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Description: The Arab Imago: A Social History of Portrait Photography, 1860–1910
Note on Translations and Transliterations
PublisherPrinceton University Press
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00119.003
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Note on Translations and Transliterations
This book employs the Library of Congress transliteration system. I note differences in ʿayn (ʿ) and hamza (ʾ) and also transliterate the ta-marbutah as -ah unless it is in an idafa, in which case it is -at. For feminine nisbah adjectives, for example, the book uses -iyah not -iyya as in the International Journal of Middle East Studies (IJMES) transliteration system. I do not include macrons to differentiate between long and short vowels in Arabic, nor do I distinguish between qamari and shamsi letters. I contract the definite article (al-) when conjoined with a connector (e.g., wa + al = wal-, fi + al = fil-). Most transliterations are clear to readers with an even rudimentary level of Arabic. However, I also try to make indications if ambiguities exist (e.g., adab singular and adab plural).
The book deviates from this transliteration system for place names and proper names, which are given as presented in other sources. For example, Beirut, Cairo, Alexandria, and Jerusalem remain Anglophonic, and concerning proper names, Sabunji is Saboungi; Jawhariyah is Jawhariyyeh; Abdullah Frères is not ʿAbd al-Allah; and the sultans ʿAbd al-Hamid and ʿAbd al-ʿAziz are Abdülh-amid and Abdülaziz. That said, many Ottoman Turkish names remain arabicized, such as Midhat Pasha.
All translations are my own unless otherwise indicated.
Note on Translations and Transliterations
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