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Description: My Faraway One: Selected Letters of Georgia O’Keeffe and Alfred Stieglitz...
~The individuals listed below are frequently referred to in the letters by first name only. They are identified more fully in the dictionary that follows.
Author
PublisherYale University Press
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00086.007
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Biographical Dictionary
The individuals listed below are frequently referred to in the letters by first name only. They are identified more fully in the dictionary that follows.
Agnes/Ag: see Engelhard, Agnes Stieglitz
Alexis: see O’Keeffe, Alexis Wyckoff
Alma: see Wertheim, Alma Morgenthau
Anita: from 1915 to 1932, see Pollitzer, Anita
Anita: for 1933, see Young, Anita Natalie
Arthur: Macmahon, Arthur Whittier
Beck: see Strand, Rebecca Salsbury
Betty: see O’Keeffe, Elizabeth Jones
Billie Mac: see McMeans, Annette Harris
Brack: see Harris, Thomas Brackenridge
Captain: see Ravagli, Angelo
Catherine: see Klenert, Catherine Blanche O’Keeffe
Charles: see Collier, Charles W.
Claudia/Claudie: see O’Keeffe, Claudia Ruth
Dr. Mac: see McMeans, Robert Lee
Donald: see Davidson, Donald Douglas
Dorothy: from 1915 to 1925, see True, Dorothy
Dorothy: from 1926 to 1933, see Norman, Dorothy Stecker
Edward/Ed: see Norman, Edward
Elizabeth: see Davidson, Elizabeth Stieglitz
Emmy: see Stieglitz, Emmeline Obermeyer
Ethel: see Tyrrell, Ethel Louise
Ettie: see Stettheimer, Henriette Walter
Eva: see Herrmann, Eva
Florine: see Stettheimer, Florine
Frances: see O’Brien, Frances
Frankie: see Prosser, Frank
Fred: from 1916 to 1918, see Heyser, Fred Theodore
Fred: from 1929 to 1933, see Fred (Lake George handyman)
Frieda: see Lawrence, Frieda
Georgie/Babse/The Kid/The Kidlet: see Engelhard, Georgia
Henwar: see Rodakiewicz, Henwar
Herbert: see Engelhard, George Herbert
Hodge: see Kirnon, Hodge
Ida: see O’Keeffe, Ida Ten Eyck
Julien: see Levy, Julien
Kitty: see Stearns, Katherine Stieglitz
Leah: see Harris, Leah
Lee: see Stieglitz, Leopold
Lewis: see Callaghan, Lewis
Lilias: see Seligmann, Lilias
Lizzie: see Stieglitz, Elizabeth Stieffel
Mabel: see Luhan, Mabel Dodge
Margaret: see Prosser, Margaret
Marie: from 1915 to 1928, see Boursault, Marie Rapp
Marie: from 1929 to 1933, see Garland, Marie
Marjorie/Margy: see Content, Marjorie
Miriam: see Hapgood, Miriam
Paul: see Strand, Paul
Peggy: see Davidson, Elizabeth Margery
Pete: see Dozier, José Pitman Guadalupe
Ray: see Klenert, Raymond
Reds: see Torr, Helen
Richard: see Menschausen, Richard
Sel: see Schubart, Selma Stieglitz
Sibyl: see Browne, Sibyl
Spud: see Johnson, William
Sue: see Davidson, Sue
Ted: see Reid, James Warren
Tony: see Lujan, Antonio
Waldo: see Frank, Waldo
Willard: see Austin, Don Willard
Well-known composers, musicians, politicians, scientists, and vocalists are not included, nor are persons mentioned only in the footnotes. Celebrated artists and authors are included only if they had a direct connection with O’Keeffe or Stieglitz. Nicknames and pseudonyms, as well as surnames acquired through marriage, are given in parentheses. All individuals are American unless otherwise noted.
Abbott, Jere (1897–1982): associate director of the Museum of Modern Art, 1929–1932; director of the Smith College Museum of Art until 1946.
Ackerman, Charles Clarence (1867–1964?): O’Keeffe’s landlord in Canyon, Texas, 1916–1917.
Ackerman, Ralph E. (1902–1972): son of O’Keeffe’s landlord in Canyon, Texas.
Ackerman, Susie (1870–?): O’Keeffe’s landlord in Canyon, Texas, 1916–1917.
Adams, Ansel (1902–1984): landscape photographer who met O’Keeffe in Taos in 1929 and became close friends with her and Stieglitz; Stieglitz exhibited his photographs in 1936; helped found the photography department at the Museum of Modern Art and championed environmental causes.
Aisen, Maurice (1885–1942): Rumanian-born chemist; supporter of modern art; contributor to Camera Work.
Alexander, Elizabeth W. (1866–1947): wife of the painter John W. Alexander; founder of the Arden Galleries, New York, in 1917 with Mrs. James C. Rogerson.
Allatini, Rose (Eunice Buckley) (1890–1980): Viennese-born author and wife of Cyril Kay Scott.
Allen, Lloyd Green (Lanky) (1864–1949): professor of mathematics and head of the department at West Texas State Normal College, 1910–1932; dean of the college, 1919–1927.
Anderson, Sherwood (1876–1941): author of Winesburg, Ohio (1919) and other works; a friend of O’Keeffe, Stieglitz, Dove, and other members of the Stieglitz circle in the 1920s and 1930s.
Arden, Elizabeth (born: Florence Nightingale Graham) (1884–1966): Canadian-born businesswoman who built a cosmetics empire; art collector who acquired O’Keeffe’s paintings.
Arensberg, Louise (1879–1953): wife of Walter Arensberg and hostess of their lively salon in New York during World War I.
Arensberg, Walter Conrad (1878–1954): critic, poet, and art collector who fostered the careers of Marcel Duchamp and other avant-garde artists in New York during World War I.
Arkin, Arthur E. L. (1872–1937): Russian-born father of David Arkin.
Arkin, Beatrice Wortis (1909–1991): wife of David Arkin; teacher.
Arkin, David I. (1906–1980): Russian-born poet, painter, songwriter, and teacher.
Austin, Don Willard (1878–1953): friend of O’Keeffe’s in Amarillo and San Antonio in 1917–1918; insurance salesman.
Austin, Mary (1868–1934): writer, poet, feminist, and champion of Native American and Hispanic American rights.
Baasch, Kurt W. (1891–1964): Venezuelan-born, German-educated photographer who was a member of the Camera Club of New York; a friend of Paul Strand’s.
Bacon, Margaret Frances (Peggy) (1895–1987): painter, printmaker, and illustrator.
Baer, Maximilian Adelbert (Max; Madcap Maxie) (1909–1959): Hall of Fame boxer in the 1930s and onetime Heavyweight Champion of the World.
Bahr, Abel William (1878–1959): collector and scholar of Chinese art; friend of Charles Freer.
Barker, Mary Taylor (1908–?): actress, writer, and director.
Barnes, Albert C. (1872–1951): inventor and collector of modern European and American art; founder of the Barnes Foundation, a private museum he established in 1922 in Merion, Pennsylvania.
Barnes, Djuna (1892–1982): modernist poet, author, and playwright; member of the Provincetown Players and the Greenwich Village bohemian community during World War I.
Barr, Alfred Hamilton (1902–1981): Princeton-and Harvard-trained art historian; first director of the Museum of Modern Art from 1929 to 1943.
Barton, Ralph (1891–1931): caricaturist; third husband of Carlotta Monterey O’Neill.
Bass, Jeanette (?–?): child dancer who visited and corresponded with Stieglitz in the late 1920s.
Bass, Victor (?–?): brother of Jeanette Bass.
Bauschmied, Elsa (1889?–1912): Alfred Stieglitz’s daughter; born to a German woman in Munich; died giving birth to Stieglitz’s granddaughter, Elsa Lidauer.
Bayley, R. Child (1869–1934): British electrical engineer, journalist, and photographer; editor of Photography and The Amateur Photographer and Photography.
Beckett, Marion (1886–1949): modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1915.
Belasco, David (1853–1931): theatrical manager and producer known for his spectacular stage settings and lighting.
Bell, Clive (1881–1964): British art critic who defended abstract art; author of Art (1914), which was widely read by the Stieglitz artists.
Bell, Martha T. (Domestic Science) (1880–1950?): teacher of domestic science at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1918.
Bellows, George (1882–1925): realist painter known for his paintings of New York City and teacher at the Art Students League of New York.
Bement, Alon (1876–1954): painter and professor at Teachers College, Columbia University; O’Keeffe studied with him in 1912 at the University of Virginia and assisted him there in the summers of 1913–1916.
Bement, Katherine Emmet (1878–1960): wife of Alon Bement; actress.
Benn, Ben (born: Benjamin Rosenberg) (1884–1983): Russian-born modernist painter known for his bold use of color.
Benton, Rita Piacenza (1896–1975): Italian-born wife of Thomas Hart Benton.
Benton, Thomas Hart (1889–1975): modernist painter who embraced Regionalism and became known for his murals.
Berg, Benjamin Nathan, M.D. (1897–1988): instructor of experimental pathology at Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons; O’Keeffe’s doctor in the 1920s.
Berk, A. B., M.D. (1867–1927): Hungarian-born dermatologist and head of dermatology at Mt. Sinai Hospital.
Berkman, Alexander (1870–1936): Russian-born anarchist; editor of Mother Earth (1907–1915) and The Blast (1916–1917); companion of Emma Goldman, with whom he was deported to Russia in 1917.
Birnbaum, Martin (1878–1970): Hungarian-born lawyer; manager of the Berlin Photographic Company, 1910–1916, which sold reproductions of works of art; partner of Scott and Fowles, New York, 1916–1926, which exhibited old master paintings and modern art.
Blackburn, Alan R. Jr. (1907?–1999?): executive secretary and exhibition coordinator, Museum of Modern Art.
Blaine, William Henry (Physical Education) (1884–1964?): teacher of physical education at West Texas State Normal College, 1912–1920.
Bliss, Lizzie P. (1864–1931): collector, patron of the arts, and a founder of the Museum of Modern Art.
Bluemner, Oscar F. (1867–1938): German-born modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1915 and 1928; known for his use of brilliant, prismatic color planes.
Bodansky, Artur (1877–1939): Austrian-born conductor of the Metropolitan Opera from 1915 to 1939; specialized in German work.
Bolton, Buck W. (1896–1955): junior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Bouché, Louis (1896–1969): painter and director of the Belmaison Gallery, part of Wanamaker’s Gallery of Decorative Arts, New York.
Bouguereau, William-Adolphe (1825–1905): French academic painter.
Bourgeois, Stephen (1881–1964): French-born founder and director of the Bourgeois Gallery, New York, 1914, which exhibited modern European and American art.
Boursault, Albert K. (1863–1913): advertising agent and member of the Photo-Secession.
Boursault, Mrs. Albert (?–?): mother of George Boursault.
Boursault, George (1890–1987): son of Albert Boursault and husband of Marie Rapp.
Boursault, Marie Rapp (1894–1988): music student; Stieglitz’s secretary at 291 from 1911 to 1917.
Boyce, Neith (1872–1951): wife of Hutchins Hapgood; journalist, author, and member of the Greenwich Village bohemian community; founder of the Provincetown Players.
Boyer, Charles Philip (?–?): Russian-born director of the Mellon Galleries, Philadelphia, which showed modern art.
Boyesen, Bayard (1882–1964?): son of Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen; poet, anarchist, lecturer at Columbia, and a principal at the Ferrer Center and Modern School, New York, a gathering place for cultural and political radicals.
Boyesen, Hjalmar Hjorth (1848–1895): Norwegian-born author and professor of Germanic languages at Columbia University.
Bragdon, Claude Fayette (1866–1946): architect, writer, set designer, and follower of Eastern religions; lived at the Shelton Hotel and was a close friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s in the 1920s and 1930s.
Brancusi, Constantin (1876–1957): Rumanian-born modernist sculptor whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1914 and reproduced in Camera Work; celebrated for his highly simplified forms.
Breckenridge, Hugh Henry (1870–1937): painter and teacher at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.
Brett, The Honorable Dorothy (1883–1977): British-born painter and devotee of D. H. Lawrence, whom she followed to Taos, New Mexico; close friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s in the late 1920s and 1930s.
Brigman, Anne Wardrope (Annie) (1869–1950): pictorial photographer known for her nude depictions of women; member of the Photo-Secession whose photographs Stieglitz exhibited in 1905 and 1906 and reproduced in Camera Work.
Brill, Abraham Arden, M.D. (1874–1948): Austrian-born psychoanalyst; studied with C. G. Jung and translated works by Freud into English.
Brixey, Richard De Wolfe (1881–1943): president of the Kerite Insulated Wire and Cable Company; a collector of O’Keeffe’s paintings.
Brook, Alexander (1898–1980): realist painter of still lifes, landscapes, and portraits.
Brooks, Van Wyck (1886–1963): literary critic, historian, biographer, and author of The Wine of the Puritans: A Study of Present Day America (1908) and The Ordeal of Mark Twain (1920).
Brown, Mary Morgan (Expression) (1873–1938): head of the speech department at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1918.
Browne, Hetty Sibyl Turnipseed (1875–1966): director of an experimental primary school, Winthrop College, Rock Hill, South Carolina, in the 1910s; director of the River Road School, San Antonio.
Browne, Sibyl (1892–1979): daughter of Hetty Browne; artist and author; student of Diego Rivera; instructor at Teachers College, Columbia University.
Bruce, Patrick Henry (1881–1936): modernist painter influenced by cubism and purism who resided in Paris from 1904 to 1933.
Bruguière, Francis Joseph (1879–1945): photographer known for his portraits and abstractions, which Stieglitz reproduced in Camera Work.
Bruno, Guido (1884–1942): Greenwich Village publisher of Bruno’s Weekly (1915–1916) and Bruno Chap Books (1915–1916); champion of Imagist poets and opponent of censorship.
Bryner, Edna (Teddy) (1866–1967): novelist with an interest in Eastern religions; with her husband, Arthur Schwab, a collector and supporter of Stieglitz and his artists.
Buffet-Picabia, Gabrielle (1881–1985): first wife of Francis Picabia; musicologist; author whose writings Stieglitz published in Camera Work.
Bull, Mary Elizabeth (?–?): daughter of Nina Bull, who lived with her mother in the rooms that once housed 291, 1917–1918.
Bull, Nina (1880?–1968?): occupant who moved into the rooms that once housed 291 with the intention of establishing an art-lending library, 1917–1918.
Bulliet, Clarence Joseph (1883–1952): art critic for the Chicago Daily News.
Bullitt, William Christian, Jr. (1891–1967): diplomat, journalist, and novelist; first American ambassador to the Soviet Union.
Bunting, Charles Henry (1875–1961): professor of pathology at the University of Wisconsin Medical School.
Burke, Mary William Ethelbert Appleton (Billie) (1884–1970): actress.
Burty, Frank (Burty-Haviland) (1886–1971): French modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1914.
Busch, Adolph (1891–1952): German violinist and composer.
Bynner, Harold Witter (1881–1968): poet, writer, and follower of Taoism; hosted many visiting actors, artists, and writers in his Santa Fe home.
Caffin, Caroline Scurfeld (1864–?): British-born wife of Charles Caffin.
Caffin, Charles Henry (1854–1918): British-born New York art critic for Harper’s Weekly, the New York Sun, and New York American; author of several books, including Photography as a Fine Art (1901); frequent contributor to Camera Work.
Cahill, Holger (born: Sveinn Kristján Bjarnason) (1887–1960): Icelandic-born curator at the Newark Museum; acting head of the Museum of Modern Art in 1932; director of the Federal Arts Project, part of the Works Project Administration, 1935–1943.
Callaghan, Lewis (1906–1983): photographer and New Mexico resident who met O’Keeffe in 1929.
Cane, Melville (1879–1980): attorney, reporter for the New York Evening Post, and poet.
Cardozo, Benjamin N. (1870–1938): New York attorney and member of the New York Supreme Court; appointed to the United States Supreme Court in 1932.
Carles, Arthur Beecher (1882–1952): modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910 and 1912; influenced by Matisse.
Carswell, Catherine MacFarlane (1879–1946): Scottish author and journalist; biographer of D. H. Lawrence, among others.
Cary, Elizabeth Luther (1867–1936): art critic for The New York Times.
Cézanne, Paul (1839–1906): French postimpressionist painter whose highly influential work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910 and 1911 and reproduced in Camera Work.
Chase, William Merritt (1849–1916): impressionist painter and influential teacher at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and the Art Students League, New York, where O’Keeffe studied with him in 1907–1908.
Chávez y Ramirez, Carlos Antonio de Padua (1899–1978): Mexican composer, conductor, and journalist; founder of the Mexican Symphonic Orchestra.
Cheiro (born: William John Warner) (1866–1936): Irish astrologer, occult figure, and clairvoyant who taught palmistry and numerology; author of several books.
Churchill, Henry Stern (1893–1962): architect, city planner, and author.
Citkowitz, Israel (1908–1974): composer and piano teacher.
Clurman, Harold (1901–1980): theater director; founder of the Group Theatre; drama critic for The New Republic.
Coady, Robert J. (1882–1921): founder and codirector of the Washington Square Gallery, New York, 1914; later renamed the Coady Gallery, 1917–1919, which exhibited modern European art and African sculpture; editor of The Soil (1916–1917).
Coburn, Alvin Langdon (1882–1966): pictorial photographer known for his portraits and cityscapes, which Stieglitz exhibited in 1907 and 1909 and reproduced in Camera Work; associated with Ezra Pound and British Vorticists during World War I.
Cohan, Georgette (later: Souther; Rowse) (1900–1988): daughter of the Broadway producer George M. Cohan.
Collier, Charles W. (1909–1987): son of John Collier; O’Keeffe’s friend and traveling companion in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Collier, John (1884–1968): social reformer, and advocate for Native American rights; Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1933–1945; instrumental in the passage of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.
Concha, John (?–?): Native American who traveled with O’Keeffe to Santa Fe and Las Vegas, New Mexico, in 1929.
Content, Marjorie (Margy) (1895–1984): photographer who traveled with O’Keeffe to Bermuda in 1933; married Jean Toomer in 1934.
Cook, Madeleine Ruth (Madge) (1906–1946): daughter of Alfred and Ruth Meyer Cook, niece of Eugene Meyer and Aline Liebman; poet.
Coomaraswamy, Ananda Kentish (Kūmaraswāmī) (1877–1947): Sri Lankan–born historian, philosopher, and curator of Indian, Persian, and Mohammedan art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; responsible for the acquisition of Stieglitz’s photographs by the museum in 1924.
Coomaraswamy, Doña Luisa Runstein (Xlata Lotte Llamas) (1903–1969): Argentine-born society photographer; third wife of Ananda Coomaraswamy.
Coombs, Elizabeth Maury (1874–1957): short story author who contributed to The Century Magazine and Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine.
Cooper, Ruth Margaret (?–?): teacher in the Training School of West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1919.
Cortissoz, Royal (1869–1948): art historian; critic for the New York Herald Tribune from 1891 to 1948.
Cosgrave, John O’Hara (1866–1947): Australian-born editor and publisher of Everybody’s (1900–1911) and the Sunday supplement of New York World (1912–1927).
Cottam, Elizabeth Hawk (Betty) (1902–?): with siblings William Hawk and Bertha Hawk Gillett, owned Del Monte Ranch outside of Taos; O’Keeffe’s friend in the early 1930s.
Cousins, Robert Barstow (1861–1932): founding president of West Texas State Normal College, 1909–1918.
Covarrubias, José Miguel (1904–1957): Mexican-born caricaturist whose work was frequently published in The New Yorker and Vanity Fair in the 1920s and 1930s.
Covert, John (1882–1960): modernist painter and one of founders of the Society of Independent Artists.
Cox, Kenyon (1856–1919): academic painter and teacher at the Art Students League of New York.
Craig, Edward Gordon (1872–1966): British actor, director, and set designer whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910–1911 and reproduced in Camera Work.
Cramer, Konrad (1888–1963): German-born modernist painter and photographer.
Crane, Hart (1899–1932): modernist poet influenced by T. S. Eliot; author of The Bridge (1930); a friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s in the 1920s.
Crowninshield, Frank (1872–1947): French-born art and theater critic who wrote for Vanity Fair.
Dabo, Leon (1865–1960): tonalist landscape painter.
Daniel, Charles (1878–1971): art dealer and director of the Daniel Gallery, New York, 1913–1932, which exhibited modern American art.
Daniel, Margery Durant Campbell (later: Green) (?–1969): fiancée of Mitchell Kennerley in 1928.
Dannenberg, George (1882–1978): painter; student with O’Keeffe at the Art Students League in New York from 1907 to 1908 and her correspondent from 1908 to 1912.
Dasburg, Andrew (1887–1979): modernist painter influenced by cubism; moved to Santa Fe in 1921 and to Taos in 1932.
Dasburg, Nancy Lane Kauffmann (?–?): second wife of Andrew Dasburg (m. 1928; d. 1932); actress.
Davey, Randall (1887–1964): painter; student of Robert Henri’s; resident of Taos.
Davidson, Donald Douglas (1878–1948): Scottish-born husband of Alfred’s niece Elizabeth; gardener at Lake George; close friend of O’Keeffe, Stieglitz, and many of the artists associated with them from the late 1910s to the 1940s; involved with Vedantism and Eastern religions.
Davidson, Elizabeth Margery (Peggy) (later: McManus; Bodkin) (1919–1995): Alfred’s grandniece, daughter of Elizabeth Davidson and her husband, Donald; frequent visitor to Lake George.
Davidson, Elizabeth Stieglitz (1897–1956): Alfred Stieglitz’s niece, daughter of Leopold and Elizabeth Stieglitz, wife of Donald Davidson, and close friend of Stieglitz, O’Keeffe, and many of the artists associated with them from the late 1910s to the 1940s; involved with Vedantism and Eastern religions; director of the Ramakrishna Vivekananda Center, New York.
Davidson, Florence L. (1886–1962): wife of Jo Davidson.
Davidson, Gilbert Cummings (1900–1974): son of Donald Davidson and his first wife, Lucille Valentini; mechanical engineer.
Davidson, Jo (1883–1952): modernist sculptor known for his realist portraits.
Davidson, Sue (later: Lowe) (b. 1922): Alfred’s grandniece, daughter of Elizabeth and Donald Davidson; frequent visitor to Lake George; Stieglitz’s biographer.
Davies, Arthur Bowen (1863–1928): artist known for his ethereal figure paintings; one of the organizers of the 1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art at the New York Armory.
Davis, J. Lyman (Sixteen Silk Shirts) (1897–1988?): senior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Davis, Stuart (1892–1964): modernist artist who painted a mural at Radio City Music Hall.
Day, Frank (?–?): student at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Dearth, Henry Golden (1864–1918): tonalist painter.
De Falla y Matheu, Manuel (1876–1946): Spanish composer.
de Hauke, César Mange (1900–?): French-born art dealer; director of Jacques Seligmann & Co. Gallery, New York; later de Hauke & Co.
Demuth, Charles (1888–1935): modernist painter known for his cityscapes, abstract portraits, and watercolors; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1922, 1925, and 1926, and yearly from 1929 to 1932 and 1936 to 1938; close friend of O’Keeffe’s, to whom he bequeathed many paintings.
Deskey, Donald (1894–1989): designer responsible for the interiors of Radio City Music Hall.
Dewald, Jacob (1888–1940): German-born investment banker, collector, and supporter of Stieglitz and his galleries.
Dewey, John (1859–1952): philosopher and educational reformer.
De Zayas, Marius (1880–1961): Mexican-born artist; cofounder of 291; cofounder of the Modern Gallery, 1915–1918, and the de Zayas Gallery, 1919–1921, which exhibited modern European and American art; Stieglitz exhibited his art in 1909, 1910, 1913, and 1914 and reproduced it in Camera Work.
Dodge, Mabel: see Luhan, Mabel Ganson Evans Dodge Sterne.
Dove, Arthur (1880–1946): modernist painter celebrated for his early abstractions, landscapes, and collages; Stieglitz exhibited his art in 1910, 1912, and yearly from 1925 to 1927 and 1929 to 1946; close friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s.
Dove, Helen Torr: see Torr, Helen (Reds).
Dow, Arthur Wesley (1857–1922): painter, printmaker, and influential teacher at Teachers College, Columbia University, where O’Keeffe studied with him in 1916.
Dozier, José Pitman Guadalupe (Pete) (1898–1982): gardener and horse wrangler for Mabel Dodge Luhan; later a guide at Ghost Ranch.
Draper, Muriel (1886–1952): socialite whose weekly salon attracted a wide range of artists, writers, and photographers.
Dreier, Katherine S. (1877–1952): painter and collector who in 1920 founded the Société Anonyme, Inc., with Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray to champion modern art in the United States.
Droth, Andrew (1886?–?): assistant at An American Place from 1934 to 1950.
Du Bois, Guy Pène (1884–1958): painter.
Duchamp, Marcel (R. Mutt) (1887–1968): French modernist painter and sculptor most closely associated with Dada and surrealism; highly influential in twentieth-century avant-garde artistic practice.
Dudley, Dorothy (later: Harvey) (1884–1962): poet and author.
Dufour, Elise R. (?–1929): dancer and teacher of dance.
Dun: New York packer and shipper who worked for Stieglitz in the 1930s.
Duncan, Charles (1887?–1952): artist and sign painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1916.
Dunklee, George (1879–1936): Lake George handyman who ran a taxi service.
Duveen, Joseph (1869–1939): British art dealer who sold many paintings to Americans; friend of the art historian Bernard Berenson.
Eastman, George (1854–1932): inventor of the first practical roll film, 1884, and the Kodak camera, 1888; founder of Eastman Kodak Company, 1892; manufacturer of cameras, films, and printing papers.
Eckstein, Gustav (1890–1981): author and professor at the University of Cincinnati whose work on physiology, psychiatry, and animal behavior with Ivan Pavlov was celebrated in the 1930s and 1940s; O’Keeffe’s close friend in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Eddy, Arthur Jerome (1859–1920): Chicago attorney; early collector of modernist art; author of Cubists and Post-Impressionism (1914).
Ederheimer, Richard R. (1878–1959): painter, print dealer, and collector.
Eggers, George William (1883–1958): painter and director of The Art Institute of Chicago, 1916–1921, and the Worcester Art Museum in Worcester, Massachusetts.
Eisenstein, Sergei Mikhailovich (1898–1948): Soviet film theorist; director of The Battleship Potemkin (1925) and Ten Days That Shook the World (1928).
Eliot, Henry Ware, Jr. (1879–1947): painter and brother of the poet T. S. Eliot.
Ellis, Havelock (1859–1939): British scientist who studied and wrote extensively on sex, including the six-volume Studies in the Psychology of Sex (1897–1910, 1928).
Engelhard, Agnes Stieglitz (1869–1952): Alfred’s sister, wife of George Herbert Engelhard, and mother of Georgia.
Engelhard, George Herbert (1870–1945): husband of Alfred’s sister Agnes and father of Georgia; attorney.
Engelhard, Georgia (Babse; The Child; The Kid; The Kidlet; Georgia Minor; Georgie) (later: Cromwell) (1906–1986): Alfred’s niece; daughter of his sister, Agnes Stieglitz Engelhard and her husband, George; Stieglitz exhibited her drawings in 1912, 1914, and 1916; painter, photographer, and mountaineer; close friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s.
Enters, Anita (Angna) (1897–1989): dancer, mime, painter, writer, and wife of Louis Kalonyme.
Eugene, Frank (1865–1936): pictorial photographer, member of the Photo-Secession whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1907 and reproduced in Camera Work; professor of photography.
Evans, John Ganson (1902–1978): Mabel Dodge Luhan’s son by her first husband, Karl Evans; author and government employee.
Farnsworth, Emma Justine (1860–1952): pictorial photographer.
Farrell, James A. (1863–1943): president of the United States Steel Corporation, 1911–1932.
Field, Hamilton Easter (1876–1922): painter; critic for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle; collector of American modernist art.
Fischel, Marguerite Kaufmann (1889–1950): composer who studied with Ernest Bloch; cerebral palsy specialist; collector of O’Keeffe’s art.
Fisher, Harrison (1877–1934): commercial artist whose work was published in Cosmopolitan and The Saturday Evening Post.
Fisher, William Murrell (1889–1969): British-born poet and critic; employee at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Fitzgerald, Desmond (1846–1926): Boston critic and collector of French impressionism who built a gallery in Brookline, Massachusetts.
Flaherty, Robert Joseph (1884–1951): filmmaker who directed and produced the first successful documentary film, Nanook of the North (1922).
Fleischmann, Leon Samuel (1889–1946): husband of Helen Kastor (m. 1915) and Marjorie Content (m. 1929); poet, reporter, and counselor in the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Flint, Ralph (1885–1968): painter; critic for The New York Times and The Christian Science Monitor; editor of Art News.
Force, Juliana Rieser (1876–1948): Gertrude Whitney’s secretary; director of the Whitney Studio Club and the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, 1918–1948.
Fowler, Ruby (later: Reid) (1896–1995): O’Keeffe’s friend in Canyon, Texas, 1917–1918; Ted Reid’s girlfriend and subsequently his wife.
Fox, William Henry (1859–1952): director of the Brooklyn Museum of Art, 1912–1934.
Frank, Waldo (1889–1967): social historian and political activist; associate editor of The Seven Arts (1916–1917); author of The Re-Discovery of America: An Introduction to a Philosophy of American Life (1929); coeditor of America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934).
Fred: Lake George handyman.
Freer, Charles (1854–1919): railroad car manufacturer, art collector, and founder of the Freer Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Freytag-Loringhoven, Elsa von, Baroness (1874–1927): German-born poet, sculptress, and member of the New York Dada circle of artists.
Friedman, Arnold (1879–1946): postal clerk who became a painter.
Gág, Wanda (1893–1946): illustrator, print-maker, and author of the children’s book Millions of Cats (1928).
Gaisman, Henry J. (1869–1974): inventor of the safety razor, the “autographic” camera back, and many other patents.
Gale, Zona (1874–1938): native of Portage, Wisconsin; journalist and author of Miss Zulu Bett (1920).
Gallatin, Albert Eugene (1881–1952): collector of modern art; opened The Gallery of Living Art at New York University in 1927, renamed the Museum of Living Art in 1936.
Ganso, Emil (1895–1941): baker who became a painter.
Garland, Hamilton (Ham) (1900–1983): Marie Garland’s son by her first husband, Charles.
Garland, Marie Tudor (1870–1949): author and heiress who gave up a $10 million estate from first husband, Charles Garland, to marry Francis Cushing Greene; later married Swinburne Hale, Henwar Rodakiewicz (m. 1927; d. 1934), and J. Allen Fiske; owned H & M Ranch, Alcalde, New Mexico, where O’Keeffe stayed in the summers of 1929–1931.
Geller, Henry William (Agriculture) (?–1918): Rumanian-born agriculture professor at West Texas State Normal College, 1914–1918.
Gerard, James Watson (1867–1951): lawyer, diplomat, and American ambassador to Germany, 1913–1917.
Gillett, Bertha Hawk (Bobby) (1905–1994?): wife of Ted Gillett; with siblings Elizabeth Hawk Cottam and William Hawk, owned Del Monte Ranch outside of Taos; O’Keeffe’s friend in the early 1930s.
Gillett, Ted (?–?): husband of Bertha Hawk Gillet; O’Keeffe’s friend in the early 1930s.
Gilman, Lawrence (1878–1939): author, music critic, and contributor to the New York Herald Tribune.
Gist, Robert D., M.D. (1882–1955): physician in practice with Dr. Robert McMeans, Amarillo, Texas, who treated O’Keeffe in 1918.
Glackens, William James (1870–1938): painter associated with the Ashcan School and member of The Eight.
Glassgold, C. Adolph (1899–1985): editor of Creative Art; employee of the Whitney Museum of American Art; coordinator of the Works Project Administration’s Index of American Design.
Gleizes, Albert (1881–1953): French modernist painter celebrated for his cubist portraits, landscapes, and still lifes.
Gleizes, Juilette Roche (1884–1982): wife of Albert Gleizes; painter.
Goepfert: see March, Louise Goepfert.
Goldman, Emma (1869–1940): Russian-born New York anarchist and political activist who opposed World War I and was deported to Russia.
Goldsmith, Alfred F. (1881–1947): New York bookseller; owner of At the Sign of the Sparrow bookstore.
Goodwin, John (1913–?): son of Walter and Elizabeth Goodwin (later: Hare); visitor to Taos in 1929.
Goodwin, Walter L., Jr. (1902–1978): son of Walter and Elizabeth Goodwin (later: Hare); editor at L. P. Lippincott and founder of Rydal Press, Santa Fe.
Grafly, Charles (1862–1929): academic sculptor and teacher at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia.
Green, Louise (1891–1986?): housekeeper who worked for the Stieglitz family in Lake George.
Greene, Belle da Costa (1883–1950): librarian to J. P. Morgan and first director of the Pierpont Morgan Library.
Griffin, William V. (?–?): art collector who supported Marsden Hartley for four years in the mid-1920s.
Gris, Juan (born: José Victoriano González-Pérez) (1887–1927): Spanish painter and sculptor celebrated for his cubist portraits and still lives.
Gutman, Ernest (1903–1980): abstract sculptor who was friends with Stieglitz in the 1930s.
Gutman, Walter (1903–1986): New York stock analyst, artist, and critic.
Hagen, Walter Charles (1892–1969): golfer.
Hallgarten, Riki (?–1932): German painter.
Hallowell, Carolyn Bayard (1931–2003): daughter of Robert Hallowell; psychiatric social worker.
Hallowell, Robert (1886–1939): artist and publisher.
Halpert, Edith Gregor (born: Fivoosiovitch) (1900–1970): Russian-born wife of Samuel Halpert; art dealer and founder of the Downtown Gallery, New York, 1926–1970, which showed work by American modernists.
Hanna, Leonard C., Jr. (1889–1957): Cleveland iron ore miner, philanthropist, and collector.
Hapgood, Charles H. (1904–1982): son of Neith Boyce and Hutchins Hapgood, who traveled with O’Keeffe in 1929; history professor, author, and advocate of polar shift.
Hapgood, Hutchins (1869–1944): husband of Neith Boyce; member of the Greenwich Village bohemian community; anarchist and journalist for the New York Globe; author of The Spirit of the Ghetto (1902) and A Victorian in the Modern World (1933).
Hapgood, Miriam (later: DeWitt) (1906–1990): daughter of Hutchins Hapgood and Neith Boyce; traveled with O’Keeffe in 1929; painter, environmentalist, and author.
Hapgood, Neith Boyce: see Boyce, Neith.
Hare, Elizabeth Sage Goodwin (1878–1948): socialite mother of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s friends Walter L. Goodwin, Jr., and John Goodwin; friend and supporter of D. H. Lawrence.
Harriman, Marie Norton Whitney (1903–1970): wife of Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney; later married the statesman W. Averell Harriman; ran the Marie Harriman Gallery, New York, 1930–1942.
Harris, Frank (1856–1931): British-born author, journalist, editor, and publisher.
Harris, Leah (later: Bentley) (1888–1966): county nutritionist in West Texas and O’Keeffe’s close friend in Texas from 1916 to 1918.
Harris, Mose C. (Moses) (1843–1922): father of O’Keeffe’s friends Leah and Brock Harris and Annette Harris McMeans; printer, journalist, and founder of the San Antonio Evening News; editor of The Texas Republic.
Harris, Thomas Brackenridge (Brack) (1884–?): Leah Harris’s brother and O’Keeffe’s friend in 1918.
Harrison, Lowell Birge (1854–1929): tonalist painter.
Harter, Richard H. (1897–?): student at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Hartley, Marsden (1877–1943): modernist painter, poet, and essayist most celebrated for his abstract portraits and expressionist landscapes; Stieglitz exhibited his work repeatedly from 1909 through 1937; thereafter Hartley’s work was handled by other New York dealers.
Harvey, Frederick Henry (Fred) (1835–1901): British-born entrepreneur who developed a chain of restaurants and hotels along western U.S. railroad lines.
Haskell, Ernest (1876–1925): painter and printmaker.
Havemeyer, Louisine (1855–1929): collector of impressionist art; friend of Mary Cassatt’s; philanthropist and suffragette.
Haviland, Paul Burty (1880–1950): French photographer whose family owned the Haviland china company; writer; associate editor of Camera Work; cofounder of 291 and the Modern Gallery, 1915–1918; Stieglitz reproduced his photographs in Camera Work.
Hawk, Rachel (1898–1992): wife of William Hawk; O’Keeffe’s friend in the early 1930s.
Hawk, Shirley (b. 1925): daughter of William and Rachel Hawk.
Hawk, Walton (b. 1923): son of William and Rachel Hawk.
Hawk, William (Bill) (1891–1975): with siblings Elizabeth Hawk Cottam and Bertha Hawk Gillet, owned Del Monte Ranch outside of Taos; O’Keeffe’s friend in the early 1930s.
Henderson, Hunt (1877?–1972?): New Orleans collector of O’Keeffe’s paintings.
Henning, Harris B. (1904–1940): Leah Harris’s nephew, son of her sister Dean Harris Henning.
Henri, Robert (1865–1929): painter associated with the Ashcan School; member of The Eight; influential teacher at the Art Students League of New York.
Herbin, Auguste (1882–1960): French cubist and abstract painter.
Herrmann, Eva (1901–1978): daughter of Stieglitz’s college classmate Frank Simon Herrmann; painter.
Herrmann, Frank Simon (Sime) (1866–1942): Stieglitz’s classmate at City College of New York and traveling companion in Europe in the 1880s; painter.
Herschmann, Arthur J. (1874–1950): baritone and mechanical engineer.
Herzig, Katherine (?–?): Hedwig Stieglitz’s nurse in the early 1920s.
Heyser, Fred Theodore (1894?–1963?): senior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Hibbets, Anna I. (1876–1966): Irish-born graduate of West Texas State Normal College; teacher in Normal College training school, 1912–1920; professor of primary education at West Texas State, 1922–1944.
Hill, Joseph Abner (History) (1877–1973): professor of history at West Texas State Normal College, 1910–1918; president of the college, 1918–1948.
Hillery, Mrs. (?–?): art teacher at West Texas State Normal College before O’Keeffe arrived in 1916.
Hillquit, Morris (1869–1933): labor lawyer; leader of the socialist party; congressional candidate in 1908; New York mayoral candidate in 1917.
Hirst, Virginius B., M.D. (1891–1952): Stieglitz’s ear, nose, and throat doctor.
Howe, William A. (1862–1940): New York State medical inspector; advocate of public health instruction.
Hughes, Charles Evans, Sr. (1862–1948): Republican governor of New York, 1907–1910; Republican presidential candidate in 1916; secretary of state, 1921–1925; chief justice of the United States, 1930–1941.
Hume, Martha Beatrice (Mattie) (1898–?): junior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Hunter, Russell Vernon (1900–1955): painter, teacher, and arts administrator in Santa Fe; a friend of O’Keeffe’s in the 1930s.
Huxley, Aldous (1894–1963): British author, best known for Brave New World (1932); friend of D.H. and Frieda Lawrence.
Iklé, Charles F. (1874–1963): German-born collector of work by the Stieglitz artists.
Ilse (?–?): cook who worked for the Stieglitz family at Lake George in the summer of 1926.
Ingraham, Mrs. (?–?): laundress at Lake George.
Ivins, William Mills, Jr. (Billy) (1881–1961): curator in the department of prints at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1916–1946.
James, William (1842–1910): philosopher, psychologist, and author of numerous books on free will and pragmatism.
Jeffers, Robinson (1887–1962): poet known for his works about the California coast.
Jeffers, Una Call Kuster (1884–1950): wife of Robinson Jeffers.
Jenks, Edwin B., M.D. (1880–1945): New York physician who had a home in Diamond Point, New York, and treated O’Keeffe and Stieglitz.
Jenks, Ruth Guernsey (1880–1952): wife of physician Edwin Jenks.
Jewell, Edward Alden (1888–1947): art critic for the New York Tribune and The New York Times.
Johnson, William Willard (Spud) (1897–1968): author, poet, and editor of Laughing Horse (1922–1939); friend of O’Keeffe’s in 1929 and the early 1930s.
Jones, D. Paul (?–1962): painter and cook for Marie Garland in 1931.
Josephy, Robert (1903–1993): book designer who worked on Letters of John Marin (1931).
Kahlo, Frida (born: Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón) (1907–1954): wife of Diego Rivera; Mexican modernist painter celebrated for her self-portraits and vibrant color.
Kahn, Otto Hermann (1867–1934): investment banker and arts patron.
Kallen, Horace (1882–1974): German-born philosopher and educator; founder of the New School for Social Research; advocate of cultural plurism.
Kalonyme, Louis B. (born: Kantor) (1900–1961): husband of Angna Enters; art and drama critic; friend of Eugene O’Neill’s.
Kandinsky, Wassily (1866–1944): Russian-born abstract artist whose art and writings Stieglitz published in Camera Work; his book The Spiritual in Art (1914) influenced many Stieglitz artists.
Kastor, Helen (later: Fleischmann; Joyce) (1894–1963): wife of the poet Leon Fleischmann (m. 1915) and of Giorgio Joyce (m. 1930), James Joyce’s son.
Katherine: cook and housekeeper for the Stieglitz family in Lake George in the 1920s.
Keiley, Joseph Turner (1869–1914): pictorial photographer known for his portraits; member of the Photo-Secession; critic and close associate of Stieglitz; Stieglitz exhibited his photographs in 1905, 1906, and 1907 and reproduced them and his writings in Camera Work.
Kelly, Reverend Andrew J. (?–1948): founder of the Catholic Library; pastor of St. Anthony Church in Hartford, Connecticut; collector of American art; donor to St. Joseph’s College Gallery, West Hartford, Connecticut.
Kennerley, Helen Rockwell Morley (1883–1963): first wife of Mitchell Kennerley; mother of Morley.
Kennerley, Mitchell: (1878–1950): British-born business manager of The Smart Set; publisher of The Forum; president of the Anderson Galleries, New York, 1916–1929.
Kennerley, Morley (1902–1985): son of Mitchell and Helen Kennerley; publisher.
Kerfoot, John Barrett (1865–1927): member of the Camera Club of New York; literary critic for Life; frequent contributor to Camera Work.
Kirnon, Hodge (1891–1962): Montserrat-born elevator operator at 291, 1912–1917; member of the Harlem Renaissance; publisher of The Promoter; lecturer; contributor to New York Amsterdam Star News.
Kirstein, Lincoln Edward (1907–1996): writer, critic, and cofounder of the School of American Ballet.
Klenert, Catherine (later: Krueger) (b. 1923): Georgia’s niece; daughter of Raymond and Catherine Klenert.
Klenert, Catherine Blanche O’Keeffe: (1895–1987): Georgia’s sister; wife of Raymond Klenert and mother of Catherine; painter.
Klenert, Mary Ellen (1870–1961): Ray Klenert’s mother.
Klenert, Raymond (Ray) (1895–1985): husband of Georgia’s sister Catherine; president of the First National Bank of Portage, Wisconsin.
Kline, Jessie M. (1895–1986): instructor in the music department at West Texas State Normal College, 1913–1918.
Kootz, Samuel (1898–1982): art dealer, art historian, and author of Modern American Painters (1930).
Kopman, Benjamin (1887–1965): Russian-born painter and printmaker.
Kreisler, Fritz (1875–1962): Austrian violinist and composer.
Kreymborg, Alfred (1883–1966): poet and novelist; editor of The Glebe (1913–1914), The Others: A Magazine of New Verse (1915–1917), and The Broom: An International Magazine of the Arts (1921–1924).
Kroll, Geneviève-Marie-Thérèse Doméc (1898–1987): wife of the painter Leon Kroll.
Kroll, Leon (1888–1974): realist painter and muralist.
Kühn, Heinrich (1866–1944): German scientist and pictorial photographer known for his portraits and landscapes; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1906 and reproduced it in Camera Work.
Kuhn, Walt (1877–1949): painter known for his figure studies; one of the organizers of the 1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art at the New York Armory.
Kuniyoshi, Yasuo (1893–1953): Japanese-born painter and printmaker who painted a mural for the women’s lounge at Radio City Music Hall.
Kurt, Melanie (1880–1941): Austrian-born opera singer who performed at the Metropolitan Opera from 1914 to 1917.
Lachaise, Gaston (1882–1935): French-born sculptor celebrated for his female nudes; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1927.
Lachaise, Isabel Dutaud Nagle (1872–1957): wife of Gaston Lachaise and his frequent model.
Lafferty, Réné (1888–?): painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1916.
Latimer, Margery (1899–1932): native of Portage, Wisconsin; first wife of Jean Toomer (m. 1931); writer, feminist, and author of Nellie Bloom and Other Stories (1929).
Laurvik, John Nilsen (1877–1953): Norwegian-born art critic and photographer; Stieglitz exhibited his photographs in 1909 and published his writings in Camera Work.
Lawrence, David Herbert Richards (1885–1930): British author, poet, playwright, and critic whose passionate and sexually explicit writings, such as Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928), were admired by the Stieglitz circle.
Lawrence, Frieda (born: Emma Maria Frieda Johanna Baroness Frelin von Richthofen) (1879–1956): French-born second wife of D. H. Lawrence; author of Not I, but the Wind (1934); married Angelo Ravagli in 1950.
Lawson, Ernest (1873–1939): Canadian-born landscape painter associated with The Eight.
Leffingwell, Lucy Hewett (1881–1959): wife of Russell Leffingwell; neighbor of the Stieglitz family at Lake George.
Leffingwell, Russell Cornell (1878–1960): chairman of J. P. Morgan; assistant secretary of the treasury, 1917–1920; neighbor of the Stieglitz family at Lake George.
Lentz (1861–1917): Colorado engineer whom O’Keeffe met in 1917.
Lester, Lewis T. (1858–1934): father of Rector Llamo Lester; rancher; founder of the Stockman’s National Bank, Canyon, Texas; member of the local board of trustees of West Texas State Normal College.
Lester, Rector Llano (1887–1975): son of Lewis T. Lester; Yale-educated Randall County attorney and judge; O’Keeffe’s friend in 1917.
Lever, Hayley (1876–1958): Australian-born painter, etcher, and teacher.
Levy, Julien (1906–1981): director of the Julien Levy Gallery, New York, 1931–1949; champion of surrealism and modern photography.
Lewis, Allen (1873–1957): painter and printmaker whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1909 and reproduced in Camera Work.
Lewisohn, Sam (1884–1951): New York financier; collector and donor to the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Brooklyn Museum of Art.
Lie, Jonas (1880–1940): Norwegian-born tonalist painter.
Liebman, Aline Meyer (1879–1966): sister of Eugene Meyer, cousin of Emmeline Stieglitz, and wife of Charles J. Liebman; supporter of Stieglitz and his artists; painter.
Liebman, Charles J. (1887–1957): husband of Aline and cousin of Emmeline Stieglitz; early supporter of Stieglitz and his artists; businessman.
Liebovitz, David (1892–1968): author.
Litchfield, Donald (1891–1966): British-born painter and critic at the New York American; fiancé of the photographer Consuelo Kanaga.
Locke, Alain LeRoy (1885–1954): writer and philosopher; editor of Survey Graphic; author of several studies on the Harlem Renaissance.
Loeb, Jacques, M.D. (1859–1924): German-born scientist; head of physiology at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York.
Loeb, Solomon (1828–1903): German-born banker and founder of Kuhn, Loeb and Company.
Loeb, Susan (later: Sandburg) (b. 1916): daughter of Marjorie Content and her first husband, Harold A. Loeb; traveled to Bermuda with O’Keeffe in 1933; dancer and office manager.
Lovett, Robert Morss (1870–1956): professor of English at the University of Chicago; editor of The Dial, The New Republic, and Poetry; political activist.
Loy, Mina (born: Mina Gertrude Löwry) (1882–1966): British-born poet and painter; member of the New York Dada circle; briefly married to Arthur Craven.
Luhan, Mabel Ganson Evans Dodge Sterne (1879–1962): wife of Karl Evans (m. 1900), Edwin Dodge (m. 1904), Maurice Sterne (m. 1916), and Tony Lujan (m. 1923); art patron whose homes in Florence, New York City, and Taos became centers for painters, photographers, poets, and authors; O’Keeffe’s hostess in 1929 and 1930.
Lujan, Albert (?–?): brother of Antonio Lujan.
Lujan, Antonio (Tony Luhan) (1880–1963): Taos Pueblo Native American who married Mabel Dodge Sterne in 1923 and formed a close friendship with O’Keeffe beginning in 1929.
Lumpkin, Katherine (1897–1988?): Y.W.C.A. secretary in Charlottesville, Virginia; friend of Claudia and Georgia O’Keeffe in 1916.
Macbeth, Robert Walker (1884–1940): son of William Macbeth and director of the Macbeth Gallery, New York, 1918–1940.
Macbeth, William (1851–1917): Irish-born founder of the Macbeth Gallery, New York, 1892, which exhibited American art.
Macdonald-Wright, Stanton (1890–1973): modernist painter who, with Morgan Russell, founded Synchronism, based on the belief that painting could evoke musical sensations; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1917 and 1932.
Macknight, Dodge (1860–1950): painter who was a friend of Vincent Van Gogh’s.
Macmahon, Arthur Whittier (1890–1980): political science professor at Columbia University from 1913 to 1958; O’Keeffe’s beau in 1915 and 1916.
MacMonnies, Frederick William (1863–1937): sculptor.
Mahan, W. B (?–?): professor of English at West Texas State Normal College, 1917–1922.
Maillol, Aristide (1861–1944): French sculptor and painter.
Man Ray (Emmanuel Rudinsky) (1890–1976): modernist painter and photographer most closely associated with Dada and Surrealism.
Manet, Édouard (1832–1883): French painter whose influential art examined modern life; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1910.
Manship, Paul (1885–1966): modernist sculptor known for his figurative works.
March, Louise Goepfert (1900–1987): Swiss-born art historian; manager of the Opportunity Gallery, New York; follower of G. I. Gurdjieff’s.
Marcos, John (?–?): Native American who traveled with O’Keeffe in 1929.
Marcosson, Isaac Frederick (1877–1961): financial editor of The Saturday Evening Post; author of The War After the War (1916) and The Business of War (1917).
Margules, De Hirsh (1899–1965): Rumanian-born modernist painter and poet.
Marin, John (1870–1953): modernist painter celebrated for his watercolors of landscapes and cityscapes; close friend of O’Keeffe and Stieglitz, who steadfastly supported his work and reproduced it in 291 and Camera Work and exhibited it almost yearly from 1909 to 1917, and again from 1925 to 1946; beginning in 1929, Stieglitz started most fall seasons at An American Place with shows of Marin’s work.
Marin, John, Jr. (1914–1988): son of the painter John Marin and his wife, Marie.
Marin, Marie Jane Hughes (?–1945): wife of the painter John Marin.
Martha: Lee and Lizzie Stieglitz’s cook in the early 1930s.
Martha: cook and housekeeper for the Stieglitz family in Lake George in the 1920s.
Martin: Lake George mechanic and garage owner in the early 1930s.
Mather, Frank Jewett, Jr. (1868–1953): art historian, professor at Princeton University, and critic; author of The American Spirit in Art (1927) and Modern Painting (1927).
Matisse, Henri (1869–1954): French modernist painter and sculptor celebrated for his striking color and innovative form; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1908, 1910, and 1912 and reproduced it in Camera Work.
Matisse, Pierre (1900–1989): son of the painter Henri and director of the Pierre Matisse Gallery, New York, from 1931 to 1989.
Matthias, Blanche Coates (1887–1983): poet; art critic for the Chicago Evening Post and Chicago Herald and Examiner; friend of O’Keeffe’s.
Maury, Elizabeth (1861–?): mother of Louis and Judith; friend of O’Keeffe’s in San Antonio in 1918.
Maury, Judith (?–?): friend of O’Keeffe’s from Virginia who was in San Antonio in 1918.
Maury, Louis (1887–1964): son of Elizabeth and friend of O’Keeffe’s in San Antonio in 1918.
McBride, Henry (1867–1962): art critic for the New York Sun, The Dial, and Creative Arts.
McCausland, Elizabeth (1899–1965): art critic for the Springfield Sunday Union and Republican.
McGregor, J. F. (?–1917): Alaskan miner; secretary-treasurer of the Panhandle State Fair and Amarillo County treasurer in 1914; O’Keeffe’s friend from 1912 to 1917.
McMeans, Annette Harris (Billie Mac; Annellie) (1877–1957): Leah Harris’s sister and wife of Robert McMeans.
McMeans, Robert Lee, M.D. (Dr. Mac) (1866–1936): husband of Annette and brother-in law of Leah Harris; Johns Hopkins–trained Amarillo physician who treated O’Keeffe in 1918.
Meier-Graefe, Julius (1867–1935): German art critic and novelist.
Mellon, Andrew W. (1855–1937): banker, industrialist, art collector, and founder of the National Gallery of Art; secretary of the treasury from 1921 to 1932.
Mellquist, Jerome (1906–1963): art historian, critic, editor, and author of The Emergence of American Art (1942).
Menshausen, Richard (1879–?): handyman who worked for the Stieglitz family from the 1920s through the 1940s.
Metzinger, Jean (1883–1956): French cubist painter.
Meyer, Agnes Ernst (1887–1970): wife of Eugene Meyer, Jr.; art critic for the New York Sun; cofounder of 291 and the Modern Gallery, 1915–1918, which exhibited modern European and American art; early collector of work by the Stieglitz artists.
Milch, Albert (1881–1951): Austrian-born co-owner of the Milch Art Gallery, New York, which exhibited works by American artists.
Milch, Edward (1865–1954): Austrian-born co-owner of the Milch Art Gallery, New York, which exhibited works by American artists.
Miller, Kenneth Hayes (1876–1952): painter and teacher at the Art Students League, New York.
Milliken, William Mathewson (1889–1978): director of the Cleveland Museum of Art from 1930 to 1958.
Minuit, Peter: see Paul Rosenfeld.
Mirabal, Juan (?–?): Native American who traveled with O’Keeffe in 1929 and worked with Tony Lujan on the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.
Mitchell, R. Milton, Jr. (1880–1939): treasurer of the Anderson Galleries, New York.
Mittler (?–?): agent for 509 Madison Ave., New York, which housed An American Place.
Moeller, Phillip (1880–1958): producer and director who cofounded the Washington Square Players and worked for the Theatre Guild.
Montross, Newman Emerson (1849–1932): founder of the Montross Gallery, New York, 1885–1932, which showed American impressionism and modern European and American work.
Moore, George (1852–1933): Irish painter, poet, and critic; author of Modern Painting (1893) and The Brook Kerith (1916).
Morelock, Horace Wilson (1873–1966): professor and head of the English department at West Texas State Normal College, 1910–1923; president of Sul Ross Teachers College, 1923–1945.
Morgan, John Pierpont (1837–1913): financier, banker, and art collector.
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. (1891–1967): Alma Wertheim’s brother; secretary of the treasury during the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration.
Mörling, Alie (?–?): art student and roommate of Elizabeth Stieglitz Davidson.
Morse, Mrs.: housekeeper for Charles and Florence Schauffler in York Beach, Maine, in the 1920s.
Mozley: landlord and agent for An American Place, 509 Madison Avenue, New York.
Muck, Karl (1859–1940): German-born conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra who was accused of treason and interned during World War I.
Mumford, Lewis (1895–1990): historian noted for his studies of cities and urban architecture; author of Sticks and Stones (1924) and The Brown Decades: A Study of the Arts in America, 1865–1895 (1931); coeditor of America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934).
Mutt, R.: see Duchamp, Marcel.
Nadelman, Elie (1882–1946): Polish-born modernist sculptor known for his figurative works; Stieglitz exhibited his sculpture in 1915–1916.
Naumburg, Margaret (Margy) (1890–1983): first wife of Waldo Frank; educator and founder of the Walden Schools.
Neumann, Elsa Schmidt (1894–1970): wife of J. B. Neumann; mosaic artist.
Neumann, Jsrael Ber (1887–1961): Austrian-born art dealer; founder and director of J. B. Neumann’s Print Room, New York, 1924, and later the New Art Circle gallery; supporter of modern artists.
Noguchi, Hideyo Seisaku (1876–1928): Japanese-born microbiologist who discovered the causative agent of syphilis.
Noguchi, Isamu (1904–1988): sculptor and landscape architect.
Norman, Andrew E. (1930–2004): son of Dorothy and Edward Norman; journalist and reporter for the Current and the Newark Star Ledger.
Norman, Dorothy Stecker (1905–1997): writer, poet, photographer, social activist, and supporter of An American Place; editor of Twice A Year; coeditor of America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934); author of Alfred Stieglitz: An American Seer (1973); Stieglitz’s lover from 1931 until his death in 1946.
Norman, Edward (1900–1955): husband of Dorothy Norman and son of the vice president of Sears, Roebuck; philanthropist.
Norman, Nancy N. (later: Lassalle) (b. 1927): daughter of Dorothy and Edward Norman; director of the School of American Ballet at Lincoln Center.
Obermeyer, Bertha (1863–?): wife of Theodore Obermeyer.
Obermeyer, Ernest (1862–1937): brother of Stieglitz’s first wife, Emmeline; husband of Henrietta; director of Obermeyer and Liebmann Breweries.
Obermeyer, Henrietta (1870–1936): wife of Ernest Obermeyer.
Obermeyer, Joseph (1865–1943): brother of Stieglitz’s first wife, Emmeline; Stieglitz’s friend in Berlin in the 1880s; partner with him in the Photochrome Engraving Company, New York, 1891–1895; director of Obermeyer and Liebmann Breweries; later beau of Stieglitz’s sister Selma.
Obermeyer, Theodore (1861–1926): brother of Stieglitz’s first wife, Emmeline.
O’Brien, Frances (1904–1990): portrait painter who briefly studied with O’Keeffe in 1926.
Of, George Ferdinand, Jr. (1876–1954): painter and frame maker who framed works for the Stieglitz artists from the early 1900s through the 1940s.
O’Keeffe, Alexis Wyckoff (1892–1930): Georgia’s brother; civil engineer and importer.
O’Keeffe, Barbara June (later: Sebring) (b. 1928): Georgia’s niece; daughter of Alexis and Elizabeth O’Keeffe; teacher, graphic designer, and painter; one of the founders of the Georgia O’Keeffe Foundation.
O’Keeffe, Claudia Ruth (Claudie) (1899–1984): Georgia’s sister; teacher and founder of a Montessori school in Beverly Hills, California.
O’Keeffe, Elizabeth Jones (Betty) (later: Duttenhofer) (1902–1967): wife of Georgia’s brother Alexis and mother of Barbara June and John.
O’Keeffe, Francis Calixtus (1853–1918): Georgia’s father; farmer; grocery and feed store owner; purveyor of concrete blocks; owner of a creamery; building inspector.
O’Keeffe, Francis Calixtus, Jr. (1885–1959): Georgia’s brother; architect.
O’Keeffe, Ida Ten Eyck (1889–1961): Georgia’s sister; nurse and painter.
O’Keeffe, Ida Ten Eyck Totto (1864–1916): Georgia’s mother.
O’Keeffe, John Robert (1930–1951): Georgia’s nephew; son of Alexis and Elizabeth O’Keeffe.
Oppenheim, James (1888–1932): poet, novelist, and coeditor of The Seven Arts.
Orage, Alfred Richard (1873–1934): British intellectual, follower of theosophy, and translator of the writings of G. I. Gurdjieff.
Oud, Jacobus Johannes Pieter (1890–1963): Dutch architect associated with De Stijl.
Pach, Walter (1883–1958): artist, critic, and champion of modern art; one of the organizers of the 1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art at the New York Armory.
Palmer, Winthrop Bushnell (1899–1988): wife of Carleton H. Palmer, president of E. R. Squibb & Sons; collector of O’Keeffe’s paintings.
Parrish, Maxfield (1870–1966): painter and illustrator.
Pascin, Jules (1885–1930): Bulgarian-born modernist painter who lived in America from 1914 to 1920.
Peck, Gordon C., M.D. (1893?–1949): dentist who lived in Glens Falls, New York.
Pemberton, Murdock (1888–1982): art critic for The New Yorker from 1925 to 1932 and during the 1950s and 1960s.
Pharmer, George (1895–1969): Lake George resident.
Phillips, Duncan (1886–1966): collector of modern art; founder of the Phillips Memorial Art Gallery in Washington, D.C., 1920 (later: The Phillips Collection); important supporter of the Stieglitz artists.
Phillips, Marjorie Acker (1894–1985): wife of Duncan Phillips; collector of modern art; painter.
Picabia, Francis (1879–1953): French-Spanish-Cuban modernist artist associated with Dadaism and surrealism; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1913, 1915, and 1928 and reproduced it in Camera Work and 291; cofounder of the Modern Gallery, 1915–1918, which exhibited modern European and American art.
Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973): Spanish modernist painter and sculptor celebrated for founding cubism; Stieglitz exhibited his highly influential work in 1911 and 1914–1915 and reproduced it in Camera Work.
Pollet, Joseph (1897–1979): German-born realist painter.
Pollitzer, Aline (1896–1991): cousin of O’Keeffe’s friend Anita Pollitzer; child welfare advocate.
Pollitzer, Anita (1894–1975): art student with O’Keeffe at Teachers College, Columbia University; active member of the National Woman’s Party.
Pollitzer, Sigmund, M.D. (1859–1937): uncle of O’Keeffe’s friend Anita Pollitzer; dermatologist and head of the American Dermatological Association.
Porter, Fairfield (1907–1975): modernist painter.
Prosser, Margaret (1899?–1970): Canadian-born housekeeper for the Stieglitz family at Lake George from 1927 to 1946.
Prosser, Frank (Buckie, Frankie) (b. 1923): son of Margaret and Frank Prosser.
Putnam, Lewis L. (1878–?): caretaker for the Stieglitz family at Lake George.
Putnam, Ruth Lillian (1912–?): daughter of Lewis Putnam; secretary.
Quinn, John (1870–1924): attorney and art patron; one of the organizers of the 1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art at the New York Armory; an early collector of modernist paintings.
Raleigh, Holly MacDonald (1907–?): wife of the illustrator Henry Raleigh, who was a supporter of Dove’s work.
Rapp, Marie: see Boursault, Marie Rapp.
Rauh, Ida (1877–1970): wife of Max Eastman; feminist, socialist, poet, sculptor, and actress; founding member of the Provincetown Players.
Ravagli, Angelo (Captain) (1891–1976): Italian officer who was Frieda Lawrence’s companion after the death of D. H. Lawrence and the manager of her ranch in Taos; they married in 1950.
Read, Helen Appleton (1887–1974): art critic for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle; associate editor of Vogue.
Reber, Gottlieb Friedrich, M.D. (1880–1959): Swiss art collector who acquired many works by Picasso.
Reed, Alma Marie Sullivan (1889–1966): journalist; founder of the Delphic Studio, New York, which exhibited work by Mexican artists.
Reed, John Silas (Jack) (1887–1920): journalist and poet; founding member of the Communist Labor Party; author of Ten Days That Shook the World (1919), a firsthand account of the Bolshevik Revolution.
Reeves, Herman (1892–?): brother of Thomas Reeves and O’Keeffe’s friend in Canyon, Texas, 1916–1918.
Reeves, Luella (1890–1975): wife of Thomas Reeves and O’Keeffe’s friend in Canyon, Texas, 1916–1918.
Reeves, Thomas Vinseno (1883–1979): Randall Country district clerk in 1916–1917; husband of Luella Reeves and O’Keeffe’s friend in Canyon, Texas, in 1916–1918.
Rehn, Frank K. M. (1886–1956): employee at the Milch Galleries; owner and founder of the Rehn Galleries, New York, 1918–1981, which exhibited America art.
Reid, James Warren (Ted) (1895–1983): senior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917; O’Keeffe’s beau in 1917 and 1918; teacher, school superintendent, and coordinator of veterans’ affairs.
Reid, John W. (1866–1947): professor of chemistry and physics and head of the chemistry department at West Texas State Normal College from 1910 to 1922; Texas state senator from 1925 to 1929.
Reid, Ruby: see Fowler, Ruby.
Reinhardt, Mary Woodward (later: Lasker) (1900–1994): art dealer and with her husband, Paul Reinhardt, director of the Reinhardt Gallery, New York; advocate for medical research and founder of the Lasker Foundation.
Reinhardt, Paul (1889–1945): art dealer and, with his wife, Mary, director of the Reinhardt Gallery, New York.
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste (1841–1919): French impressionist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910.
Rhoades, Elizabeth (1857–?): mother of Katherine N. Rhoades.
Rhoades, Katharine Nash (1885–1965): painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1915 and reproduced in 291; employee at the Freer Gallery of Art in the 1920s.
Richards, Vincent (1903–1959): champion tennis player.
Ringel, Frederick Julius (1904–1976): author and a contributor to America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934).
Ritchie, George (1900–?): nephew of Jennie Ritchie; student at West Texas State Normal College.
Ritchie, Jennie C. (1870–1944): instructor and professor of English at West Texas State Normal College from 1910 to 1941.
Rivera, Diego (1886–1957): husband of Frida Kahlo; Mexican modernist painter celebrated for his politically charged murals.
Rivera, Frida: see Kahlo, Frida.
Rockefeller, Abby Aldrich (1874–1948): wife of John D. Rockefeller II; collector of modern American and European art; founder of the Museum of Modern Art.
Rockefeller, John Davidson, Jr. (1874–1960): heir of Standard Oil industrialist John D. Rockefeller; philanthropist; developer of Rockefeller Center.
Rodakiewicz, Erla (1872–?): Polish-born mother of Henwar Rodakiewicz.
Rodakiewicz, Henwar (1903–1976): fourth husband of Marie Garland; later married Margaret Plummer Bok; writer, director, and filmmaker.
Rodin, Auguste (1840–1917): French sculptor and draftsman celebrated for his expressive figurative works; Stieglitz exhibited his art in 1908 and 1910 and reproduced it in Camera Work.
Rolanda, Rosa (1897–1962): wife of New Yorker artist Miguel Covarrubias; modern dancer, painter, and photographer.
Rönnebeck, Arnold (1885–1957): German-born modernist sculptor, painter, and printmaker.
Rosen, Isadore, M.D. (1881–1974): chief of dermatology at Mt. Sinai Hospital; Stieglitz’s dermatologist for many years.
Rosenfeld, Paul (Paul Minuit) (1890–1946): journalist and music critic; editor of The Seven Arts, author of Port of New York: Essays on Fourteen American Moderns (1924), and coeditor of America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934); loyal champion of the Stieglitz artists.
Ross, Cary (1903–1950?): Yale-educated poet; assistant to Alfred Barr at the Museum of Modern Art; director of small gallery in his home in New York City.
Ross, Eliza Mills McClung (Lydia) (1883–1965?): mother of Cary Ross.
Rothafel, Samuel Lionel (Roxy) (1882–1936): manager of the Strand, Rialto, Rivoli, and Roxy theaters; opening manager for Radio City Music Hall.
Rousseau, Henri (1844–1910): French primitive painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910.
Rubin, Samuel (1901–1978): Russian-born founder of the Fabergé perfume company; philanthopist; a founder of the American Symphony Orchestra.
Rudge, William Edwin (1876–1931): printer, typographer, and publisher.
Rugg, Harold Ordway (1886–1960): professor of education at Teachers College, Columbia University; coeditor of America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934).
Russell, Arthur William Bertrand (1872–1953): British philosopher, author, historian, and advocate of social reform.
Ryder, Albert Pinkham (1847–1917): painter whose visionary work influenced many American modernist painters.
Sachs, Maurice (Ettinghausen) (1906–1945): French writer and art dealer.
Sam: Leah Harris’s friend in San Antonio in 1918.
Sanborn, Frank B. (1831–1917): abolitionist; friend and biographer of John Brown, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau.
Sanborn, Louisa A. (1834–?): wife of Frank Sanborn.
Sanger, Margaret Higgins (1879–1966): birth-control advocate; founder of the American Birth Control League (later Planned Parenthood).
Santayana, George (1863–1952): Spanish-born philosopher and author.
Sarter, Emilie (1893–1976): art critic; manager of concerts, lectures, and art exhibits.
Sayer, Evelyn (1892–1963?): author of a review on O’Keeffe’s 1916 exhibition at 291.
Schamberg, Morton (1881–1918): modernist sculptor, painter, and photographer.
Schauffler, Bennet F. (1893–1979): son of Florence and Charles Schauffler; husband of Marjorie; attorney and director of the National Labor Relations Board.
Schauffler, Charles E. (1865–1936): husband of Florence Schauffler; father of Allan, Henry, Bennet, Leslie, Goodrich, and Charles; civil engineer.
Schauffler, Florence M. (1867–1964): wife of Charles Schauffler; mother of Allan, Henry, Bennet, Leslie, Goodrich, and Charles; hosted O’Keeffe and Stieglitz on their visits to York Beach, Maine, in the 1920s.
Schauffler, Katharine K. (1898–1983): wife of Leslie Schauffler.
Schauffler, Leslie R. (1895–1970): son of Charles and Florence Schauffler and husband of Katharine.
Schauffler, Marjorie (Margie) (1897–1983): wife of Bennet Schauffler and mother of Richard.
Schauffler, Richard (Dick) (1921–1990): son of Bennet and Marjorie Schauffler.
Schmeling, Maximillian Adolph Otto Siegfried (Max) (1905–2005): German boxer; Heavyweight Champion of the World, 1930 and 1932; later fought Joe Louis.
Schroder, Miss (?–?): part of the “291 marriage”; married the poet Turner.
Schubart, Dorothy Obermeyer (1893–1985): wife of Stieglitz’s nephew William Howard; painter.
Schubart, Louis H. (1862?–1927): college friend of Stieglitz’s; husband of his sister Selma; father of William.
Schubart, Selma Stieglitz (1871–1957): Alfred’s sister; daughter of Edward and Hedwig Stieglitz; wife of Louis Schubart; mother of William.
Schubart, William Howard (1892–1953): son of Alfred’s sister Selma and Louis H. Schubart; banker; partner of Lazard Frères and Company; adviser to O’Keeffe.
Schwab, Arthur (1882–1966): director of Hammersley Manufacturing; with his wife, Edna Bryner, a collector and supporter of Stieglitz and his artists.
Schwab, Edna: see Bryner, Edna (Teddy).
Scott: agriculture teacher from Georgia who was a friend of O’Keeffe’s in 1915–1916.
Scott, Cyril Kay (born: Frederick Creighton Wellman) (Cyril Meir Scott) (1879–1960): British composer, anthropologist, journalist, economist, and author.
Seligmann, Herbert J. (1891–1984): writer for the New Republic and the New York Evening Post; close friend of Stieglitz’s in the 1920s.
Seligmann, Lilias Hazewell MacLane (1893–1964): wife of Herbert Seligmann; dancer.
Sessions, Roger Huntington (1896–1985): composer, critic, and music teacher.
Severini, Gino (1883–1966): Italian futurist painter whose work Stieglitz showed in 1917.
Sheeler, Charles (1883–1965): modernist painter and photographer celebrated for his cityscapes and views of American industry.
Shirley, Douglas Alfred (1882–1949): professor of physics at West Texas State Normal College, 1913–1949; dean of the college, 1923–1949; O’Keeffe’s landlord, 1917–1918.
Shirley, Louise (1915–2006): daughter of Willena and Douglas Shirley; teacher.
Shirley, Willena (1886–1975): wife of Douglas Shirley; O’Keeffe’s landlord in Canyon, Texas.
Signac, Paul (1863–1935): French postimpressionist painter.
Silverberg, William V. (1897–1967): psychoanalyst and founder of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis.
Simonson, Lee (1888–1967): architect, painter, and set designer for the Provincetown Players.
Sisley, Alfred (1839–1899): French impressionist painter of English descent.
Sloan, John French (1871–1951): painter; member of The Eight; a leading figure in the Ashcan School of painters; known for his urban genre paintings.
Sloan, Tod (1874–1933): jockey who popularized the Monkey Crouch, a forward-seat style of riding; known for his flamboyant lifestyle.
Small, Hannah (1903–1992): Alfred’s cousin; great-granddaughter of Edward Stieglitz’s sister Zerlina.
Small, Herbert (1881–1931): Alfred’s cousin; son of Hedwig Stieglitz’s younger sister Ida.
Smedley, William (1899?–1968?): commercial photographer who photographed works of art for Stieglitz.
Smith, Pamela Colman (1878–1951): British-born artist, illustrator, and writer whose drawings Stieglitz showed at 291 in 1907, 1908, and 1909.
Smith, Polly Gertrude (Gertie) (?–?): student at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Speicher, Eugene (1888–1962): portrait and landscape painter; student with O’Keeffe at the Art Students League in 1907 and 1908.
Spencer, Niles (1893–1952): precisionist painter.
Sportsman, Beverly B. (1896–1962?): a senior at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1917.
Stafford, Benjamin Alvis (Fatty Latin; Latin) (1892–1930): Latin professor at West Texas State Normal College, 1910–1925; O’Keeffe briefly boarded with him and his family in 1916.
Stearns, Katherine Stieglitz (Kitty) (1898–1971): Alfred and Emmeline’s daughter; wife of Milton Sprague Stearns; after the birth of her son, Milton Sprague Stearns, Jr., she was institutionalized for the rest of her life.
Stearns, Milton Sprague (1893–1957): Katherine Stieglitz’s husband.
Stearns, Milton Sprague, Jr. (b. 1923): son of Katherine and Milton Stearns; manufacturer and financial consultant.
Steichen, Clara Smith (1875–1952): first wife of Edward Steichen, mother of Kate and Mary.
Steichen, Edward (1879–1973): pictorial photographer and painter known for his portraits, landscapes, and cityscapes; organized many exhibitions of European modernist art at 291; Stieglitz exhibited his photographs at 291 yearly from 1906 through 1910 and reproduced them in Camera Work; Stieglitz disapproved of Steichen’s work for Vanity Fair in the 1920s and 1930s; they later reconciled.
Steichen, Kate Rodina (1908–1988): daughter of Edward and Clara Steichen; administrative assistant at Doubleday Publishing Company.
Steichen, Mary, M.D. (later: Calderone) (1904–1998): daughter of Edward and Clara; physician and public health advocate.
Stein, Gertrude (1874–1946): sister of Leo Stein; collector, champion of modern artists, and author whose writings Stieglitz published in Camera Work.
Stein, Leo (1872–1947): brother of Gertrude Stein; art collector and critic.
Stella, Joseph (1877–1946): Italian-born modernist painter; associated with futurism and precisionism.
Sterne, Maurice (1877–1957): husband of Mabel Dodge (m. 1916); modernist painter and sculptor.
Sterner, Marie (Lintott) (1880–1953): art dealer who worked at Knoedler & Co. and then opened the Marie Sterner Gallery, which exhibited modern art.
Stettheimer, Carrie Walter (1878–1944): one of three Stettheimer sisters; hostess who organized their celebrated soirées; creator of dollhouse replica of their home.
Stettheimer, Florine (Florrie) (1874–1944): one of three Stettheimer sisters; painter celebrated for her portraits of New York’s literati.
Stettheimer, Henriette Walter (Ettie; Henri Waste) (1875–1955): one of three Stettheimer sisters; writer celebrated for her witty conversation.
Stevens, Frances Simpson (1894–1976): painter associated with the Italian Futurists.
Stevenson, Philip Theodore (1896–1965): author and playwright.
Stieglitz, Amanda Liebman Hoff (1873–1938): Leopold Stieglitz’s second wife.
Stieglitz, Edward (1833–1909): German-born husband of Hedwig; father of Alfred, Flora, Julius, Leopold, Agnes, and Selma; successful importer of wool; amateur painter.
Stieglitz, Elizabeth: see Davidson, Elizabeth.
Stieglitz, Elizabeth Stieffel (Lizzie) (1865–1955): Leopold Stieglitz’s first wife; mother of Elizabeth Stieglitz Davidson and Flora B. Straus.
Stieglitz, Emmeline Obermeyer (Emmy) (1873–1953): Alfred’s first wife; mother of Katherine; sister of Ernest, Joseph, and Theodore Obermeyer.
Stieglitz, Hedwig (1844–1922): German-born wife of Edward; mother of Alfred, Flora, Julius, Leopold, Agnes, and Selma.
Stieglitz, Julius Oscar (1867–1937): Alfred’s brother; renowned chemist; head of the chemistry department at the University of Chicago.
Stieglitz, Katherine (Kitty): see Stearns, Katherine.
Stieglitz, Leopold (Lee), M.D. (1867–1956): Alfred’s brother; married to Elizabeth and Amanda; father of Elizabeth Stieglitz Davidson and Flora B. Straus; physician to many leading New York families.
Stix, Erma Kingsbacker (1884–?): St. Louis collector of O’Keeffe’s paintings.
Storrs, John (1885–1956): modernist sculptor.
Storrs, Marguerite De Ville Chabrol (1881–1959): French wife of the painter John Storrs; writer.
Stovel, Rex (?–?): Canadian-born playright, actor, and butler whose writings Stieglitz published in Camera Work.
Strand, Paul (1890–1976): modernist photographer and filmmaker known for his portraits, cityscapes, and landscapes; Stieglitz exhibited his work in 1916, 1925, 1929, and 1932 and reproduced it in Camera Work; disciple, supporter, and close friend of Stieglitz and O’Keeffe from the early 1910s to 1932, when Strand severed their relationship.
Strand, Rebecca Salsbury (Beck) (later: James) (1891–1968): daughter of the self-proclaimed creator of Barnum and Bailey’s “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show” wife of Paul Strand; close friend of O’Keeffe’s and Stieglitz’s from the early 1920s through the early 1930s; secretary and painter.
Stránský, Joseph (1872–1936): Czech-born conductor of the New York City Philharmonic, 1911–1923.
Straus, Ann Elizabeth (later: Gertler) (b. 1922): daughter of Flora and Hugh Grant Straus; granddaughter of Alfred’s brother’s Leopold.
Straus, Flora Stieglitz (1895–1994): Alfred’s niece; daughter of Leopold and Elizabeth Stieglitz.
Straus, Hugh Grant (1890–1961): Flora Stieglitz Grant’s husband; Leopold Stieglitz’s son-in-law.
Straus, Hugh Grant Jr. (1915–1990): son of Flora and Hugh Grant Straus, grandson of Alfred’s brother Leopold.
Straus, Virginia Babette (1925–2001): daughter of Flora and Hugh Grant Straus; granddaughter of Alfred’s brother Leopold.
Swim, Bobby (?–?): jockey who won the 1876 Kentucky Derby on Aristides, owned by William Astor, Jr.
Sykes, Gerald (1903–1984): author, philosopher, and critic; friend of Dorothy Norman’s.
Taylor, Will Douglas (1898–1997?): student at West Texas State Normal College, 1916–1918.
Terrill, Frances Dobbins (1880–1963): wife of Reuben Terrill; O’Keeffe’s friend from 1916 to 1918.
Terrill, Reuben Aubrey (1875–1940): editor of the Randall County News; member of the local board of trustees of West Texas State Normal College; head of the industrial arts department at West Texas State Normal College; O’Keeffe’s friend from 1916 to 1918.
Tilden, William (1893–1953): tennis champion.
Tofel, Jennings (1891–1959): Polish-born painter.
Tofel, Pearl (1905–?): wife of Jennings Tofel.
Toomer, Jean (1894–1967): husband of Margery Latimer (m. 1931); husband of Marjorie Content (m. 1934); author of Cane (1923); contributor to America and Alfred Stieglitz (1934); close friend of O’Keeffe’s in 1933.
Torök, Ervin, M.D. (1877–1947): Hungarian-born New York ophthalmologist; Stieglitz’s doctor for many years.
Torr, Helen (Reds) (1886–1967): second wife of Arthur Dove (m. 1932); painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1933.
Totto, Alletta (Ollie) (1856–1958): Georgia’s maternal aunt.
Totto, Charles Wyckoff (1912–1974): Georgia’s cousin; son of Leonore and Alletta Totto’s brother Charles; attorney.
Totto, Leonore (Lola) (1867–1938): Georgia’s maternal aunt.
Trask, Katrina (1853–1922): wife of Spencer Trask; poet and philanthropist; founder of the artists’ retreats Amitola on Lake George and Yaddo in Saratoga, New York.
Trask, Spencer (1844–1909): husband of Katrina Trask; New York financier and philanthropist; founder of the artists’ retreats Amitola on Lake George and Yaddo in Saratoga, New York.
Traubel, Horace (1858–1919): poet and biographer of Walt Whitman.
True, Dorothy (later: Palmer; Crockett) (1893–1970?): O’Keeffe’s friend at the Art Students League in New York from 1907 to 1908 and at Columbia Teachers College from 1914 to 1915; painter.
Turner (?–?): young poet who frequently visited 291 in 1916 and 1917; part of the “291 marriage”; married Miss Schroder.
Tyrrell, Ethel Louise (1893–1985?): daughter of Henry Tyrrell; art educator, furniture designer, and potter.
Tyrrell, Henry (?–?): art critic for the Christian Science Monitor and the New York World.
Vanderbilt, Muriel (1902–1982): socialite and childhood playmate of Katherine Stieglitz.
Vanderbilt, William K. (1907–1933): scion of the Vanderbilt family and brother of Muriel.
Van Gogh, Vincent (1853–1890): French postimpressionist painter whose work Stieglitz reproduced in Camera Work.
Van Vechten, Carl (1880–1964): writer, photographer, and patron of the Harlem Renaissance; literary executor of Gertrude Stein.
Varney, Jane Wyckoff Totto (Jennie; Auntie) (1833–1918): Georgia’s maternal great aunt; wife of Erza; took care of Georgia and her siblings.
Varnum, Fred (1854?–1924): caretaker for the Stieglitz family in Lake George for more than thirty years.
Walcott, Mary Vaux (1860–1940): wife of Charles D. Walcott, secretary of the Smithsonian Museum; painter.
Walker, Robert (1894–1940): New Mexican painter and poet whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1936.
Walkowitz, Abraham (1878–1965): modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1913, 1913–1914, and 1916–1917, and reproduced in Camera Work.
Warburg, Edward Mortimer Morris (Eddie) (1908–1992): philanthropist; founder of the Harvard Society for Contemporary Art, the American Ballet, and the Museum of Modern Art, where he was a trustee.
Watkins, Kindred Marion (Watson; Murray) (1887–1952): friend of O’Keeffe’s in 1917–1918; worked at Connell Motor Company in Amarillo.
Watson, Gordon (?–?): professor of education at Teachers College, Columbia University.
Weber, Max (1881–1961): Polish-born modernist painter whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1910 and 1911.
Weichsel, John (1870–1946): physician, critic, and founder of the People’s Art Guild, 1915–1918, an artists’ cooperative.
Weir, Julian Alden (1852–1919): impressionist painter.
Wells, Cady (1904–1954): Taos painter.
Wertheim, Alma Morgenthau (later: Weiner) (1887–1953): with her first husband, Maurice, supporter of Stieglitz and his artists.
Wertheim, Anne Rebe (later: Langman; Simon; Werner) (1914–1996): daughter of Alma and Maurice; magazine writer and environmentalist.
Wertheim, Maurice (1886–1950): with first wife, Alma, supporter of Stieglitz and his artists; New York investment banker; owner of The Nation.
Weyhe, Erhard (1883–1972): German-born book dealer; founder of the Weyhe Gallery, New York.
White, Clarence H. (1871–1925): pictorial photographer known for his portraits and figurative works; member of the Photo-Secession whose work Stieglitz exhibited in 1906 and reproduced in Camera Work; founder and director of the Clarence H. White School of Modern Photography, 1914–1925.
Whitney, Gertrude Vanderbilt (1875–1942): sculptor, art patron, and collector; founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art in 1931.
Williams, Edith Clifford (1885–1971): painter who exhibited in the Society of Independent Artists Exhibitions, 1917–1919.
Wilson, Francis Vaux (1874–1938): painter and illustrator.
Worden, Edwin J. (?–?): member of the Caldwell, New York, board of supervisors; owner of the Hotel Lake George.
Wrather, James Rufus, M.D. (1866–1956): physician in practice with Dr. Robert McMeans, Amarillo, Texas, who treated O’Keeffe in 1918.
Wright, Frank Lloyd (1867–1959): architect and writer; leader of the Prairie style of architecture; teacher and founder of Taliesin East, in Green Spring, Wisconsin, and Taliesin West, in Scottsdale, Arizona.
Wright, Olga Ivanovna Milanoff (Olgivanna; Olga) (1897–1985): third wife of Frank Lloyd Wright.
Wright, Stanton Macdonald: see Macdonald-Wright, Stanton.
Wright, Willard Huntington (S. S. Van Dine) (1888–1929): artist and critic; author of Modern Painting (1915) and The Future of Painting (1923); also a mystery writer.
Young, Anita Natalie (1891–1985): Georgia’s sister and wife of Robert Young.
Young, Ella (1867–1956): Irish poet, political activist, and mystic; visited Mabel Dodge Luhan in 1929.
Young, Robert R. (Bob) (1898–1958): husband of Georgia’s sister Anita; financier; chairman of the board of the Allegheny Corporation and the New York Central Railroad.
Zigrosser, Carl (1891–1975): founder and director of the E. Weyhe Gallery, New York, from 1919 to 1940; later curator of prints, drawings, and rare books at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Zoeller, Louis, M.D. (1876–1945): veterinarian and resident of Waring, Texas; O’Keeffe’s neighbor in 1918.
Zoler, Emil (1878–1959): artist, anarchist, and member of the Wobblies; helped Stieglitz at his galleries from 1909 through the mid-1930s.
Zorach, William (1887–1966): modernist sculptor, painter, and printmaker.
Biographical Dictionary
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