The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

Boime, Albert

Albert Boime

Publisher (out of print)

WorldCat

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Using words and works of both pupils and masters of the French Academy of Beaux-Arts, this fascinating book provides a wealth of information about the environment and studio practices of French official art from 1830 to 1890. Albert Boime describes the training of new pupils in the Academic ateliers, from the time they began and were set to copy engravings and casts to their copying of the old masters in the Louvre to their work before the live model and landscape painting out-of-doors. Boime's account includes not only a history of the transition from guild-controlled arts sanctioned by the church to an academic system sponsored by the state but also a reassessment of the positive role played by the Academy's teaching program in the evolution of the independent movements of the nineteenth century.

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Print publication date June 1986 (out of print)

Print ISBN 9789998002845

EISBN 9780300244458

Illustrations 161

Print Status out of print

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List of illustrations

Etude de paysage
Académie d'après nature
Académie d'après nature
Académie d'après nature
Académie d'après nature
Detail of a Model Sheet
Mise en trait
Drawing Model
Etude d'après la bosse
Etude d'après la bosse
Etude d'après la bosse
Etude d'après la bosse
Study of the Live Model and Corrections
Etude de tête pour Romains passant sous le joug
Tête de jeune italienne
Head of a Young Girl
Head of a Young Girl
Etude d'homme, fait à l'atelier des élèves de Pierre Guerin
Etudes du nu pour Danse des Bacchantes
Académie d'après nature
La Crainte
La Résignation
Demi-figure
Demi-figure, detail
En loges pour le Concours d'Esquisses
Mort de Saphira femme d'Ananie
Mort de Zénobie
Paysage d'Orient
Jeune femme assise
Poplars on the Epte
Reine de Saba
Quatorze juillet, rue Montorgueil
Portrait de femme
Mademoiselle Gauthier-Lathuille
Etude du nu
Portrait of Proust
L'Etude
Portrait of the painter Guillaudin on horseback
Portrait of Feuerbach
The Shepherd's Song
Gare Saint-Lazare
Mother and Child
L'Ecluse, paysage près de Verberie
Vénus et l'Amour
Greek Slave
Dominique Papety
Portrait de l'artiste
La défaite des Cimbres
Le vœu de Louis XIII
Le vœu de Louis XIII, detail
Joan of Arc in Prison
Joan of Arc in Prison
Portrait of the Marquis de Pastoret
Portrait of the Marquis de Pastoret
Vénus et les Amours
Louisa Seiffert aux Ormes
Louis-Philippe et son Etat-Major
Jeune femme cousant dans un jardin
Portrait des enfants germain
Scène du Coffret tirée du Marchand de Venise
Retour des moissons
Return from the Harvest (Retour des moissons)
Jeunesse de Bacchus
Jeunesse de Bacchus
Sketch for Haymaking (Étude pour Les Foins)
Coriolan se découvrant devant Tullius
Portrait de Madame Sabatier
Léda
Paysage
Samson abattant les Philistins
Louis-Philippe à l'Hôtel de Ville
La foudre
Pulse Gatherers
Automedon with the Horses of Achilles, sketch for
Automedon with the Horses of Achilles
Automedon with the Horses of Achilles
Le tribun Flaminius
Cypsélius sauvé
Antoine offre le bandeau royal à César
Euripile blessé
Triomphe d'Amphititre
Jésus chassant les vendeurs du Temple
Mort de Cauis Julius César
Thésée reconnu par son père
Thésée reconnu par son père
Lapidation de St. Etienne
Falaise de la Hague
Zénobie trouvée sur les bords de l'Araxe
Zénobie trouvée sur les bords de l'Araxe
Saint Sébastien
Saint Sébastien
Adam et Eve trouvant le corps d'Abel
Adam et Eve trouvant le corps d'Abel
Adam et Eve trouvant le corps d'Abel
Moïse frappant la roche
Médecine
Sacrifice
Etude
Concordance
Watering Can
Farm Labourer with Hoe
Le roi Louis-Philippe prêtant serment le 9 août 1830
Le roi Louis-Philippe prêtant serment le 9 août 1830
Mirabeau et Dreux-Brézé
Mirabeau et Dreux-Brézé
Mirabeau et Dreux-Brézé
Mirabeau et Dreux-Brézé
Boissy d'Anglas à la Convention
La Figure de la République
La Figure de la République
Barque of Dante
Barque of Dante
Concert Champêtre
Infanta Marguerita
Self-Portrait
Venus
Descent from the Cross
The Syndics
Louis Philippe Joseph, Duc d'Orléans
The Blue Boy
Apollon gardant les troupeaux d'Admète
Adam et Eve chassés du Paradis Terrestre
Ulysses and Nausicaa
Jésus et la Samaritaine
Le chêne et le roseau
Romulus et Rémus exposés sur le Tibre
Orphée perdant Eurydice
Village d'Auvergne
Le vielle tour à Barbizon
Halage
Paysage
Eglise en Campanie
Vue prise de la Villa Médicis
Vue prise de la Villa Médicis
Souvenir du lac Némi
Le canal à Venise
Paysage au soleil couchant
Paysage
Bords de la Seine à Poissy
Vue du Cap Campanella depuis Capri
Paysage
Paysage
Silhouette d'arbres à Bernviller
Paysage dan les environs de Paris
Le jardin de Giverny
Paysage, Basse Egypte
Paysage
Falaise de Veules
Vue de Rome, le soir
Rome au matin
Vue du Colisée
Le Colisée
Ruines dans une plaine au crépuscule
A la Villa Borghèse, nuages blancs
Etude de ciel au Quirinal
Bords de rivière
Vue de Naples
Ruines du temple de Ségeste
Fond de paysage à Panfili
Paysage
Combat de taureaux

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Contents

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

Contents

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

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Preface to the 1986 Edition

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~The writing and publication of The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century coincided with and made a substantial contribution to a worldwide shift in cultural taste. This shift has profoundly affected art education, museums, art historical scholarship and art production during the past two decades. The founding in 1980 of the New York...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

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Preface to the 1971 Edition

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

THE conception of the nineteenth-century French Academy of Beaux-Arts as a static, moribund institution, whose programme was stamped with an irremediable aversion to innovation, needs to be re-examined. The facile manner in which critics have disposed of Academic and official art – on the basis of an aesthetic frame of reference developed in the twentieth century – is...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

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I. The Crystallization of French Official Art

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~The point of departure for this study of French official art is the period of the July Monarchy. Before examining the specific nature of this art, however, it is necessary to sketch the early growth and character of the academic system as well as of State participation and involvement in French art. Only in this way can we characterize the nature of...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Painting, French--19th centuryPainting--France--HistoryFrance--History--Louis Philippe, 1830-1848Art--Study and teachingArt and state--FranceAcademic art, French

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II. The Curriculum of the Private Ateliers: Practice

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

In 1869, a newly elected member of the Academy, Isidore Pils, read an historical notice on the deceased member he was replacing ...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Painting--Study and teachingDrawing--Study and teachingDrawing--CopyingPainting, French--19th centuryArt--Study and teachingAcademic art, French

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III. The Curriculum of the Private Ateliers: Masters

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~In this chapter individual ateliers will be discussed; before we get down to specific cases, however, a few remarks on the atelier social structure, as well as its workaday routine, are desirable.

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Painting--Study and teachingDrawing--Study and teachingArtists' studiosPrix de RomeAcademic art, FrenchArt studentsArt teachers

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IV. The Academic Sketch

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

In the closing months of 1830, Raoul-Rochette, then a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et des Belles-Lettres, published a diatribe against public competitions for artists ...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Artists' preparatory studiesOil sketchesArt--TechniqueArt criticism--France--History--19th centuryRomanticism in artImpressionism (Art)--FranceUnfinished works of art

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V. The Sketch in Practice

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~While the critics theorized about the sketch, the Academy taught, in fact, the elaborate sketching procedures. It is not surprising, therefore, that the Academy’s technical sketch training provided the independents with a basis for their personal experiments. Seen in this context, an examination of the Academy’s sketch practice may very...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Artists' preparatory studiesOil sketchesArt--Competitions--FranceArt and state--FranceAesthetics, French--19th century

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VI. The Copy

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

The imitative procedure was fundamental to the Academic curriculum. Initiated on the elementary level, it continued through the advanced degrees of instruction at the Academy at Rome ...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Aesthetics, French--19th centuryDrawing--CopyingCopyingImitation in artArt--ReproductionPainting, French--19th century

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VII. The Academic Landscape: Traditional Procedure

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~The general notion that the Academy disdained landscape is misleading and throws the genesis of nineteenth-century landscape painting seriously out of perspective. Far from being opposed to this genre, almost all nineteenth-century Academicians systematically practised landscape painting; as early as 1817 it was consecrated in the Academic...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Landscape painting, FrenchPrix de RomeOil sketchesLandscape painting, French--19th centuryAcademic art, FrenchUnfinished works of art

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VIII. The Academic Etude: Generative Procedure

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~The role of the landscape étude in nineteenth-century French art is a prominent one. We have seen its kinship to the esquisse, not only with respect to execution, but also in pictorial function. Composition was the goal of both étude and esquisse, with emphasis upon the effect....

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Landscape painting, French--19th centuryAcademic art, FrenchOil sketchesArt--TechniqueAesthetics, French--19th century

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IX. The Aesthetics of the Sketch

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~The transformation of pictorial techniques and the breakdown of traditional studio routine resulted in the establishment of innumerable artistic styles, creeds and dogmas. Despite their disorder and complexity these styles exhibit certain general features that can be aptly classified under the heading of the aesthetics of the sketch. These...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

Subjects: Academic art, FrenchOriginality in artOriginality (Aesthetics)Aesthetics, French--19th centuryUnfinished works of artArt criticism--France--History--19th century

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Conclusion

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

~This study has investigated the French Academic pedagogy and production in painting during the nineteenth century and their relationship both to progressive trends and to the official, or State, apparatus devoted to the Fine Arts. Although emphasis has of necessity been placed on the Academic viewpoint, references have been made to independent...

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press

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Bibliography

Albert Boime

The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century

Bibliography

Author

Albert Boime

PublisherYale University Press