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Index
Benjamin Anderson
Description: Cosmos and Community in Early Medieval Art
Cosmos and Community in Early Medieval Art
Index
Author
Benjamin Anderson
PublisherYale University Press
Copyright© 2017 by Benjamin Anderson
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00034.011
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-18025
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Index
Page numbers in italic type indicate illustrations.
Aachen Council, 92
Aachen Encyclopedia, 78–79, 88, 92–98, 101, 103–5, 147
Abu l-ʿAsi, 69
Abu’l-Fazl, 2
Ado of Vienne, 35
ʿAdud al-Dawla, 146
Akbar (Mughal emperor), 2
Alcuin of York, 41, 55, 59, 63, 70, 145
Alexios Komnenos, 137
Annals of St-Bertin, 56–57
Anno, Archbishop of Cologne, 53
Antiochene cosmology, 127, 128, 129, 132, 134–35, 137–38, 140
antipodes, 131–32, 131, 134, 147
Aquarius, 94, 100, 101, 121, 122, 123
Aratean cycle, 78–79, 88–89, 98, 102, 109, 114, 143, 147
Aratus, 46, 57, 78, 107, 109
Phaenomena, 86, 140, 141, 142–43, 142
Aries, 118, 119, 123
Arn of Salzburg, 102–3
astrology, 1–3, 5–6. See also zodiacs
astronomical imagery. See cosmological imagery
Avienus, 86, 140
Bahram Chobin, 21, 25
Balʿami, 22–23, 154n28
Basil of Caesarea, 135, 140
Bavarian compendia, 98–105, 148
Bede, Venerable, 59, 78, 79, 88, 92
De natura rerum, 88, 93
De temporum ratione, 86, 98
Benedict of Nursia, Saint, 53
Benedict VIII, Pope, 52
Benjamin, Walter, 2–3
Bernard of Italy, 57–58
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, Cathedra Petri, 18 (detail), 36, 38. See also Cathedra Petri
Bodleian manuscript (Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ms. Auct. F. 3. 25), 107, 108
Boll, Franz, 11
Book of Ceremonies, 126
Boötes, 67, 68, 90, 96
Borst, Arno, 78, 79, 92, 98, 102, 104
Byzantine emperor tondo (Dumbarton Oaks), 47–48, 48, 71
Byzantium: and cosmocracy, 14, 34, 71, 147
cosmological imagery in, 107–41
dissensus in cosmological imagery from, 17, 114, 138, 140
imperial universalism in, 34
capellae, Carolingian, 97
Capricorn, 94, 122
Carolingian state: cosmological consensus in, 17
cosmological imagery in manuscripts of, 78–105
splendor and tyranny in, 34–43
Cassius Dio, 1–2, 146
Cathedra Petri, 17, 20, 36–42, 40, 41, 147. See also Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, Cathedra Petri
Cepheus, 97
Charlemagne, 34, 41, 46, 55–59, 70–71, 88, 92–93, 97, 145
Charlemagne’s silver table, 17, 35, 45–46, 55–59, 63, 165n57
Charles the Bald, 35, 39–40, 56–57, 97
Charles the Younger, 57
Choirosphaktes, Leo, 143, 145
Christopher of Mitylene, 114
Cloth of the Ewaldi, ii (detail), 73, 74, 75 (detail), 76 (detail), 77
Cologne manuscript (Diözesanund Dombibliothek, Hs. 83 II), 86–88, 87, 88, 92, 93, 95, 103–5
community: cosmological imagery and, 78, 105, 146–47
feelings of belonging to, 2–3
Great Mosque of Damascus as image of, 33
in Kiefer painting, 3–5
in Roman imperium, 1–2
solitude in relation to, 1–9
theme of, 2–5, 16–17
computus and computistical manuscripts, 78–79, 83, 86, 92–93, 98
Constantine I (Roman emperor), 41
Corona, 91, 95, 109
cosmocracy: ambivalence about, 43, 45
Byzantine rule and, 14, 34, 71, 147
characteristics of, 70
Charlemagne’s silver table and, 58, 63
Christianity and, 20
in Ottonian empire, 52
visual representations of, 14, 16, 20, 39, 45–47
cosmological imagery: in Aachen Encyclopedia, 98
in Bavarian compendia, 101–3
in Byzantium, 107–41
in Carolingian manuscripts, 78–105
of Cathedra Petri, 39–41
changes in, 8–9
on Charlemagne’s silver table, 55–59
on Cloth of the Ewaldi, 73–74
context of, 13–15
dissensus in, from Byzantium, 17, 114, 138, 140
interpretation of, 12–13
knowledge transmission through, 2, 13, 15–16
mediating function of, 5, 9, 12–15, 54, 71, 147
medieval vs. ancient, 6
political significance of, 3, 13–16, 71
popularity of, 74, 77
at Qusayr ʿAmra, 67, 69
relation of particular to universal in, 104, 123
scholarly approaches to, 9–16
separate traditions of, 8
shared identity forged through, 78, 105, 146–47
spherical vs. oblong, 127–40
on Star Mantle of Henry II, 51–53
on Throne of Khosrow, 23–24, 26. See also zodiacs
Cygnus, 95, 100, 101
Damascus, Umayyad Mosque. See Great Mosque of Damascus
Darmstadt manuscript (Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, Hs. 684), 83, 85, 85
Days of Jayrun, 28–29
death, predicted dates of, 2
Denkraum (space for reflection), 11–13
Draco, 91
Drogo, Bishop of Metz, 97
Drogo Sacramentary, 94
Einhard, 55–58, 145
Eisler, Robert, 54
Ellwangen casket, 35, 37
emperors. See rulers
epact tables, 119, 120, 121
Epitaph of Pope Hadrian, 41, 42
Eratosthenes, 107
Eriugena, John Scotus “Aulae siderae,” 160n120
essentialism, 148–49
Estey, F. N., 165n57
Euw, Anton von, 88
Ewald the Dark, 73
Ewald the Fair, 73
Exaltatio Crucis (feast), 34–35
Farazdaq, 29, 69, 70
Fenix, 91
Ferdowsi, Abu’l-Qasem, 19, 22, 154n28
Frankish state. See Carolingian state
Frederick II Hohenstaufen, 8
Fulco, 97
Fulda manuscript (Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, F III 15a), 79–81, 80, 82, 83, 85, 89, 103–5, 169n15
Gemini, 118, 119, 121–22, 142, 143
George of Pisidia, 21, 145
Germanicus, 86, 140
Glykas, Michael, 138
Gold medallion with triumphant emperor (Louvre), 123, 125
Gold solidus of Maurice, 123, 124
Gold solidus of Theodosius III, 123, 125
Gombrich, Ernst, 12
Gorgon, 102
Grabar, Oleg, 45
Great Mosque of Damascus, 17, 20, 28–34, 30, 31, 43, 147
Great Mosque of Rusafa, 30, 31
Greek Anthology, 58
Gregoras, Nikephoros, 107
Gregory, Bishop of Tours, 5, 77
De cursu stellarum, 89
Group of the Coronation Gospels, 94
Hadrian, Pope, 41
Hamilton, Robert, 67
Handy Tables of Ptolemy, 7 (detail), 109, 110, 114–15, 116–20, 117–19, 121–22, 122, 124, 143
Helios, 123
Helix, 91
Henry II (Holy Roman emperor), 52–53
Henry III (Holy Roman emperor), 53
Herakleios, 20, 21, 22, 25–26, 145
Hercules, 36, 39, 86–87, 87, 90, 91,95, 95, 107
Herodian, 1
Herzfeld, Ernst, 13, 155n39
Hildebald, Archbishop of Cologne, 86, 88, 92, 97, 102
Hilduin, 97
Hisham ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, 30, 66
Hitler salute, 4
holy war, 21
Hormozd IV, 21
hubris. See tyranny and hubris
Hugh, Arch-chancellor, 97
Husayn ibn ʿAli, 28, 34
Ibn al-Zubayr, 28
Ibn ʿAsakir, 32, 33
Ibn Jubayr, 30
iconoclasm, 6, 135
imperial universalism. See cosmocracy
Irene (Byzantine empress), 111
Irish computus, 79
al-Isfahani, 67
Isidore of Seville, 54, 78, 88, 98
De natura rerum, 79, 86, 88
Etymologies, 79
Istanbul Octateuch (Topkapı Sarayı, Ms. Gr. 8), 137–38, 137, 139, 144 (detail)
itinerant kingship, 69–71
ivory casket, 35, 36
Iwan Kisra, 23, 24, 27
Jamasp, 24
John II Komnenos, 111, 138
John of Psicha, Saint, 135
John VII (“the Grammarian”), Patriarch of Constantinople, 132
Jupiter, 110
Kedrenos, Georgios, 155n39
al-Khadraʾ (palace), 28
Khalid ibn al-Walid, 30
Khirbat al-Majfar, 67
Khludov Psalter (Moscow, State Historical Museum, Codex 129), 132, 133, 134
Khosrow II, 19–27, 39–40, 146
Kiefer, Anselm, Jeder Mensch steht unter seiner Himmelskugel, 3–5, 4
kings. See rulers
knowledge transmission: in Carolingian manuscripts, 103–5
Charlemagne’s silver table as vehicle for, 59, 63
through cosmological imagery, 2, 13, 15–16
Kosmas Indikopleustes, Christian Topography, 114, 127, 128–31, 130–32, 134–35, 140, 147
Kyrenia girdle, 123, 124
Laon manuscript (Bibliothèque Municipale, Ms. 422), 88–90, 90, 91, 92, 93, 102–5
Lehmann, Karl, 13–14
Leiden Aratus (Universiteitsbibliotheek, Vossianus latinus Q 79), 140, 141, 142–43, 142, 148
Leo VI (Byzantine emperor), 117, 143, 145
Liudprand of Cremona, 52
L’Orange, Hans Peter, 13–16, 20, 43, 46–48, 69–70, 148
Lothar I (Holy Roman emperor), 56
Louis the German, 103
Louis the Pious, 35, 55–58, 93, 97
Louis the Stammerer, 35
Lyra, 95, 100, 101, 102
Madrid manuscript (Biblioteca Nacional de España, Ms. 3307), 92–95, 94, 95, 98, 103–5
Magdalino, Paul, 114
Mahmud of Ghazna, 19
Majestas Domini, 50–51
Mantle of Kunigunde, 50–51, 50
Mar Aba, 130
marginal psalters, 132
Marwan I (Umayyad caliph), 69
al-Masʾudi, 145–46
Maurice (Roman emperor), 21
Meleus of Bari, 52
Methodios, Patriarch of Constantinople, 134, 179n82
Metochites, Theodore, 107
minbar, 27–28
monastic handbooks, 79–85, 103–5
Mondsee, 173n96
Monte Cassino chasuble, 53, 54
Monza manuscript (Biblioteca Capitolare, F IX 176), 92, 95–97, 103–5
Muʿawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, 28
Muhammad, Prophet, 6, 21–22, 27
Munich manuscript (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 210), 7, 7 (detail), 59, 62, 63, 72 (detail), 98, 99, 100, 101–5, 169n15
al-Muqaddasi, 32, 63
Musil, Alois, 63
al-Nabigha al-Shaibani, 32–33
Nero’s Golden Hall, 14, 47
Nicene Creed, 92
Nikephoros I, Patriarch of Constantinople, 20, 22–23, 25–26, 155n39
Panagia Gorgoepikoos, Athens, 112, 113, 113
Pankratios (astrologer), 115, 117, 126
Panofsky, Erwin, 10–11, 143
Pantokrator Monastery, Istanbul, 111, 111, 113
Perseus, 95, 95, 100, 101, 102
Peter, Saint, 36, 41
Peter the Deacon, “Graphia-Libellus,” 54
Peter the Philosopher, 138
Phokas (Roman emperor), 21
Photios, Patriarch, 132, 135, 179n82
Pilgrim, Archbishop of Cologne, 53
Pingree, David, 115
Pippin of Italy, 57, 70
Pisces, 122
Plato, 16
Pliny, Natural History, 93
political significance, of cosmological imagery, 3, 13–16, 71
Pseudo-Bede, De signis caeli, 89–90
Ptolemy, Geography, 115. See also Handy Tables of Ptolemy
quadriga mundi (chariot of the world), 70–71
Qurʾan, 20, 22, 29, 31, 32, 33
Qusayr ʿAmra, 63–69
caldarium, cupola, viii (detail), 7, 7 (detail), 17, 45–46, 47, 67–69, 68
exterior, 64
political function of, 68–69, 71
reception hall, 64–66, 65, 66
Raphael, 9
Regensburg protest letter, 79
Reversio sanctae crucis, 22–23, 25–26, 34–35, 39
Revised Aratus Latinus, 86–88, 89, 90, 93
Richildis (Frankish queen), 35
Riegl, Alois, 9–10
Ripoll map, 59, 60–61, 165n72
Roman-Persian War, 21–22, 26
royal canon, 115
rulers: as experts, 143, 145–47
itinerant, 69–71
portraiture of, 6
solitude of, 2–3, 16
Saʿd ibn Abi Waqqas, 27
Sagittarius, 7, 7
Saint-Denis manuscript (Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Reginensis latinus 309), 92, 95, 96, 97, 103–5
Saint-Quentin manuscript (Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vaticanus latinus 645), 92, 95–97, 97, 102–5
Sanctuary of the Great Gods, Samothrace, 13–14
Saxl, Fritz, 10–11, 14, 15
Seetzen, Ulrich, 64
Semper, Gottfried, 74
Septimius Severus, 1–3, 146
Severianos of Gabala, 127
Shirin (princess), 24
silver table. See Charlemagne’s silver table
Simokattes, Theophylaktos, 22
Smith, E. Baldwin, 45
solar diagrams, 115, 116, 121–22, 126, 140, 141, 142
solitude: community in relation to, 1–9
epistemological, 15–16, 203 143
modern, 3–4
of the ruler, 2–3, 16
theme of, 2–5, 16–17
splendor: in Great Mosque of Damascus, 32–33
limits on, to avoid hubris, 33–34
of Throne of Khosrow, 19–20, 22–23, 26–28, 35, 39, 43
Star Mantle of Henry II, 17, 44 (detail), 45–46, 46, 49–54, 49 (detail), 71, 147
St. Emmeram manuscript (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14456), 79, 81, 83, 84, 85, 89, 103–5
Stephanos of Alexandria, 115
Suetonius, 14
al-Sufi, ʿAbd al-Rahman, 111, 114, 146, 147
Book of the Fixed Stars, 77
Sufyani, 34
Sulayman (Umayyad caliph), 33
Sword of Anno, 53–54
Symeon I of Bulgaria, 143, 145
al-Tabari, 21–22, 27–28
Taqdis throne. See Throne of Khosrow
Taurus, 97, 118, 119, 123
al-Thaʿalibi, 19, 22–25, 27, 155n28
Thegan, 56, 58
Theodulf (poet), 12
Theodulf of Orléans, Bishop, 59
Theon of Alexandria: commentary on Almagest of Ptolemy, 107
commentary on Handy Tables of Ptolemy, 109, 110, 111, 145
Theophanes, 22, 115, 126
Throne of Khosrow, 13, 14, 17, 19–26, 34–35, 39, 42
Throne of Solomon, 39
True Cross, 21, 26, 43
tyranny and hubris: of Khosrow II, 20, 25–26, 35, 39–40, 42–43, 146
of Umayyads, 28, 34
ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAziz, 33
ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab, 27
ʿUmar ibn al-Walid, 68
Umayyad dynasty, 28–34, 63–69
ʿUthman (Rashidun caliph), 29
Vasari, Giorgio, 9
Vatican Kosmas (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vaticanus graecus 699), 127–38, 128–31, 148
Vatican Octateuch (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vaticanus graecus 747), 136, 137
Vatican Ptolemy (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vaticanus graecus 1291), 7, 7 (detail), 106 (detail), 107–8, 109, 114–26, 116– 20, 122, 124, 140, 142–43, 148
Vienna manuscript (Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 387), 98, 101, 101–3
Virgo, 96
al-Walid ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, 28–29, 33–34
al-Walid ibn Yazid, 46, 65–70, 145–46
Warburg, Aby, 5, 9–13, 15–16
Yaqut, 32–33
Yazid I (Umayyad caliph), 28–29, 34
Yusuf al-Maliki, 64
Zacharias, Pope, 42
zodiacs: in Byzantine art, 107, 108, 111, 111, 113–14, 118, 130
in Carolingian art, 35, 51, 53–54, 62, 73–74, 77, 78–81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 85, 140, 141
Carolingian explanations of, 59
in Islamic art, 67, 77
in Munich manuscript, 59, 62, 63
in Roman imperial art, 8