Index

Nevola, Fabrizio

Save Cite Share

Free

Index

Fabrizio Nevola

Siena: Constructing the Renaissance City

Index

Author

Fabrizio Nevola

PublisherYale University Press

https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00112.019

Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-19435

Index

Page numbers in italics indicate an illustration or information in a caption. Page numbers followed by n refer to a note and those followed by App. to the Appendix.

Abbadia Nuova fountain 141

Abruzzo: Antonio Piccolomini’s castles 166, 166, 167

Accarigi, Antonio di Bonaventura 198

Accarigi family 163, 185, 198

accommodation

papal court 66–7, 66

travellers 39, 124–5, 129–32

visiting dignitaries 39, 40–1, 57

Adams, Nicholas 14–15, 62, 111

‘aediles’ 100

aesthetics and civic planning 98–106

Agnolo di Pietro Buonagiunti 102

Agnolo di Ventura 16

Agostino di Cenni 184

Agostino di Iacomo 102

Alberti, Leandro: Description of Italy 116

Alberti, Leon Battista 24, 80, 117, 123

Albizzeschi, Bernardino degli 5

Alessandro di Pietro Tricerchi 126

Alfonso, Duke of Calabria 157, 165, 175

all’antica style 54

and architectural patronage of Pius II Piccolomini 79–83, 172, 173

and Cappella di Piazza 109–10

and civic style 106–8, 140

commemorative column 61, 62

and domestic architecture 103–4, 117, 121, 183

as Florentine influence 113, 142

and Francesco di Giorgio’s style 193

inscription of papal visit 70

palaces in Strada Romana 117, 121, 122, 142–3, 172

Palazzo del Magnifico 200

Palazzo Pubblico doors 106–7

Palazzo S. Galgano 133

religious architecture 135–6, 137, 138, 152

as Roman influence 142

and Roman origins 151–5

in Vecchietta’s art 111

Allegretti, Allegretto 57, 65, 67, 75, 81, 112, 205

allotments 14

Ammannati Piccolomini, Cardinal Giacomo 118

Andrea di Francio del Malizia 126

Andrea di Mino Bargagli 126

Andrea di Nanni Piccolomini 126, 128, 192

Ansano, San 151–2, 153–4

Antonio di Cecco Rosso Petrucci see Petrucci, Antonio

Antonio di Girolamo 96

aqueducts: bottini network 22–3, 22, 24

arches

ephemeral arches for papal visit 206

Gothic arches 103–4

Roman arches 135, 136, 136, 150, 150

round arches 104, 110, 143

triple arch of cathedral 144

architecture

as collaborative process 112–13

nature of ‘architects’ 111–12

stylistic development in Siena 142–5

Arco dei Malavolti 24, 50, 30, 135

Aringhieri, Alberto 181, 191

armature of Siena 12–27

‘civic armature’ 25–6

and Lorenzetti’s frescoes 12, 13, 14, 16–17, 18, 20

art

and society 12

and urban change 1

Ascoli Piceno piazza 204, 205

Averlino, Antonio 29

balconies see ballatoio demolition

Balestracci, Duccio 14, 107

Balià 158, 176, 191, 192, 197, 202

ballatoio demolition 99–100, 99, 101–2, 104, 119, 132, 185, 202

balzana see Commune: coat of arms bandits 13, 14

banking families 53, 57, 158, 186

barbers banned from piazza del Campo 92

barbican gates 15, 16–17

Barbo, Cardinal Pietro 67

Bardi family 163, 183–4

Bargali, Conte di Pietro 186

Bargali family 185

Barili, Antonio 201

Bartolo di Fredi: Capella di Piazza design 21–2, 21, 109, 110

Bartolomeo della Massa 70, 71–2

Baxandall, Michael 12

beasts of burden tax 17

Beccafumi, Domenico 206

decorative design for Palazzo Borghesi 162, 163, 184, 200

S. Bernardino Preaching on the Campo 1, 2–3, 3

view of Siena from the south-west 48

Benassi, Angelo 190

Benassi family 185, 186, 189

bene comune concept 6, 7, 9, 19, 20

Benedetto da Maiano 142

Benetti Bertoldo, Paola 86

Benvenuto di Giovanni: Good Government 8, 9

Benvoglienti, Bartolomeo 94, 116, 136

De urbis Senae 149–51, 150, 152, 154–5, 159

Bernardino da Siena, San viii, 1–3, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12, 125

on Campo as heart of city 91

on ‘lost’ pilgrims 128–9

monogram on buildings 68

on Spedale di Santa Maria della Scala 131

Bertoldo, Paola Benetti 86

Biagio di Cecco’s house 102–4, 103

Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana 26

Biccherna (tax offices) 20, 51, 52

Biccherna (tax-book) covers 8, 8, 9, 36, 65, 65, 129, 133

Bichi, Alessandro 123–4, 164

Bichi, Antonio 171, 179, 191

palazzo 165, 166, 180–2, 180, 181

Bichi, Eustochia 182

Bichi, Firmano 182

Bichi, Galgano di Guccio 38

Bichi, Giovanni di Guccio 161, 165, 166

Bichi, Matteo di Galgano 53

Bichi, Niccolò di Iacomo 161

Bichi family 38, 53–7, 191

Castello delle Quattro Torri 53, 55, 53, 56

and Novesco regime 180–1

political changes and palaces 166

residential enclave 53, 53, 161, 165, 166

see also Palazzo Bichi-Tegliacci

Bindi family 185

Biondo, Flavio 148, 149, 151

Biringucci, Paolo Vannoccio 176, 190, 191

Biringucci, Vannoccio di Paolo 206

bishop’s palace 66, 70

Black Death 10, 94

‘Bocca del Casato’ 184

Boccaccio, Giovanni: Decameron 29

Borghesi, Battista di Iacomo 162

Borghesi, Bonaventura 104, 105

Borghesi, Crescenzio di Bonaventura 185

Borghesi, Girolamo di Bonaventura 162

Borghesi, Niccolò 158, 192, 196

Borghesi, Pier Francesco di Iacomo 162

Borghesi family 119, 162–3, 179, 183–4, 185, 186, 191, 196

Borgia, Cardinal Rodrigo 55, 67, 68

Bostoli, Mariana 198

bottini network 22–3, 22, 24, 175

Braccesi, Alessandro 33

Bramante, Donato 204

Bregno, Andrea 95, 169

brick-built architecture

and civic style 107

and façades 119–20

bridges: maintenance 14

Brunelleschi, Filippo 112, 113

builders

as architects 111–13

and taxation 95, 105, 209App.

building guilds and foreign craftsmen 96

building materials

and façades 119–20, 122, 135–6, 142, 143, 152

Petrucci’s appropriation of 198

building taxes 14, 209App.

buon comun concept 7, 8

Buonagiunti, Pietro di Pietro 102

Burns, Howard 55, 80

butchers: zoning restrictions 97–8, 202

Buzzichelli, Giovanni 131–2

Caferro, William 93

Calabria, Alfonso, Duke of 157, 165, 175

Camera del Commune 206

Camilli people 148–9

Camollia

derelict housing 52

and Roman past 148, 149

see also Porta Camollia

Campo see piazza del Campo

Cappella di Piazza 1, 2, 21–2, 22, 26, 143

all’antica style 151

Bartolo di Fredi’s design 21

and civic style 109–10, 110, 111

Capriola, La see S. Bernardino dell’Osservanza Casa dell’Operaio 27

Casa di S. Marta see Palazzetto di S. Marta

Casa di S. Martino 67

‘casa grande’ 182–3

‘Casa Petrucci’ 198

‘Casamento Vecchio’ (Palazzo Todeschini-Piccolomini) 76, 78, 169–73, 203

casato see magnate families; via del Casato

Casato di Sopra 184

Casato di Sotto 184

‘Castellaccia’ 36, 129

Castellare degli Ugurgeri 49

castellari as magnate residences 47–51, 89, 159, 160, 161

Castello delle Quattro Torri, S. Regina 53, 55, 55, 56

Castelvecchio 25, 26

Bichi residential enclave 53, 33

and Roman origins 150, 151, 178

Roman tower 152, 154

S. Ansano oratory 151–5, 152–5

castles see castellari; suburban castles

Castori, Nanni 75

Catherine of Siena, St 62

Cecchini, Giovanni 95

Cenni, Iacoma 126

ceramics industry 96

Charles iv, Emperor 30

Chigi, Agostino 158, 179, 183, 187, 188–9

Chigi, Cristofora 188

Chigi, Mariano 187

Chigi, Massimo 188

Chigi, Sigismondo di Mariano 186–9

Chigi family 186, 187

see also Palazzo Chigi-Saracini

Christianity: arrival in Siena 151–2, 154 churches

Novesco regime and rebuilding 138–9, 191–2, 196–8, 204

pilgrims’ view of interiors 130, 140

and street widenings 135

see also religious architecture; ritual and urban form

Cibo, Cardinal Giovan Battista 138

Cinughi, Cino 128

Cinughi, Bishop Giovanni 102, 135

city walls 4, 12, 14, 25, 26

gates 14–17, 14

‘civic devotion’

and papal visit 67

see also Virgin Mary

civic iconography 15, 24–6, 27

and Frederick III’s visit 61

Roman imagery and Strada Romana 140–2, 145

and Sigismund’s visit 35–6, 36–7

see also Roman imagery

civic identity 45, 65–6

see also Virgin Mary

civic ideology and architecture 5–27

civic image 91–113

beautification policies 98–106

travellers’ views of 115–16

zoning restrictions 97–8, 125, 202

civic planning

and aesthetics 98–106

and economic issues 93–8, 124

and private patronage 70–2, 84–6, 88–9, 100, 101, 104–6, 116, 140, 210 App.

civic pride

and beautification strategies 99

recreation of papal coronation 64–5

civic style and public architectural patronage 101, 102, 105–13

variety in style 113, 140

clan neighbourhoods 160–5, 184, 185, 208App., 211 App.

classical style see all’antica style; Rome

cleaning public spaces 22

Cohn, Samuel 184

Colonna, Cristofora 169

Colonna, Lodovico 34

columns 141–2, 141, 142, 150, 151

commercial enterprises 93

piazza del Campo 92, 97

Strada Romana 96–7, 124–8

zoning policies 96–8, 125, 178, 202

Commune 3

Camera del Commune 206

civic architectural style 106–13, 140

coat of arms 27, 36, 37, 107, 124, 124, 140, 148

conditions for Sigismund’s visit 34

and costs of Sigismund’s visit 34–5, 38

and facilities for travellers 132

immigration rules 94–5

Pius II intecedes for noble families 61–2

political preparations for Frederick III’s visit 59, 61

and private architectural patronage 70–1, 83, 104–6, 122

and religious architecture 131, 137

rents on shops 126

and restoration of derelict properties 51–3, 95, 98

and roads 17

and Roman imagery 141

seals 24–5

and Spedale di Santa Maria della Scala 131

and tapestry industry 8–9

zoning measures 96–8, 125

see also Ornato; Petroni

confiscation of derelict property 52

Consiglio Generale and Sigismund’s visit 39

Corsignano see Pienza Costa dei Barbieri 92, 92

courtyards 143, 200

Cozzarelli, Giacomo 175, 183–4, 191, 197, 200, 201

Cozzarelli, Guidoccio: The Return of the Nove 158

Cozzarelli, Iacopo: Lamentation of the Dead Christ 196, 197

craftsmen and immigration incentives 94–5

crime: protection of travellers 13–14

Croce del Travaglio 48

crony patronage and palaces 178–90

Dante Alighieri 22

Dati, Leonardo di Pietro 148

de la Seine, Francesco di Baldessare 185

decorative features 120, 121, 133–4, 135–6, 143, 189, 200

Dei, Benedetto 116, 117

del Taia, Francesco di Goro di Cristofano 119

del Taia family 105, 119

del Vecchio, Sano di Agnolo 122

del Vecchio family 122

demolition

ballatoio demolition 99–100, 99, 101–2, 104, 119, 132, 185, 202

medieval towers 164

and road straightening 17–18

derelict property policy 51–3, 52, 95, 98

diplomacy and visiting dignitaries 30, 33–4, 67, 206

diritta corda and road straightening 18

dissident communities 158

Dodici 30, 61, 62

Domenico di Bartolo 27, 42, 42, 44, 132

Madonna del Manto 45

Domenico di Bartolo da Piacenza 198

Domenico di Matteo 173

Domenico di Niccolò dei Cori 38

Siena Offered to the Virgin Mary by the Podestà 25, 25

domes 144–5

Donatello 56

Duccio da Buoninsegna 24

Maestà 191, 205

Duomo 26–7, 26, 130–1, 143

Duccio’s Maestà 191, 205

Emperor Sigismund Enthroned floor panel 41–2, 42

Francesco di Giorgio’s High Altar project 191, 201, 205

Opera 82

and papal court of Pius II 66–7, 82

Piccolomini Libary 168, 169, 172

Roman origins 150

she-wolf sculptures 141

Sigismund’s visit 38, 41–2

see also Opera del Duomo

Duomo Nuovo 143, 143, 145

economy and civic planning 93–8, 124

election lists 30

Eleonora of Portugal 59–61, 60, 130

elite palace-street enclaves 177, 178–90, 196, 211 App.

enclaves

clan neighbourhoods 160–5, 184, 185, 208App.

Novesco elite palace-street enclaves 177, 178–90, 196, 211 App.

engineering and water supply 22–3, 175

ephemeral architecture

arches for papal entry 206

and Frederick III’s visit 61

and processions 140

and Sigismund’s visit 29, 36, 40

Episcopal Palace 27

Este, Isabella d’ 202

Eugenius iv, Pope 31, 32, 153

événementiel moments 3

exile

exiled communities 158

loss of property 184–5

expropriation of property 108, 184–5

façades

building materials and colour 119–20, 135–6

churhes in Strada Romana 135–6, 138

façade improvement in Strada Romana 101–6, 132, 202

Novesco elite palaces 182, 183–4, 188, 189, 193, 200

palaces in Strada Romana 117–18, 120–4, 142–3

see also ballatoio demolition

families

family history and architecture 159–65, 178, 199–200

and government 88

Farnese, Agnese 169, 172

Fecini, Tommaso 36, 37, 39, 40, 65

Federighi, Antonio 80, 81–3, 109, 110, 111, 121–2, 152

Federigo da Montefeltro 193, 197

Ferrante of Naples 57

Ferrati, Vincenzo 38

‘Filarete, if (Antonio Averlino) 29

Fiore, Francesco Paolo 121, 193

Florence

architectural influence 113, 142

and ‘lost’ pilgrims 129

Sienese relations with 39, 40, 41, 56, 93, 157

threat to Siena’s trade 93

Fondo Chigi 26

Fonte Gaia 10, 12, 12, 106

Fonte Nuova a Ovile 24, 24

Fontebranda 23, 23, 24, 24

relocation of butchers’ shops 97–8, 98

S. Caterina 120

Fontegiusta Madonna 137–9

foreign craftsmen and tax 94–5, 209App.

foreign policy

diplomacy and visiting dignitaries 30, 33–4, 67, 206

relations with Florence 39, 40, 41, 56, 93, 157

Foresti, Jacopo: Supplementum Chronicarum 115–16, 116

Forteguerri family 162–3

fortification see castellari; city walls

foundation legend 116, 140–1, 142, 145, 147–51

fountains 23–4, 97, 141

‘fractures of history’ 3

Francesco di Bartolomeo Guglielmi 70

Francesco di Cristoforo Fedeli 138, 144

Francesco di Giorgio Martini 40, 112, 143, 175–8, 190–3, 200, 201

and bottini 23, 175

church at S. Bernardino dell’Osservanza 196

Francesco Piccolomini Crowned Cardinal 149

High Altar project 191, 201, 205

house on piazza del Battistero 176

and Novesco elite palaces 182, 188

and Novesco regime 176, 177, 190–1, 192–3

and S. Bernardino at Urbino 197

Trattati 177, 178, 182, 182–3

Francesco di messer Marco 38

Francigena see via Francigena Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor 59–61, 60

Friedman, David 127

Frommel, Christopher 203

Frugoni, Chiara 24

Fungai, Bernardino: She-wolf 140

Galgano, San 132, 134–5

Gallerani, Antonio 39

Gasparre di Gasparre di Giovannello 142

gates

city gates 14–17, 14

civic imagery 15

facilities for travellers 129

Roman gates 149, 151

see also Porta Camollia; Porta Romana

Gentile da Fabriano: ‘Madonna dei Banchetti’ 19

Gentiluomini 30, 62, 157

Gherardi, Lorenzo 95

Ghino di Lorenzo di Ghino 125

Ghinucci family 185, 186

Giachetto di Benedetto 8–9, 95

Giacomo di Giovanni 138

Giovanni da Bologna 112

Giovanni da Verona 164–5

Giovanni della Piazza 78

Giovanni di Agostino 102

Giovanni di Cecco 21–2

Giovanni di Guccio Bichi 38, 53, 55–7

Giovanni di Lorenzo: The Battle at Porta Camollia (attrib.) 36, 37, 129

Giovanni di Meuccio Contadini 153, 154

Giovanni di Niccolò 132–4

Giovanni di Paolo

Lucretia Before her Family 43

S. Andrea Apostolo altarpiece 130

S. Ansano Conducted to Prison 152

S. Maria Maddalena altarpiece 135

Giovanni di Pietro 37

Giovanni di Stefano

Head of S. Galgano tabernacle 134, 135

Porta Romana she-wolf sculptures 16, 17

Girolamo di Benvenuto 8

Arrival of the Ambassadors (attrib.) 33

Girolamo di Giovanni 206

Giuliano da Maiano 117, 133, 142, 189

‘Golden Age’ 7

goldsmiths 96

Goldthwaite, Richard 105

‘Gothic’ style

arches 103–4

Cappella di Piazza 109–10

and civic style 107–8, 108–9

domestic architecture 52–3, 53–4, 55, 102–4, 183

government of Siena

allegory and civic harmony 6–8, 12

and architecture in Patrizi’s De Institutione Reipublicae 86–8

buildings and civic style 108

diplomacy and visiting dignitaries 30, 33–4, 67, 206

and Pius II’s extended visits 64

and private architectural patronage 70–1, 73, 84–6, 104–6

three-party system 30, 62

see also Commune; foreign policy; Monti; Nine; Novesco regime; oligarchic government; Signori

‘governo trinario’ 30, 62

graffito 69–70, 200

Great Council 21

Guglielmi, Giovanni Battista di Francesco 125, 186

Guglielmo di Goro di Cristofano del Taia 105, 119

Guidobaldo da Montefeltro 176

Guidoccio di Andrea 111, 131

guilds 96, 178, 184

Hansen, Sabine 124

Harff, Arnold von 131

highwaymen 13

historiography and Roman origins 148–9

Hook, Judith 124

hospices/hospitals on Strada Romana 129, 130–4

hostels on Strada Romana 129–30, 131–2

hotels and inns on Strada Romana 125, 129

humanism in Siena 10, 86, 107, 141

and foundation myth 147–51, 154–5

iconography see civic iconography

immigration incentives 94–6

Imperial triumph for Pius II 66

industry and water supply 23, 24

inheritance of property 160

inns see hotels and inns

inscriptions

Loggia Piccolomini 75

and papal visit 69–70, 70

Roman inscriptions 135, 150, 150, 151

Israëls, Machtelt 139

Jackson, Philippa 205

Jenkens, Lawrence 76, 80, 171

John the Baptist, St: relic 62–3, 100

Kawsky, Deborah 9

Kent, F.W. 78

keys to the city rituals 37, 65–6

La Magione church and spedale 130

Lanza, Loredana 86

Leo x de’ Medici, Pope 206

Leonardo da Vinei 204

Liber Censorum 25

Lieberman, Ralph III

limestone towers 47, 119, 122, 159–60

Livy, Titus: Ab urbe condita libri 146

lodgings see accommodation

Lodovico il Moro 195, 204

loggia

‘famiglie di loggia’ 86

‘loggia comune’ 78

in Palazzo del Magnifico 200, 200, 201, 202

Loggia della Mercanzia 124, 124, 143

Loggia Piccolomini 74–6, 74, 73, 78, 80, 111, 128, 143, 171

Lolli, Goro (Gregorio) di Niccolò 68–9

Lolli family and papal visit 68–9

Lombard builders 95–6, 111–13, 138, 209 App.

Lombardo, Antonio 112

longue durée process 3

Lorenzetti, Ambrogio

Allegory of Peace fresco cycle 5, 6–8, 6, 9–10, 12–13, 29, 39, 42, 88, 178

and armature of Siena 12, 13, 14, 16–17, 18, 20

Effects of Peace in the City i

Giachetto tapestries of frescoes 9

Good Government 8

political influence of frescoes 6–8, 88

restoration of frescoes 8

Lorenzo di Francesco 8

Lorenzo di Pietro see ‘Vecchietta, il’

Lotz, Wolfgang 204

Luca di Bartolo da Bagnocavallo 52, 72, 108, 152

Luti, Francesco 64, 93

Luti family 67, 196

luxury: and Sigismund’s visit 44–5

luxury goods: and outlets 96, 98, 125

Lynch, Kevin 33

Macchi, Girolamo 142, 151, 152

L’Ospedale di S. Maria della Scala 130

Memorie delle chiese di Siena 36, 135, 152

Memorie Senesi 23, 24, 142, 151

Palazzi di Siena 42

S. Maria Maddalena 134, 134

MacDonald, William 12

Machiavelli, Niccolò 195, 205

Mack, Charles 80

Maconi family 48

magnate families (casato)

exclusion from government 30, 47, 86, 184

fortified residences 47–51, 89, 159, 160, 161, 164

residence by district 208App.

use of limestone 119

and via del Casato 184

Malavolti family 86, 119, 120

castellare 48, 49, 50, 119

see also Arco dei Malavolti

Maltese, Corrado 177

Mannucci, Leonardo 125

Marescotti family 162–3

see also Palazzo Marescotti market gardens 14

Marrina, Lorenzo 172

Marsili, Nanni 52–3, 72

Martin v, Pope 31, 99

Martini, Simone

Annunciation 153

Blessed Agostino Novello altarpiece 29, 30

Maesta 10, 21, 21, 36

Porta Camollia ‘Coronation of the Virgin’ 36

Martino the Lombard 81

Mary see Virgin Mary

Marzi, Dino 125

‘master of streets’ (viarii) 13, 17, 18, 98

Matteo di Galgano Bichi 53

Mattia di Nanni 10, 106

Medici, Cosimo de’ 55, 56

Medici, Lorenzo de’ 176, 190

Medici family 184

see also Palazzo del Governatore

Mella, Cardinal Juan de 68

Memmi, Lippo 36

Meo di Francesco di Mino 38

‘meta-urbanism’ 64–70, 218n6

Miglio, Luisa 69

Mirabilli, Alessandro 129

mobility of residence 184–5

Montaperti, battle of 26, 165, 219n28

Monti 30, 61, 62, 157

see also Dodici; Novesco regime; popolo regime

mule-tax 17

Mussolin, Mauro 191

names see surnames

Naples 142, 157–8

narrative and city 31–3

Nello di Francesco 96

Neroccio di Bartolomeo de’ Landi 179–80

S. Bernardino Preaching on the Campo 1, 2, 2

Niccolò di Giovanni Ventura

City Procession with the Image of the Virgin 27

The Keys of the City Offered to the Virgin 27

Niccolò di Minoccio 125–6

Nine 6–7, 10, 12, 30, 87, 184

see also Nove/Novesco regime

Nini family 183, 185, 186

Nobili 61

noble families

banishment for Frederick III’s visit 59, 61–2

exclusion from government 30, 61–2, 85–6, 88, 157, 184

family history and residences 159–65, 178, 199–200

surnames 159

notaries guild 184

Nove/Novesco regime 3, 57, 62, 87, 157–9, 163

architecture of 138–9, 175–93, 196–8, 204

failed coup attempt 56, 62, 86, 157, 158, 159, 195

see also Balià; Nine

novella literature 24, 29, 42, 128

Nuovo Borgo di S. Maria 94, 94

oligarchic government 158–9, 164

elite enclaves 177, 178–90

see also Nove/Novesco regime

Opera del Duomo 124, 152, 237n92

and Novesco regime 191, 192, 198

property portfolio and concessions 162, 181, 183

Operaio residence 39

opus mixtum walls 161

Origo, Iris 68

Orioli, Pietro di Francesco 8

Orlandi, Cesare 154

‘ornato’ 98, 99

‘ornato della città’ 102

Ornato 72, 98–106, 110, 116, 209App.

and Pius n Piccolomini 100–1

and private palaces 122, 186

Strada Romana interventions 101–6, 101, 136

and variety in architecture 113, 140

and via del Casato 185, 186

Os, Henk van 130

Ospedale Maggiore, Florence 132

Osservanza see S. Bernardino dell’Osservanza

overhanging structures see ballatoio demolition

Pacchiarotti, Giacomo 206

Pagliara, Pier Nicola 100

palaces

accommodation for visiting dignitaries 39, 40–1, 57, 66, 67

architectural influences 142–3

city palaces and urban renewal 51–7, 104–5, 116–24

and civic image 116

ground-floor shops 126–8, 170, 171

Novesco elite palace-street enclaves 177, 178–90, 196, 211 App.

patronage and political change 165–73

towers and family history 161, 162–3, 178, 199–200

see also castellari

Palazzetto di S. Marta

and Bichi family 56–7, 165

and Duke Alfonso of Calabria 157

and Frederick III’s visit 56–7, 61

and Pius II’s visit 67

and Sigismund’s visit 38, 38, 39, 56–7

Palazzo Agazzari al Casato 189, 189

Palazzo Bandini-Piccolomini, S.Vigilio 120–2, 121, 122, 143, 167

Palazzo Bardi 162, 163, 183–4

Palazzo Bardi al Casato di Sopra 189, 189

Palazzo Bianchi-Bandinelli 134

Palazzo Bichi-Forteguerri 164, 164

Palazzo Bichi-Ruspoli 123–4, 123

Palazzo Bichi-Tegliacci (later Pinacoteca Nazionale) 53–5, 33, 54, 67, 68, 165

Palazzo Borghesi alla Postierla 162–3, 162, 163, 183–4

Palazzo Chigi al Casato 186–9, 186–7

Palazzo Chigi-Saracini 123, 161, 161

Palazzo Chigi-Zondadari 127, 127

Palazzo Cinughi 128

Palazzo dei Rossi 123–4

Palazzo del Capitano 41, 42, 57, 182

Palazzo del Capitano di Giustizia 103, 108–9, 108, 109, 111, 113, 126

Palazzo del Governatore 180, 180, 181, 182

Palazzo del Magnifico 163–4, 183, 198–203, 199–201

Palazzo del Rettore 131

Palazzo del Taia 105, 119

Palazzo del Vecchio 122, 123, 143

Palazzo delle Papesse 70–2, 71, 72, 80, 89, 100, 122–3

Palazzo di Antonio Bichi 180–2, 180, 181

Palazzo di Iacoppo Petrucci 180, 181

Palazzo Diavoli 164

Palazzo Ducale, Gubbio 200, 201

Palazzo Ducale, Urbino 193, 199, 200, 201, 202

Palazzo Lolli 68–9, 69

Palazzo Luti 67

Palazzo Marescotti (later Chigi-Saracini) 123, 161, 161, 171

Palazzo Marsili 52–3, 52, 72

Palazzo Medici, Florence 55, 80, 80

‘Palazzo Nuovo’ (Palazzo Todeschini-Piccolomini) 76, 169–73

Palazzo Pecci 42, 57, 57, 67, 182–3

Palazzo Piccolomini, Pienza 58, 80, 81, 84, 85

Palazzo Piccolomini, Siena see Palazzo Bandini-Piccolomini; Palazzo Todeschini-Piccolomini

Palazzo Piccolomini Clementini 78, 79

Palazzo Piccolomini dei Papeschi see Palazzo Todeschini-Piccolomini

Palazzo Pubblico 1–2, 7, 13, 19–21, 20

anteconcistoro frescoes 10, 11, 79, 106, 148

as architectural model 108–9, 203

backdrop to S. Bernardino’s sermons 5

and Campo portico project 203

Cappella dei Signori 25

and civic style 106–8

Cortile del Podestà 143, 144, 145

doors 106–7, 107

façade 119

Imperial arms 35, 35

influence on domestic architecture 55, 103

layout 20–1, 20 ‘Nuova Torre’ plans 109

and Podestà residence 20–1

Sala dei Nove (Sala della Pace) frescoes 5, 6–8, 6, 9–10, 12–13

Sala del Concistoro 9, 107

Sala del Mappamondo (Sala del Gran Consiglio): Maestà 10, 21, 21, 36

She-wolf and Twins sculpture 106, 141, 141

tapestries of Lorenzetti frescoes 8–9

and tapestries for Sigismund’s visit 38, 44

Palazzo S. Galgano 18, 18, 132–5, 132–4

Palazzo Sansedoni 50–1, 51, 90, 102, 102, 127, 128, 161

Palazzo Spannocchi 69, 116–19, 117–19, 128, 133, 142

Palazzo Todeschini-Piccolomini, Banchi

di Sotto 76–9, 76, 77, 80–2, 84, 112, 128, 128, 156, 166, 169, 170, 172–3

division between Andrea and Iacomo Piccolomini 76, 169–73

shops and income from 128, 128, 170, 171

Palazzo Tolomei 50, 50, 80, 89, 108, 122, 127, 160

Palazzo Tricerchi 126–7, 126

Palazzo Ugurgeri (Benassai?) al Casato 189, 190

Palio horse race 91, 197

Panofsky, E. 162

Paoletti, John 152

papal court of Pius II 64–70

papal style of Piccolomini architecture 79–83

Papal—Neopolitan axis 157

Partini, Giuseppe 50

Pasquali family 185

patrician class 88

Patrizi, Agostino 147

De antiquitate civitatis Senarum 149, 151, 152

Patrizi, Francesco 23, 86, 87, 147, 197

De Institutione Reipublicae 86–8, 86, 100, 148, 158–9, 177–8

De origine et vetustate urbis Senae 148–9, 151, 159

Patrizi, Patrizio 249n3

patronage 3

architectural contribution of patrons 112–13

and civic idenity 45

see also private patronage; public patronage

Paul 11, Pope 76

paving policy 17

Pazzi war 157

peace and war allegories 6–7

Pecci, Bartolomeo 183

Pecci, Giovanni Antonio 47, 125

Raccolta Universale 50, 136, 151

Pecci, Guido di Bartolomeo 183

Pecci, Tommaso di Nanni 57, 108, 182–3, 185

Pecci family 179, 185, 186

Pepper, Simon 14–15

Pertici, Petra 99, 105

Peruzzi, Baldassarre 109, 203, 204

and piazza del Campo portico 203, 203, 204

Siena and the Valdambra 27, 27

Petroni, Lodovico 67

Petroni 51, 52, 78, 98

Petrucci, Cardinal Alfonso 205

Petrucci, Antonio di Cecco Rosso

burial site 196, 197, 205

failed coup attempt 56, 62, 86, 157, 158, 159, 195

and Francesco Patrizi 177

Petrucci, Borghese 158, 198, 205–6

Petrucci, Giacoppo 165, 179–80, 182, 195, 196

Petrucci, Girolama di Bartolomeo 198

Petrucci, Pandolfo di Bartolomeo (‘il Magnifico’) 163–4, 165, 171

architecture as prince 3, 195–205

death and ritual use of urban space 205–6

and Francesco di Giorgio 176, 190, 191

and Novesco oligarchy 158, 178, 182, 183, 186, 190, 192, 196

religious building as prince 196–8, 204

and via del Casato 186

see also Nove/Novesco regime; Palazzo del Magnifico Petrucci, Petruccio 186

Petrucci, Cardinal Raffaele 206

Petrucci, Sulpicia 186–7

Petrucci family clan neighbourhood 66, 178–80, 195–6, 198, 200

piazza del Campo viii, 1, 2–3, 2, 3, 13, 18–20, 19, 21, 22, 125

and civic style 106, 109

cleaning and ‘grazing rights’ 22

commercial outlets and prohibitions 19, 92, 97, 98

as heart of city 91–2, 98

and Ornato 99

Palazzo Sansedoni 50–1, 51

portico project 203–4

and Roman origins 150

temporary stages 40, 61, 64–5

tightrope crossing 65

see also Cappella di Piazza; Palazzo Pubblico

piazza del Duomo 26, 27, 27, 91

piazza Ducale, Vigevano 204, 204

piazza Manetti 70, 72, 100

piazza Piccolomini 73–9, 79, 84, 88–9

piazza Postierla 142, 162, 163, 178–9, 179, 183

piazza S. Francesco, Ascoli Piceno 204, 203

piazza S. Marco, Venice 204

piazza Tolomei 141–2

Piccinino, Iacopo 39, 40, 86

Piccinni, Gabriella 14

Piccolomini, Aeneas Silvius (later Pius II) 59, 61, 72–3

Historia de duobus amantibus 31–3, 31, 32, 39, 42–4, 47, 148, 149

Storia di Due Amanti 40, 41

see also Pius II, Pope

Piccolomini, Alessandro 172–3

Piccolomini, Andrea Todeschini 73, 75–6, 78, 126, 128, 192

and ‘Casamento Vecchio’ 169–73, 203

Piccolomini, Antonio Todeschini 73, 75, 166

castles in Abruzzo 166, 166, 167

Piccolomini, Bacco 148

Piccolomini, Caterina 70–2, 80, 100, 185

Piccolomini, Cardinal Francesco

Todeschini 14, 73, 75, 76, 86, 112, 149, 158

architectural patronage 167–9

humanism and antiquity claims 142, 147, 148, 149

and Palazzo Bandini-Piccolomini 120–1, 122, 167

and S. Ansano 153–4

Piccolomini, Cardinal Giacomo Ammannati 118

Piccolomini, Iacomo Todeschini 73, 75–6, 123, 128, 161, 191

and ‘Palazzo Nuovo’ 169–73

Piccolomini, Laudomia Todeschini 72, 75, 166

Piccolomini, Niccolò 73, 74

Piccolomini, Pierfrancesco 172–3

Piccolomini, Vittoria 198

Piccolomini della Massa, Bartolomeo dei 70, 71–2

Piccolomini family

antiquarian provenance 149

architectural style 142

background 72–3, 88

coat of arms 68–9, 68, 69, 75, 75, 78, 79, 120, 121

exclusion from government 62

Novesco oligarchy and elite architecture 179, 180

resistance to Pius II’s plans 76, 78

S. Martino enclave and residences 70, 73–9, 73, 84, 120, 142, 161

and via del Casato 185

see also Loggia Piccolomini

Pictii, Domenico 95

Pienza (Corsignano)

and architectural influence 144

architectural patronage of Pius II 63, 70, 81, 83–4

cathedral 138, 142

comparison with Sienese redevelopments 83–4

main piazza developments 63, 63, 83–4, 83

Palazzo Piccolomini 58, 81, 85

and Piccolomini family 72–3

pietra serena details 111, 119, 120, 121, 135, 143, 152, 154, 193, 200

Pietro dell’Abaco 18, 80, 111–12, 132

pilaster strips 143, 145

pilgrims 29, 36, 93, 124–5, 128–40

Pinacoteca Nazionale see Palazzo Bichi-Tegliacci

Pinturicchio

Frederick III and Eleonora of Portugal 46, 60, 61, 159, 160, 164

Piccolomini Library decorations 169

Pisano, Giovanni 23, 24

Pius II Piccolomini, Pope 3, 55, 61–70, 64, 65, 177

accomodation for papal court 66–7, 66

architectural patronage 63, 64, 70–89, 100, 161, 166, 173

and ballatoio demolition 100

coat of arms 68–9, 68, 69, 75

Commentarii 65, 66, 81, 84, 85–6, 88, 100

extended visits to Siena and use as papal court 64–70

gifts and favours to Siena 62–3

nepotism 158, 166

and Ornato 100–1

political and architectural influence 84–6, 157, 158, 159

property portfolio 126, 171

public recreation of coronation 64–5

and Roman origins of Siena 148

see also Piccolomini, Aeneas Silvius

Pius in see Piccolomini, Cardinal Francesco Todeschini

Podestà residence 20–1

Poggio Imperiale, battle of 137–8

Poggio Malavolti 135, 136

Poleggi, Ennio 95

Politi, Lancelotto: La Sconfitta di Monteaperto 165, 165

political system 30–1, 62

and architecture 157–73

Novesco patronage of churches 138–9, 191–2, 196–7

see also Commune; foreign policy; Monti; Nine; Novesco regime

political theory and urban form 6, 12, 83–9

polychrome façades 119–20

Pomarelli, Lorenzo 203, 203

Pope-Hennessy, John 113

popolo regime 30, 61, 62, 73, 157, 158

‘Porrina, il’ (Pietro Paolo) 81, 112

Porta Camollia 15, 17, 115, 129, 141, 206

and Frederick III’s visit 60

Roman origins 148, 150

and Sigismund’s visit 36–7, 36, 37

‘porta del sale’ 2

Porta Ovile 16

Porta Romana (Porta Nuova) 15, 16–17, 16, 17, 141, 206

facilities for travellers 129–30, 132–4

‘pozzi neri/pozzi di butto’ 218n133

Prato di Camollia 36, 37

antique origins 150

commemorative column 61, 62

facilities for travellers 129

and Frederick III’s visit 61

private patronage

architectural input 112–13

and civic planning 70–2, 84–6, 88–9, 100, 101, 104–6, 116, 140, 210App.

Novesco crony patronage and palaces 178–90, 196

Novesco patronage and churches 191–2

and outside impressions of Siena 116

Pius II Piccolomini 63, 64, 70–89, 100

political change and palaces 165–73

and public spaces 116–24, 202, 210 App.

processions

Emperor Sigismund 37–8

Imperial triumph for Pius II 66

ritual and urban form 100, 136, 139–40, 205

Prospero di Niccolò 186

prostitution 125

Pseudo-Michele da Carrara 146

public funds

and domestic building 102–4, 119, 122

and religious architecture 210 App.

public land and private patronage 210 App.

public patronage and civic style 101, 102, 105–13

public space

and Petrucci hegemony 205–6

porticoes for piazzas 203–4

and private patronage 116–24, 202, 203–4, 210App.

Quast, Matthias 164

‘quelli dell’impresa’ 178, 180–1

Quercia, Jacopo della 10, 12, 106

Quercia, Priamo della 27, 132

Quinterio, Francesco 142

Ramaciotti, G. B.: view of piazza Piccolomini 79

relics

John the Baptist’s arm 62–3, 100

of S. Galgano 134–5

in Spedale di S. Maria della Scala 130, 131–2

religious architecture

and Novesco patronage 138–9, 191–2, 196–8, 204

public subsidies 210App.

in Strada Romana 128–40, 144–5

see also churches; ritual and urban form

Republicanism 158–9

see also popolo regime

requisitioned property 179–80

residential architecture see castellari; enclaves; palaces

restoration of derelict properties 51–3, 95, 98

retardataire style 103, 173

reuse of older buildings 161–2

Riformatori 30

Rinaldo di Gualtiero 95

Ristoro di Meo 92, 97

ritual and urban form

architectural patronage of Pius II 84

and Frederick III’s visit 61

meta-urbanism and papal court of Pius II 64–70

and Petrucci hegemony 205–6

and processional routes 100, 136, 139–40, 205

relics and processions 134–5

religious architecture of Strada Romana 128–40, 144–5

and Sigismund’s visit 33–40, 41–2

roads 13–14, 17, 18

see also streets; via Francigena Rocca dei Salimbeni 49–50, 49, 89

Roccabruna tower 47–8

Roman arches 135, 136, 136, 150, 150

Roman imagery 10, 12, 106, 140–2, 145

see also she-wolf sculptures and images

Rome

contemporary architectural influence 142, 144

and foundation legend 116, 140–1, 142, 145, 147, 148

humanism and antiquity claims 148–51, 154

relations with 157–8

Roman architectural remains 149–50, 151

see also all’antica style; Roman imagery

Romea, via 13

Romulus and Remus legend 147, 149

rope-making industry 96

Rossellino, Bernardo 80–1, 82, 83, 106–7, 142

Rossi family 123–4

Rossi tower 47, 48, 164

round arches 104, 110, 143

Rowland, Ingrid 183

Rubinstein, Nicolai 10

Rubinstein, Ruth 80

Rucellai family 78

Rykwert, Joseph 129

S. Agostino 53, 53, 67, 191

S. Andrea Apostolo 130

S. Ansano oratory, Castelvecchio 151–5, 152–3, 178

S. Barnaba monastery 129–30

S. Benedetto 205

S. Bernardino, Urbino 197

S. Bernardino dell’Osservanza (La Capriola) 144–5, 145, 193, 194, 196–7, 196, 207

Petrucci’s patronage 196–7, 204, 205

S. Caterina, Fontebranda 120, 120, 121

S. Caterina delle Ruote monastery 129–30

S. Caterina Oratory 113

S. Domenico column 150, 151

S. Francesco monastery 14, 82, 82, 191

S. Galgano, Montesiepi 145

S. Maria, Betlemme 40

S. Maria degli Angeli, Valli 144, 145

S. Maria dei Servi 67, 68, 68, 191

S. Maria della Scala see Spedale di S. Maria della Scala

S. Maria delle Nevi 120, 120, 121, 135–6, 135, 150

S. Maria in Portico di Fontegiusta 136, 137–9, 137, 139, 144

S. Maria Maddalena 132, 134, 134, 135

S. Maria Maddalena convent, Porta Tufi 40, 191, 197–8, 204

S. Maria, Portico 191

S. Martino 74

S. Martino district: Piccolomini enclave 73–9

S. Matteo feast day ritual 84

S. Pietro della Magione 130, 130

S. Pietro district 53

S. Quirico 149

S. Regina: Bichi Castello delle Quattro Torri 53, 55, 55, 56

S. Sebastiano, S. Lorenzo 191

S. Sebastiano, Vallepiatta 191, 192–3, 193, 196

S. Sepolcro chapel 129, 129

S. Spirito ai Pispini 136, 191–2, 192

S. Spirito monastery 14, 102–3, 191, 196, 204

S. Tommaso degli Umiliati 136

S. Vigilio monastery 120–1, 167

Piccolomini palace 167, 167, 169

Sacchetti, Franco: Trecentonovelle 91

Salimbeni family 86, 117, 122

urban castle 49–50, 49, 89, 108

Salvetti, Paolo 176, 190

sanitation 22, 24

Sano di Pietro

Porta Romano Coronation of the Virgin 17

S. Bernardino Preaching on the Campo viii, 1–2, 5, 22, 35, 35, 110

Sanpaolesi, Piero 111, 121

Sant’Abondio 181

Sanudo, Marin 10, 116, 195

Sapienza 39, 41

Saracini, Giovanni 66–7, 76, 126

Saracini, Nastoccio 126

Saracini family residences 160, 161

Sassetta: Porta Romana Coronation of the Virgin 17

Schlick, Kaspar von 32, 42

seal of the city of Siena 25

Senio and Aschio legend 147–8

Sermoneta, Alessandro 180

Severini, Niccolò 67

sewerage system 22, 24

Sforza, Francesco 132

Sforza, Ippolita 57

sgraffito 69–70, 200

Shaw, Christine 158, 180

she-wolf sculptures and images 16, 17, 106, 106, 124, 140–2, 140–1, 146, 148

map of locations 140, 142

shields 37

shop-fronts 18, 19

shops 19

‘Bocca del Casato’ 184

as investments 125–6, 127–8

in palaces 126–8, 170, 171

on piazza del Campo 92, 97

on Strada Romana 96–7, 125–8

and zoning policies 96–8, 125, 178, 202

Siena

foundation legend 116, 140–1, 142, 145, 147–51

maps vii, 10

population 10, 94

seal of the city 25

Sigismund of Luxemburg, Holy

Roman Emperor 30–45

accommodation for entourage 39, 40–1

integration into Sienese life 39–42

narrative version of visit 31–3, 42–4

ritual of visit 33–40, 41–2

Signori 190

official barbers 92

residence 21

and Sigismund’s visit 34–5, 37, 38–9

signoria period 30

silk industry 96

Sixtus iv, Pope 137, 138

social stratification and architecture 177, 178–90

society and art 12

Sodoma (Giovanni Antonio Bazzi) 163, 184, 188, 206

soldiers as bane of inn-keepers 125

sopra l’ornato see Ornato Sozzini, Mariano 32

Spannocchi, Ambrogio 66, 116–19, 125, 142, 158, 185

Spannocchi family 186

Spedale di S. Croce 129

Spedale di S. Maria della Scala 26, 27, 27, 130–2, 130, 131

accommodation for travellers 39

Casa del Rettore 27

Pellegrinaio frescoes 132

property portfolio 178–9

relics 130, 131–2

Sala del Pellegrinaio 27, 28, 44

SS. Annunziata 26, 27, 27, 131, 131, 143, 144

and Vecchietta 111

spedali 129, 130

spolia 161, 162

stone architecture

and civic style 107

palaces 122, 142

see also limestone towers

stonemasons and tax incentives 95

Strada Romana 17, 18, 37–8, 52, 115–45, 189

commercial enterprises and architecture 96–7, 124–8

facilities for pilgrims and travellers 125, 129–32

and Frederick III’s visit 61

Ornato-mediated beautification interventions 93, 98, 101–6, 116, 132, 136

and Piccolomini properties 79

private palaces and public space 116–24

religious architecture 128–40, 144–5

Roman imagery 140–2, 145

widening around churches 135

zoning policies for commercial outlets 96–7, 125, 202

straightening of roads and streets 18

‘street judge’ 13

streets 13, 17–18, 98–106

see also roads; Strada Romana; via…

suburban castles 55–6

surnames 88, 148–9, 159

symmetry

and civic style 109

palace façades 121

Szabó, Thomas 13

‘Taccola, il’ (Mariano di Iacomo) 23, 40

Liber tertius de ingeneis 41

Taddeo di Bartolo: Palazzo Pubblico frescoes 10, 11, 79, 106, 148

Tafuri, Manfredo 137, 190, 191, 201, 213n8

Taia see del Taia family tapestries 8–9, 38, 44

taxes

and building 14, 95, 105, 209App.

immigration incentives 94, 95

Pius II’s patronage and exemptions 76

for road and bridge maintenance 14, 17

and shops 126

see also Biccherna

Tegliacci, Luigi di Giovanni 56, 67

Tegliacci family 56, 165

Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, Rome 110, 112

temporary architecture see ephemeral architecture

textiles industry 96

theatrical stagings and visits of Pius II 64–5

time: fracture points 3

Tisbo Colonnese 147–8

Tizio, Sigismondo 64, 124, 164, 197, 198, 202

Todeschini, Giovanni 73, 166

Todeschini Piccolomini family 73–9

Tofo di Cecco Sansedoni 102

tolls 17

Tolomei, Niccolò di Antonio 38, 39

Tolomei family 86, 88, 89, 122, 127, 160

see also Palazzo Tolomei Tommasi family 185

Torre dei Forteguerri 162–3, ^2

Torre dei Marescotti 161, 161

Torre dei Rossi 47, 48, 164

Torre del Mangia 13, 19, 109, 203

Torre del Pulcino 164

Torre di S. Angelo 164

Torrione di Mezzo 129

Torrione Dipinto 36, 129

Tower of the Malavolti 48, 49

towers

Castelvecchio 152, 154

and family history 161, 162–3, 178, 199–200

and magnate families’ castellari 47–9, 159–60, 161

map of mediveal towers 159

Palazzo del Magnifico 199–200

Palazzo Pubblico and civic style 109

piazza Piccolomini 79, 79

reuse of magnate towers 161, 162–4, 178

and skyline 160, 164–5

town planning: Francesco di Giorgio 178

trade

outlets see shops

and urban form 93–8, 124–8, 178

tradesmen

and immigration incentives 94–6

and zoning restrictions 97–8, 178, 202

travellers

economic benefits 93–4, 124–5

roads and protection of 13–14

Siena as rest-stop 29–30, 33, 124–5

view of Siena 115–16

see also pilgrims

travertine façades 122

Trecento and civic style 108, 178

Trexler, Richard 33

Tricerchi, Minoccio di Niccolò 126

Tricerchi family 126–7

triumphs for papal entries 66, 206

Tuliani, Maurizio 125

Turamini, Piero 116, 117

Turapilli, Ventura 173

Turchi, Girolamo di Biagio 164

Turchi family 164

Turrini, Giovanni: She-wolf sculpture 106, 106, 141, 141

Turrini, Patrizia 51, 52

Ubaldini, Roberto 198

Uberti, Fazio degli: Dittamondo 115

Ufficiali sopra Vornato see Ornato

Ugurgieri family 49, 189

underground aqueduets 22–3, 22

urban beautification policies 98–106

urban castles see castellari

urban change: artistic record 1

urban form

and political theory 3, 6, 12, 83–9

and well-governed city 177–8

see also ritual and urban form

urban magnificence and civic image 91–113

strategies for 98–101

urban process 145

urban renewal

and city palaces 51–7, 116–24

Ornato-mediated interventions 98–106, 116, 136, 186, 209App.

and papal visits 70, 99–100

Pius II Piccolomini patronage and redevelopment 70–9, 83, 100–1

travellers’ views on 115–16

and visit of Emperor Sigismund 31, 33

urban stratification see elite palace-street enclaves

Urbano di Francesco del Bicchieraio 152

Urbano di Pietro da Cortona

arms of Pius II 68–9, 69

dispute with Caterina Piccolomini 80

she-wolf column 141, 141

Urbino 193, 199, 200, 201, 202

Valdimontone 148

Vanni, Andrea 8, 130

Good Government 8, 9

Vanni, Chimento di 125

Vanni, Francesco: Sena Vetus Civitas Virginis 10, 36, 53, 73, 120, 132, 134, 136, 179, 198

variety in civic style 113, 140

Vasari, Giorgio 112, 163, 183, 197

‘Vecchietta, il’ (Lorenzo di Pietro) 27, 132, 179–80

architect hypothesis in, 121

The Coronation of Pope Pius II 65, 65

and Loggia Piccolomini 75, 80, 82, 111

Piazza Tolomei and S. Cristoforo 39

Sienese Government Officials Receiving an Embassy 37

Solomon and the Glory of the Temple of Jerusalem 112

Vecchio see del Vecchio family

Venafro, Antoni del 181, 267n93

Venice 95, 204

Venturini family 185, 186

via dei Pellegrini 114, 163–4, 198, 199, 202

via del Capitano: elite palaces 178–83, 179, 184, 189–90, 196

via del Casato 184–90, 211 App.

via Francigena 13–14, 15, 17, 29, 33, 37, 115, 129

see also Strada Romana

viarii 13, 17, 18, 98

Vieri, Luca 192

views: frescoes and framing of 7, 12

Vigevano: portico for main piazza 204, 204

Villa Chigi alle Volte Basse 182, 188, 188

Villa Farnesina, Rome 188

Virgin Mary

civic devotion 26, 35, 36, 38, 42, 65–6, 110, 135, 140

miracle-working shrine 137–9

Visconti, Giangaleazzo, Duke of Milan 7, 30, 36, 37, 61, 95

visual strategies and façades 123

Viterbo: ballatoio demolition 100

Viti, Paolo 33

Vitruvius 100

Waley, Daniel 47

walls see city walls

war and peace allegories 6–7

waste disposal 22, 24

water supply 22–4, 175

wells 218n133

Westerhout, Arnald van 69, 73

wool industry 96

zoning policies 96–8, 125, 178, 202

Previous chapter

Base text size -

Chapter images ()