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Index
Fu Xinian, Nancy S. Steinhardt (Editor), Alexandra Harrer (Translator)
Description: Traditional Chinese Architecture: Twelve Essays
Traditional Chinese Architecture: Twelve Essays
Index
Author
Fu Xinian, Nancy S. Steinhardt (Editor), Alexandra Harrer (Translator)
PublisherPrinceton University Press
Copyright©2017 by Princeton University Press
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-23712
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Index
Page numbers in boldface refer to figures.
Abstinence Palace: post-Yongle period, 338, 339, 342, 344, 344, 345
Yongle period, 334, 335, 335, 336, 337
Altar(s), of Agriculture, 317, 343
of Earth, 317, 333
of Heaven, xxx, 316, 317, 330, 333–46, 342, 345, 345
of Heaven and Earth, 333, 334–37, 337, 338, 339, 340, 343
of Moon, 317
of Mountains and Rivers, 333
of Prayer for Grain, 340
of Soil and Grain, xxx, 247, 248, 270, 272, 316, 317, 319, 325, 330
Soil and Grain, halls of (see Soil and Grain Altars); of Sun, 317
An-Shi Rebellion, 168, 229–30
anceng, 101
Ancestor Worship Hall, 322, 326
Ancestral Temple, in Beijing, xxx, 247, 249, 316, 317, 325, 330, 330–31, 332, 333
Ji Gate of, 220, 256, 332
in Jiankang, 100
of Wang Mang, 171, 180
Anqiu (tomb). See Dongjiazhuan
apsara, 84. See also feitian
architrave, 32, 33, 36, 47, 115, 183, 276, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282. See also lan’e; yan’e; you’e
Asuka, architecture of, 125–29
awnings, 299, 307. See also shade shields
Back Halls, xxx, 323, 324, 326, 329, 336, 346
Baekje, architecture of, 125
Bai Juyi, 181
balustrade(s), 203
Bamin tongzhi, 277, 278
banmen, 188
banwa, 54
Baoguo Monastery, Daxiongbao Hall/main hall, 75, 76, 214, 230, 231, 234, 235, 238, 241, 283–84, 286, 288, 289
Baohe Hall. See Preserving Harmony, Hall of
baosha, 71
Baosha Monastery, in Chang’an, 125
Baoying, inner coffin, 230
bargeboard, 55, 55
batou jiaoxiang, 112, 185, 287
batter, 34, 37
beam-head, 42, 44, 47, 47, 63, 64, 185, 237, 240, 280, 281, 286, 289, 291, 294
beams, 291–92 bearing-block, 22, 23, 34, 42, 61, 62, 68, 134, 135, 137, 138, 141, 151, 156, 189, 212, 213, 237, 284, 285, 286, 289, 290–92, 293
begonia-petal-shaped molding, 285, 286, 292
Beijing, xxix, xxx, 247, 248, 256, 270, 315–47
Beijing gujianzhu, xxix
Beiping(fu), 317
Beishi, 39
Beiting, 230
bent frame. See paijia
Bhagavat Sutra Repository, of Huayan Monastery, 256
bi, 29, 98, 175
biankuang, 2
bianzhu moniqiang, 275
bidai, 99, 103, 104, 180, 181, 182, 183, 199
bihua, 45, 52
bizhu, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 180, 181, 182, 183, 197
blue-and-green landscape, 296
bofengban. See bargeboard.
Bohai, upper capital, 189
central hall of, 218
gate of, 218
palace site 1 of, 218, 228
palace site 3, 218, 228
palace site 4, 218, 309, 310
palace site 5, 219, 309, 310
surrounding corridor of, 219
Book of Changes, 320
bracket-arm, 291
bracket-eye, 219. See also gongyan
bracket sets, 248–49
floral imagery on, 38–39
bracket-tail(s), 280
bu, 318
Buddha cabinet, 42, 43, 45, 66
Buddhist paradise, 93, 185, 193, 229, 229
bujian puzuo. See intercolumnar bracket set
bundled bamboo columns, 74–76, 234
bundled lotuses, 45, 50, 53
bundled reed(s), 24, 25
busha linagtou, 305
cai, 127, 128, 134, 135, 143, 150, 154–55, 162, 163, 187–88, 209, 210, 219, 220, 221, 224, 246, 280, 347
grade of, 221
Cai Jing, prime minister of Song, 296, 297
cai-fen system, 134–35, 138, 209, 210, 214, 224, 225, 246, 248
caigao, 127, 128
caihua, 22, 45, 52, 54
camel’s-hump-shaped brace, 63, 74
canopies, 67
cantilever, 187
cantilever-tail, 276, 278, 280
cantilever-tip, 280, 284, 285, 286, 289, 291
cao, 88, 90, 178, 215, 254, 256
inner cao, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 122, 141, 176, 177, 178, 180, 183, 186, 189, 192, 254, 255, 258, 271
outer cao, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 122, 141, 176, 177, 180, 183, 186, 189, 199, 276, 283. See also dancao, double cao; fenxin doudicao; jinxian doudicao; shuangcao
cao column (inner and outer), 185
cao line, 258
Cao Tiandu, pagoda, 108–9
caofeng, 254
cao(ru)fu, 212, 222, 223
“Caotangji,” 181
cap-block, 2, 3, 33, 36, 38, 43, 290, 291. See also ludou
Cefu yuangui, 168, 194
cenggong, 131
cengmei, 184
cejiao, 71, 155, 248
center-block, 47
Central Harmony, Hall of, 316, 326
central pillar, 182
of pagoda, 130. See also chazhu
chagong, 274
chaitya arch, 33, 39, 47, 51
Chang’an zhi, 125, 168, 206
changlang, 36
Changli Reservoir, tomb at, 181, 182
changting, 90
chashou, 73, 312, 304. See also inverted-V-shaped truss
chazhu, 81
cheshang lumingzao, 283
Chen, Heqing, 274, 293
Chen Mingda, xxvii, xxviii, 209, 267
cheng, in Shiming, 72
Cheng Dachang, 168
Cheng, Emperor, of Eastern Jin, 84
Cheng(di), Emperor, of Han, 203
chengliu, 76
Chengtian, Gate, of Daminggong, 169, 190, 194, 197, 204
Chengzhenmen (Gate), of Altar of Heaven, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 337, 338, 339, 342, 343, 344, 344, 345, 345
chi, 158, 216, 219, 22, 232
in Tang, 232, 233
chiwei, 33, 43, 55, 100, 302
in Tang, 185, 196, 197, 206. See also owl’s-tail-shaped ornament
Chōgen, Shunjōbō, 238, 273, 274, 286, 293–94
Chongfusi (monastery), Amitābha Hall of, 109, 268, 269, 271
Chonghua, Monastery, in Yongxing, 129
chonglu, 131
chongmei, 180, 184, 185
Chongshan Monastery, in Taiyuan, 310
Chongwen Gate, 343
Chongxun Gate, xxvi
chuan, 213. See also rafter
chuandou, 99, 100, 237, 240, 281–82, 283, 290, 291, 293, 294, 295, 304
chuanfang, 282
chuang, 86–87, 88
chuiji. See vertical (roof) ridge
chuomufang, 70, 71, 72, 243, 267, 270
Chuzu Hermitage, 214, 236, 236, 237.
See also Shaolinsi city gates, 77
Cininggong (palace). See Compassionate Repose Palace
Circular Mound (Altar). 333, 337–40, 337, 339, 342, 343, 344, 344, 345, 346
cloud-shaped bearing-block(s), 141
cloud-shaped bracket-arm, 141
column (or pillar) displacement, 243, 253–72, 270
column (or pillar) elimination (or omission), 176, 177, 257, 258, 267–68, 269, 270–71, 270
column network, 70, 242, 249, 253, 254
column slenderness ratio, 40
column-and-tie-beam construction. See chuandou
column-top joist, 278, 282. See also zhutoufang
Compassionate Repose Palace, 322, 326, 329
Confucian Temple, in Beijing, 329
in Pingyao, 240
in Qufu, 329
courtyard(s), 315
crescent(-moon)-shaped beam, 63, 63
crossbeam, 32, 42
Cultural Revolution, xxvii
Cui Guang, 99, 131
Cui Xi, 84
cun, 158
Cuo, King, tomb of, 22–23, 66
Da Ming huidian, 333, 334, 335, 338
Da Tang liudian, 172, 193, 194
Dabei Pavilion, of Longxing Monastery, 95
Dadu, 243, 319, 320–21, 326, 329
Dacheng Pavilion, of Puningsi (monastery), 95
Dachengdian, of Confucian Temple, in Pingyao, 291
da’e, 270
Daigoji, Sutra Repository, 286, 289, 292, 294
Daminggong, xviii, xxvi, xxviii, 76, 124, 167, 329
damuzuo, 254
Danbi Bridge, 334, 335, 337, 345
dancai, 246, 276, 286
dancao, 254, 256
Danei, 316. See also Forbidden City
Danfeng Gate, 194, 196, 197, 204, 205
(Lanxi) Daolong, 274
Dasidian. See Great Sacrifice Hall
Datong, 229. See also Pingcheng
Dening Hall, 243, 256
descending cantilever, 185, 186, 187
Dezong, Emperor, of Tang, 168
diagonal (roof) ridge, 33, 39, 40
dian, 254
diange, 253, 254
diange dipan fencao, 254, 256
diantang, 210, 211, 214, 215, 222, 232, 241, 242, 246, 249, 253, 254–58, 258, 271, 275, 282–83, 286, 294, 305
diaojue, 131
diban longgu, 2, 3
difu, 124
dimianfang, 2, 3
dingfu, 222, 223, 275
dingtougong, 273, 274, 275, 276, 278, 280, 280, 281, 283, 287, 288, 289, 291, 292, 293, 295
dishui, 54
displacement, of columns or pillars. See column displacement
Dōgen, 274
Dongjiazhuan (tomb), 74, 75, 180, 182
Dongjingfu, 98
Dongnei. See Eastern Within
dou(gong), 23
double cao, 186, 198, 254, 256, 256
enclosed by fujie, 178
doujian tingxie, 253–54
doukou, 246, 248, 347
dousi cuanjian. See inverted-bucket-shaped ceiling
douzi shuzhu, 126, 185
drip tile. See dishui
Dragon King Temple, 255. See also Guangshengsi
Dragonhead Ridge, 172, 194
Dragontail Path, 172, 174–75, 175, 194, 195, 196, 197, 204, 205, 206, 207
Du Fu, 76, 195
Duanmen (Primordial Gate), in Beijing, 324, 325
(Gate of Uprightness), in Jiankang, 126
duiliu, 58, 76, 77
dujiaomen, 306
dunduo, 103
Dunhuang. See Mogao caves
duodian, 205
duojiadou, 29
duolou, 57
dwarf column, 200, 269, 281, 288, 289, 292
ear tower. See duolou
Earth, Altar of. See Altar
earthen platform. See tai
Earthly Repose, Hall of, 316, 321, 323
Eastern Peak, Temple of, Beijing, 329
Eastern Within, 168, 169, 196
eave-tile. See wadang
eaves-lifting columns. See qingyanzhu
eaves purlin, 42, 47, 49, 185. See also purlin
ebikōryō, 244
Eisai, 274
ejiao, 235
end-block, 23, 38, 42, 47, 61, 62, 134, 136, 141, 292, 293
entasis, 37, 63, 277
Epang Palace, 85
erfang, 197, 298, 299, 300
Erya, 29
Famensi pagoda, 217
fang, 188, 189
fanggewang, 324
Fangshan, Shanxi, 107
Fantian Monastery, Suzhou, 234
Fayuan zhulin, 66, 100
Fei, Emperor, of Western Wei, 40
feibi, 98
feidao, 98
feitian, 46
fen, 163, 209, 214
Tang compared to Song, 215, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 244, 246, 248
“fen,” 216
Fengchu, 23, 25, 267, 329
Fengguo Monastery, 232, 265, 282, 283
Great Buddha Hall of, 232, 265, 266
Fenghuanghe, 73
Fengxian Hall. See Ancestor Worship Hall
fenxin (doudi)cao, 254, 255, 256, 256
First Generation (of Chinese architects), xv, xxxii
Five Dragons Temple, 227, 263
Five Eastern and Western Lodges, 322, 323, 323, 329, 345
Five Mountains and Ten Monasteries, 274, 294
floor beam, 182
flat tile. See banwa
floor plank, 2, 3
floral imagery, in bracket sets, 38–39, 38, 62
“Flour Mill Powdered by a Water-wheel,” 72
Fogong Monastery, 90–91, 92. See Timber Pagoda
Foguangsi, east hall, 67, 73, 74, 86, 88, 89, 89, 93, 163, 211, 212, 214, 215, 217, 222, 227–28, 228, 230, 232, 237, 249, 256, 282, 283
Mañjuśrī, Hall of, 262, 267, 269, 271
Forbidden City, xxix, xxx, 76, 196, 247, 316, 316–21, 322, 333, 336, 346
Foshan Ancestral Temple, 238
Fourth Generation (of Chinese architects), xv
frog’s-legs struts, 293
Fu Jia, 100
Fu Xinian, xv, xvi, xviii
biography, xxv–xxxii
Fu Zengxiang, xxix
Fu Zhongmo, xxix
fubigong, 184, 185, 234, 273, 280, 284
fujie, 90, 122, 175, 177, 177–78, 179, 179, 180, 184, 188, 199, 200, 242
Fuqiao Bridge, 312
fuxiang, 280
Fuzhou, 238
Gangōji, 310
ganlan, 17, 18, 20–21, 22, 304
Ganlu(‘an) Hermitage, 241, 273, 274, 280–82, 281, 283, 289, 290, 291, 292
Gao Keming, 309
Gaozong, Emperor, of Southern Song, 308
Gaozong, Emperor, of Tang, 167, 168
Gaozu, Emperor, of Tang, 167. See also Li Yuan
gate(s), 197–98, 306
gate-piers, 197–98. See menduan
ge, 92, 190, 254
gedao, 98, 99, 99, 100
geomancy, 318
Geyuan Monastery, in Laiyuan, 232
gezimen, 275
Goguryeo, 37,
Gokurakubō Miniature Pagoda, of Gangōji, 158–60, 159, 162, 163–64, 233
gong (bracket-arm), 23
gong plan, 194, 298, 300, 301, 302, 309–11, 310, 313, 321, 326, 330 (Gongbu)
Gongcheng zuofa (zeli), 316
Gongdianfu, 243
gongshang manfang dou, 293
gongyan, 286. See also bracket-eye
gongyanbi, 59
Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution, 85
Great (Ceremonial/Sacrificial) Banquet
Hall, 333, 334, 340. See also Hall for Prayer for a Prosperous Year
Great Buddha style, xxix, 238, 273, 274, 286–94, 287, 295
Great Ming Gate. 324, 325, 329
Great Qing Gate. See Great Ming Gate
Great Sacrifice Gate, 334, 335, 337, 339, 340, 346
Great Sacrifice Hall, xxx, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 337, 339, 340, 346
Great Ultimate Hall/Palace; of Eastern Jin Jiankang, 84, 100
of Northern Qi Ye, 122, 132
of Northern Wei Luoyang, 99, 102, 107–8
of Northern Wei Pingcheng, 122
of Tang Chang’an, 167, 197, 204
of Wei-Jin Luoyang, 98, 99, 100, 122
Great Wild Goose Pagoda, 73, 184, 185, 192
grill window(s), 188, 299, 305, 306, 313,
Gu Hongzhong, 87
Gu Mu, xxviii
gualeng, 74, 75, 76. See melon-shaped columns
Guande Hall, 168, 181, 197, 206
Guangfan Gate, 194
Guangji Monastery, Sandashi Hall of, 265, 266
Guangshengsi, 243
Lower Monastery, Main Hall of, 268
Guanxiang Gate, 196, 205, 206
Guanyin Pavilion, of Dule Monastery, 93, 94, 144, 214, 232
guazigong, 212
Gugong, 316. See also Forbidden City
guitouwu, 302, 303, 308, 309
guiwei, 320
Guyang Cave, at Longmen, 69, 74, 109, 112, 113, 113, 115, 118
Haihui Hall, of Huayan Monastery, 264, 282
Hakuhō, architecture of, 150
Halberd Gate, 330, 331, 332
Hall of Mirrored Flowers, 42
Han Kuangsi, 93, 233
Hancheng, 243, 270
Han-Tang duchengtu, 178
Hanlinyuan (courtyard), of Daming-gong, 218
back hall, 218
front hall, 218
Hanyao Gate, 204
Hanyuan Hall, xxvi, xxviii, 167, 195, 215, 217, 228
bracket sets and beam frameworks, 184–88, 185
colors, 189
columns and architraves, 183–84
date(s), 168–69, 206
excavation, 169–72
floor, 178–80
flying corridors, 193
interior design, 188–89
load-bearing exterior walls, 180–83, 183
reconstruction, 172–207, 173, 174, 175
roof, 189
Hanyuandian fu, 172, 175, 199
Haqing Palace, in Tang Chang’an, site T2, 218
Heavenly Favors, Hall of, 247, 248, 256
Heavenly Peace Gate. See Tian’anmen
Heavenly Purity, Gate of, 321, 322, 323, 325
Heavenly Purity, Hall of, 316, 321
Hedong Monastery, in Jinzhou, 66
Heijōkyō, 150
hengmei, 105
hengmen, 105, 299, 300, 306
heta, 289, 292
hip-gable roof, 305, 311
hipped roof, 193, 305, 311. See also si’e; wudianding
Hokkiji pagoda, 126, 128, 141, 148–50, 149
Hongwu, Emperor, 334
Hōrinji pagoda, 141
Hōryūji, 81, 82, 125, 126, 141, 141–48
covered corridor, 126, 142, 283
Kondō, 126, 127, 127, 128, 141–45, 163, 216
middle gate, 126, 187
pagoda, 108, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 145–48, 147, 156, 163, 187
Hou Jing, General, 126, 130
Houtu, shrine or temple, 309, 310
Houyingfang, xxviii
Hu, Empress Dowager, 107, 123, 131
hu (vessel), 4
huagong, 184, 185, 187, 209, 213, 276, 278, 281, 281, 295
Huai, Emperor of Jin, 99
Hualinsi (monastery), main hall of, 230, 231, 237, 238, 241, 273, 274, 275–77, 276, 278, 280, 281, 282, 283–84, 284–86, 285, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292
Huan Chong, 101
Huang Chao Rebellion, 168
Huang Zhongzhao, 277
huangcheng. See imperial-city
Huangji Hall. See Imperial Ultimate Hall
Huayan Monastery, Lower Monastery, Sutra Repository of, 232
Huizong, Emperor, 296, 297
Huo Chengsi, tomb of, 101, 101
huozhu, 44
Huqiao tomb, 125
hybrid hall, 282
hypostyle, 253
Ikaruga, Japan, 81, 126
Imperial Ultimate Hall, 326, 328, 329
Imperial Way, 204, 325, 330, 344, 345
imperial-city (administrative-city), 197, 204, 324
inner and outer cao columns, 183, 184
inner court, of Daminggong, 169, 197
of Northern Qi, 122
Inner Court, of Forbidden City, xxx, 326, 327, 329
intercolumnar bracket sets, 74
inverted-bucket-shaped ceiling, 39, 51, 51
inverted-V-shaped brace, 47, 72–74, 73, 125, 125, 141
inverted V-shaped truss, 49, 72–74, 73, 114, 115, 125, 125, 180, 212. See also chashou
Jiajing Plan, for Altar of Heaven (and Earth), 334
jian, 308
jiandi pingsa, 202
jianfeng, 258
Jiangshan qiusetu, 309
Jiankang, palace of, 77, 80, 100
Jiankang shilu, 129
Jianwen, Emperor, of Liang, 130
jiaobei, 222, 223
jiaofudou, 278, 292
Jiaohe, 230
jiaohudou, 213
jiaoji. See diagonal (roof) ridge
jiaoliang, 130
jiaolou, 57, 205
Jiaotai Hall. See Mutual Ease, Hall of
Jidu Temple, Dragon King Pavilion of, in Jiyuan, Henan, 71, 309, 310
jie, 29, 175
jiehua, 56, 296, 297
jiejianxi, 204
jigong, 131
Jiming Monastery, in Luoyang, 76, 123
Jinan, Shandong, 28
Jingfudian fu, 99
jinggan gouzao, 126
Jingshan. See Prospect Hill
Jinshu, 100, 101
Jinshui Bridge, 326
jinxiang doudicao, 254, 255, 256
jinzhu (interior column), 275
jituan, 219
Jiu Tangshu, 168, 184, 187, 188, 196
Jiuchenggong. See Renshougong
Jōdodō, of Jōdoji, 274, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292, 293, 294
joist, 49, 50, 187
Joyful Longevity Hall, 326, 328
Jushiji, 309
Kaibao Monastery, 234
Kaihua Monastery, in Gaoping, 235
Kairyūōji, miniature pagoda, 156–58, 157, 163
Kaishan Monastery, main hall of, in Xincheng, 232, 265
Kaiyuan Monastery, Yi county, Hebei, 233
kanejaku, 142, 143
Karayō, 274
karma, 80
Kawaradera, 310
kehua, 2
Kōfukuji, three-story pagoda of, 164, 165
komajaku, 128, 142, 143, 216
Kongshi zuting guangji, 309–10
Kuakongfang, 247
Kunning Hall. See Earthly Repose, Hall of
Kyoto palace, 309, 310
lan’e, 32, 72, 212 See also architrave
laojiaoliang, 213
Leifeng Pagoda, 234
lengthwise framework, 24. See also zongjia
Leshou Hall. See Joyful Longevity Hall
Li Changfu, 169
Li Cheng, 309
Li Hua, 172, 175, 184, 188, 189, 194, 196, 199, 204
Li Jing, Emperor, of Southern Tang, 308
Li Jingxun, sarcophagus of, 134, 135
Li Keyong, 169
Li Shimin, 206. See also Taizong, of Tang
Li Shizhong, 62
Li Shou, sarcophagus of, 134
tomb of, 69
Li Xun, 175
Li Yuan, 206. See also Gaozu, of Tang
Li Yunxin, 42
Li Zheng, 196
liang. See crossbeam
Liang (dynasty) tomb, 125
Liang Kejia, 277
Liang Sicheng, xvi, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, xxviii, 209
Liangjing xinji, 172, 204, 205
liangpeng, 299, 307
liangshi qiao, 302
Liangshu, 77
liangxia, 305
liaofengtuan, 279, 295
liaoyanfang, 132, 281, 291, 295
Liji, 76
lin. See (eaves) purlin(s)
Linde Hall or Palace, xxvi, 76, 124, 170, 174, 175, 215, 217
Ling, Duke, of Jin, 29
linggong, 184, 185, 213, 234, 235, 273, 276, 279, 280, 294,
Lingquan Monastery pagodas, in Anyang, 103
lingtai, 85
Linguang Hall, of Northern Wei, 84
linjia (tixi), 267, 281
lintel, 24, 182
Literary Gems Hall, 322, 329
Liu Dunzhen, xxvii, xxviii, xxxii, 209
Liu Gongquan, 203
Liu, nobleman, in Langya, 74, 75
Liu Shao, Crown Prince, 100
Liu Sheng, Prince, 66
Liu Songnian, 309
Liu Xiangzhen, xxviii
Liudian. See Da Tang liudian
Liyuan xianmintu, 309
longchi, 203, 203, 204
longitudinal floor joists. See dimianfang
longitudinal lintel. See mei
Longmen, 120
Longxingsi (monastery), 95
lotus pedestal, 43
louge, 81
Lu Banjing, 316
Lu Cave, Longmen, 109, 112, 115
(lu)weishu. See bundled reed(s)
Lu You, 309
ludou, 2
Luoyang, 80
Luoyang Bridge, 312
Luoyang Palace, Jiuzhou Pool of, 219
no. 1, of Northern Wei, 66
of Tang, 329
of Western Jin, 100
Luoyang qielan ji. See Record of Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang
Lüshi chunqiu, 329
Ma Zhou, 206
madao, 99, 174
Maijishan, xxviii, 31–77, 32
cave 1, 36–37, 36
cave 3, 62, 63, 63, 64, 65, 65, 67
cave 4, 41–46, 43, 44, 45, 59–60, 60, 61–65, 66–68, 69, 72, 74, 83, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 93, 118, 119, 121
cave 5, 46–48, 47, 67, 69, 83, 120, 121
cave 9, 41
cave 15, 48–49, 49, 66, 72, 73
cave 26, 52, 54, 67
cave 27, 52, 53, 58–59, 59, 67, 68, 69, 72, 74, 119
cave 28, 32–34, 33, 66, 68, 69, 118, 121
cave 30, 34, 35, 64, 66, 68, 118, 121
cave 43, 37–40, 38, 66, 68, 69
cave 44, 64
cave 49, 40–41, 41, 66, 74, 76
cave 127, 49–50, 50, 54, 56–58, 56, 67, 76, 77, 191, 206
cave 133, 44
cave 140, 54–56, 55, 72, 73
cave 141, 51, 51, 54, 67
cave 168, 62, 64, 67
Middle Seven Buddhas Hall of, 41
Mirrored Flowers, Hall of, 42, 67
Moon Disc Palace, 42
Scattered Flower Pavilion of, 41
Upper Seven Buddhas Hall of, 41 (see also cave 4)
madao, 174
mandao, 174
mangong, 184, 212
maokou, 132
Maolin yuanxiutun, 309
Martial Valor Hall, 322, 326, 329
mazhatou, 240
mei, 2, 24
Mei Hermitage, 238
melon-shaped column(s), 74, 75, 76, 234
mendun, 56
Mengcun, Henan, 24
Meridian Gate, of Forbidden City, 77, 324, 325, 326
mezzanine level, 90, 93, 94, 94
Mi Fu, 312
Middle Seven Buddhas Hall. See Maijishan
minban, 36, 37, 141, 237, 277, 284, 285, 286, 290, 294
Ming, Emperor, of (Liu-)Song, 123, 129–30
Ming shilu, 338
Mingde Gate, 204
mingqi, 100, 120, 133, 181, 232
ming(ru)fu 213, 222
Mingtang, 17, 26, 333
of Han Chang’an, 180, 182
of Tang, 184, 186, 187
Minzhong Monastery, 95
Mirrored Flowers, Hall of. See Maijishan
Mizuo Hall, in Hualin Park, 84
module, xxxi
in Tang, 209–25
in Forbidden City, 329–34
Mogao caves, cave 138, 198
cave 148, 229
cave 172, 185, 197
cave 248, 103
cave 249, 181, 183
cave 251, 66
cave 257, 103, 116, 181
cave 275, 103, 104, 181, 183
cave 285, 103, 116, 181
cave 296, 103, 116, 181, 183
cave 420, 69, 120, 181
cave 428, 181, 183
cave 431, 181, 183
cave 433, 69
mokoshi, 151
Moon, Altar of. See Altar
Moon Disc Palace. See Maijishan
mother-and-son que. See que
motou, 2
mozhu, 2
muliang pingding, 282
Murōji, 158, 160–62, 161, 163, 233
Mutual Ease, Hall of, 321, 323
muwen, 87
muxiao, 223
muzique. See mother-and-son que
nabi, 20
Nan’an Pavilion, 281, 289
Nanbu xinshu, 203
Nanchansi (monastery), main hall of, 69, 74, 79, 86, 88, 88, 93, 140, 143–44, 163, 212, 214, 215, 216, 217, 222, 227, 263, 284
Nanshi, 130
Neichong Gate, of Daminggong, 217
nei’e, 243, 269
nidaoggong, 135, 137, 141, 184, 185, 210, 212, 284, 294
Night Revels of Han Xizai, 87
nijū kōryō kaerumata, 293
Nine Temples, 98
of Wang Mang, 17, 18, 20, 22, 26, 27
Ning Mao sarcophagus, 69, 73, 119, 121, 180
Ningshou, Gate and Palace. See Repose and Longevity Gate and Palace
Northern Tang, architecture of, 234
numbers 9 and 5, 326, 331
Numinous Hall. See Mingtang
ogee arch. See chaitya arch
outer court, of Daminggong, 194, 197
Outer Court, of Forbidden City, 326, 329
overhanging gable roof, 305–6
owl’s-tail-shaped ornament, 33
pagoda, 79, 90–91, 92
paijia, 121
panjian, 258, 278, 282, 294
parallel chord truss, 58, 74, 109, 267, 268
pavilion. See ge
Penglaigong, 167
pier block, 103, 105, 108. See also dunduo
pier platform, 17–20, 172–74, 175
ping’an, 275
Pingcheng, 102, 104
palaces of, 108
Pingjiangtu, 309, 310
pingliang, 48, 49, 212, 269, 279, 280, 287, 288, 290
pingqi, 254
Pingshan, 22
pingxiangxian hengjia. See parallel chord truss
pingzuo, 6, 8, 22, 57, 90, 93, 113, 124, 177, 178, 179, 185, 191, 193
pingzuoceng, 93
Prayer for a Prosperous Year, Gate of, 333, 342, 344, 345
Prayer for a Prosperous Year, Hall for, 333, 334, 335, 336, 340, 341, 342, 342, 344, 345, 345. See also Great (Ceremonial/Sacrificial) Banquet Hall
Preservation of Harmony, Hall of, 256, 316, 327
Primordial Gate. See Duanmen
principal roof ridge, 33
Prospect Hill, 317, 321, 325, 329
Puning Monastery, Dacheng Pavilion of, in Chengde, 95
(eaves) purlin(s), 24, 33, 33
purlin construction framework, 267
pushing-out gables, 55
puzuoceng, 126
pyramidal roof, 299, 300, 305
Qianbulang. See Thousand-Pace Corridor
qiancuo, 2
Qianqinggong. See Heavenly Purity, Hall of
Qianqingmen. See Heavenly Purity, Gate of
Qifengge, 184, 190–92, 195, 204
qigu, 333
Qigutan. See Altar, for Prayer for Grain
qinggunwa, 189
Qinglong Monastery, in Chang’an, 215, 217
Qingming shanghe tu, 297
Qingsi Hall, of Daminggong, 218
qingyanzhu, 21
Qingzheng Tower, of Xinqing Palace, in
Chan’an, of Tang, 217, 218
Qiniandian. See Hall for Prayer for a Prosperour Year
Qinsi yuanqiu li, 338
Qinyang, Henan, stele, 69, 119, 121
Qionghua Island, 243
Qiqiao Tower, 169
Qixiashan tomb, 125
Qixiasi/shan, xxix, 145, 173–74, 174
Quanzhou, 238
que, 25, 26, 77, 103, 104, 172, 181, 184, 190, 191, 193, 194
in Anyang, 191
child, 191, 192
double-body, 190, 191
mother-and-son/child, 57, 190, 191
single-body, 190
triple-body, 192
two-child, 193
queti, 235
rafter, 24, 33, 49, 280, 292–93
rafter-concealing board. See zhechuanban
rail. See motou
Record of Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang, 76, 77, 80, 81, 85, 113, 122, 123, 124, 131
Record of Zhangde Prefecture, 122
reed bundles. See bundled reed
renmu, 124, 182
Renshou Pagoda, of Kaiyuan Monastery, 285, 286, 289, 290, 191
Renshougong, hall 37
of, 199–201, 201, 202, 227, 228
Repose and Longevity Gate, 326, 328
Repose and Longevity Palace of, 324
ridge purlin, 63
“rise,” of columns, 70, 248
roof ridges, 54–55, 55
“rough” beams, 242
Ru Shuji, 309
rufu, 185, 186, 269, 275, 276
Ruru Jataka, 103
Sage Mother Hall, 176, 199, 235, 255, 257, 258, 271
Saidaiji, Nara, 158
sandou. See end-block
Sanfeng Monastery, 238
sangdun, 170
Sanqing Hall, of Daminggong, 217
Sanshanzhi, 277
sashihijiki, 274
Scattered Flower Pavilion. See Maijishan
Second Generation (of Chinese architects), xv
semicircular tile. See tongwa
“seven-red-and-eight-white,” 284
shaku, 158. See also chi
shakujōbori, 288, 292
shaliangtou, 305
Shang Kuo, xxvi
Shang Ting, Prime Minister, 244
Shangdu, of Mongols, 243
Shanhua Monastery, in Datong, 232, 266
Daxiongbao/Main Hall, 214, 265, 266, 283
Sansheng Hall, 263, 264
Shanmen, of Dule Monastery, 144, 144, 214, 232, 256
Shedi Huiluo, sarcophagus of, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 210
Shejitan. See Altar, of Soil and Grain
shengqi. See “rise”
Shengshoubao Daoist Monastery, 238
shi, 188, 189
Shi Hu, Emperor, of Later Zhao, 67, 84
Shi Huangdi, 1
Shiming, 72
Shin Yakushiji, Hondō (principal hall) of, 158
Shitennōji, 81, 82, 141
Shiziwan (cliff), 74, 75
Shōmu, Emperor, 141
Shōsōin, 141
Shōtoku, Prince, 141
shoufen. See batter
“shrimp beam.” See ebikōryō
shuangcao. See double cao
shuangcao fujie zhouza, 178
shuatou, 234, 240, 286, 289, 291, 294
Shuijingzhu, 74, 124
Shuinan Pagoda, 285, 286, 291
shunfuchuan, 231, 235, 240, 241, 245, 247, 254, 269, 288
shunshenchuan, 288
Shuowen, 76
shuzu, 23. See dwarf column
shuzhuzhu, 22
sichuan(cao)fu, 213
sichuan(ming)fu, 213, 222
si’e, 26, 305
siheyuan, 300, 301, 323
Sijing shanshuitu, 309
Sima Jinlong, tomb of, 66
Sima Lun, 99
Six Eastern and Six Western Palaces, of Forbidden City, 316, 322, 323, 323, 324, 326, 329, 345
slanting crossbeam, 24
Soil and Grain, Altars of. See Altar
Soil and Grain Altars, of Beijing, Back Hall of, 247, 270, 272
Front Hall of, 270–71
sacrificial hall, 248
Song Minqiu, 168
Songshu (of Southern Dynasties), 100
Songyue Monastery or pagoda of, 79, 103
Southern Dynasties tombs, 144–45, 144, 145, 193, 193
Southern Tang architecture, 234
square grid (network), xxx, 18, 324, 326, 329, 331, 342, 343, 347; See also fanggewang
Standard History of Wei, 131
stupa. See pagoda
Su Shi, 309
Su Shunqin, 312
Sui pottery structure, 120, 121, 131–32, 133
Sumeru altar, 89. See also Xumizuo
sun, 158
Sun, Altar of. See Altar
sunju, 10
suozhu, 141
Supreme Harmony, Gate of, 321, 322, 323, 325, 326
Supreme Harmony, Hall of, 168, 256, 316, 321, 326
stile. See biankuang
suiliangfang, 247
suspended fish. See xuanyu
tai, 26
Taihedian. See Supreme Harmony, Hall of
Taihemen. See Supreme Harmony, Gate of
taiji, 100
Taijidian/gong. See Great Ultimate Hall/Palace
tailiang, 281, 282, 288, 290, 293, 295
Taimadera, west pagoda of, 156
Taimiao. See Ancestral Temple
taixie, 1, 11, 16, 17, 22, 24, 26–29, 28, 98, 99, 267
Taizong, of Tang, 167, 222
Tamamushi Shrine, 132
Tang huiyao, 204
(Great) Tang Regulations. See Da Tang liudian
Tang yulin, 204
Tanyao caves, 83, 105
Temple of Heaven. See Altar, of Heaven
Tempyō, architecture of, 151
Tenjikuyō, 273
Third Generation (of Chinese architects), xv
“thousand Buddhas,” 62
A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, 296–313
Thousand-Pace Corridor, 324, 325
Three Back Halls, 310, 316, 322, 323, 323
Three Front/Great Halls, 194, 310, 316, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 330, 346
Three Lakes, 317, 318, 320
three-rises-on-one-block, 38, 74, 109, 113, 115
Tian’anmen, 324, 325, 326, 329
Tianlongshan, 69, 135
cave 1, 117, 121
cave 8, 119, 121
cave 16, 73, 74, 117, 121, 133
Tiantai Hermitage, 210, 211, 219, 263
Tiantan. See Altar, of Heaven
Tianzhongtian Monastery, 130
tiaoliang, 294
tiaotou, 184
tie-beam, 281
tieluo, 133, 138
Tiger Hill Pagoda, 234
Timber Pagoda, 90–91, 92, 93, 144, 145, 164, 232, 233
timber pagodas, 123
timu, 3, 4, 6, 8, 23, 43, 47, 48, 49, 63, 132, 135, 185, 213, 279, 294
Tingshi, 76
tingtang, 210, 211, 222, 223, 236, 246, 253, 258–63, 259, 261, 262, 264, 265, 267, 270, 271, 275, 282–83, 288, 288, 290, 294, 295
tingxie, 299, 300, 301
Tōdaiji, 81, 82, 141, 158, 274
Great South Gate of, 273–74; 286, 287, 288, 290, 292, 293, 294
Tongqian Gate, 196, 205, 206
Tongtai Monastery, pagoda of, 101, 102, 130, 131
tongwa, 54
Tōshōdaiji, main hall of, 158, 185, 186
touxin, 151, 276, 289
transverse floor joist. See diban longgu
Tsinghua University, xvi, xxv
tuan, 213, 281
tuodun, 313
tuofeng, 185, 278 See also camel’s-hump-shaped brace
tuojiao, 221
tupi, 98
turtle-headed building. See guitouwu
Twin Pillars Tomb, 37
Two Back Halls, 316, 321, 322
Upper Seven Buddhas Hall. See Maijishan
vertical (roof) ridge, 33
viewing angles, of worshipers, 86–90, 87, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94
wadang, 54
waist eave(s). See yaoyan
wall thickening, 182
Wang Anshi, 312
Wang Chongrong, 169
Wang Dang, 204
Wang Pu, 204
Wang Qimeng, xxv, xxvi
Wang Senwen, 178
Wang Shiren, xxvi
Wang Ximeng, xxix, 296–97
Wang Xingyu, 169
Wang Yu, 107
Wang Yuanyou, 227
wangqi, 320
Warring States period, 1
water mill, 302, 303–4
Wayō, 274
Wei Xian, 72
Wei(-Jin) palaces, in Luoyang, 122–23
Weiyang Palace, site no. 4, 17, 18, 18, 19, 20, 22
Weishu, 81
Wen, Emperor, of Western Wei, 39, 40
Wen, Emperor, of (Liu-)Song, 100
Wen Palace, of Jiankang, 100
Wencheng, Emperor, of Northern Wei, 81
Wenhua Hall. See Literary Gems Hall
Wenming, Empress Dowager, mausoleum in Fangshan, 107
Wenzong, Emperor, of Tang, 188
Western Within, 168, 169
windows, 299, 300, 306–7, 313
wu, in Shiming, 72
Wude Hall, 169
Wu(di), Emperor, of Liang, 67, 84, 102, 126, 130
wudian ding, 305
Wudufu, 76
Wuguo gushi, 308
wujiaceng, 254
Wuli Bridge, 312
Wumen. See Meridian Gate
Wuyi Monastery, in Pingcheng (Datong), 81
Wuying Hall. See Martial Valor Hall
Wu-Yue kingdom, 234
Wuzong, Emperor, of Northern Zhou, 85
Wuzong, Emperor, of Tang, 85
Xi Gate, in Northern Wei Luoyang, 77
Xia Nai, 195
xia’ang, 276
Xiadu, capital, of Yan state, 25, 25, 26
Xiang, 188, 189, 300, 301
Xiang Liu, tomb-column shaft of, 76
Xianggong Monastery, 123, 130
Xiangluange, 172, 184, 190–92, 195, 204
Xiangtangshan, North, cave 2, 83
South, caves 1 and 2, 118, 131, 132
cave 3, 118
cave 7, 121
Xianyang Hall, in Ye, of Northern Qi, 132
Xianyang Palace no. 1, 26, 27, 98
Xiaoming, Emperor, of Northern Wei, 131
xiaoshi, 79
Xiaotangshan, 34
Xiaowen, Emperor, of Northern Wei, 105
Xiaowu, Emperor, of (Liu-)Song, 102
xiapingtuan, 278, 281, 284
xie, 29
xieliang. See slanting crossbeam
xieshan ding, 305
xiewu. See erfang
Xifang Monastery, 245
Xijinzhi, 95
Ximingsi, east hall of, of Chang’an, in Tang, 217
Xinei. See Western Within
Xiong Mengxiang, 95
Xishan xueyitu, 309
Xiuding Monastery, pagoda of, 103
Xizong, Emperor, of Tang, 169
xu, 188, 189
Xu Da, 317, 320
Xu Xun, 129
Xuanmiaoguan, Sanqing (Three Purities) Hall of, in Putian, 238, 273, 274, 278–80, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283–84
in Suzhou, 240–41, 242, 246, 256, 289, 290, 291, 292
xuanshan ding, 305
Xuanwu Gate, xxvi, 168
xuanyu, 55, 55
Xuanzheng Gate, 172, 193, 194
Xuanzheng Hall, 196, 197, 205
Xuchang Palace, 99
Xumizuo, 83. See Sumeru Altar
Xuyang zaju, 67
Xuzhou, 34, 74
Yakushiji, in Nara, 81, 82
east pagoda of, 151–56, 152, 163, 164, 216
Yamadadera, 82
Yanchunge, of Dadu, 321
yan’e, 70, 71, 72, 243
Yanfu Monastery, main hall of, 244, 245
Yang Naiji, xxvi
Yang Xuanzhi, 76, 80, 85
Yangxin Hall, 76, 270
yankou, 302
Yanshan Monastery, Mañjuśrī Hall of, 239, 239, 268
Yanying Hall, 169
Yao Chengzu, 164
Yaoguang Monastery, in Luoyang, 123
yaoyan, 2, 3, 128
Ye, 80, 84, 229
Yezhongji, 67, 84, 85
Yi, Master, 100
Yide, Prince, tomb of, 170, 184, 185, 189, 190, 191, 192
yidou sansheng. See three-rises-on-one-block
Yifu, Empress, 39
Yin Hong, 100
Yi’nan, 34, 181, 182
Yingshanling, 186, 189, 221
Yingtian Gate, 206
Yingzao fashi, xxvii, xxviii, xxx, 70, 76, 136, 171, 172, 174, 178, 182, 189, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 215, 220, 223, 234, 235, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246, 253, 254, 256, 256, 258, 260, 261, 263, 265, 267, 268, 274, 275, 278, 282, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 305, 307, 316
Yingzao fayuan, 164
yinyan, 302, 303, 305, 307
yizhu. See column (or pillar) displacement
Yong’an Palace, 206
Yong’angong, 167
yongdingzhu, 177, 179, 180, 192, 193
Yongle, Emperor, 247, 248, 256, 270, 272, 316, 318, 319, 320, 340
Yongle Plan, for Altar of Heaven (and Earth), 333, 334, 335, 336
Yonglegong, 243–44
Yongling, of Western Wei, 40
Yonglu, 168
Yongningsi (monastery), in Luoyang, 77, 81, 82, 102, 113, 122, 123
pagoda of, 123, 124, 131, 202, 202, 203
in Pingcheng, 123
Yongtai, Princess, tomb of, 190
you’e, 74, 269
Youyang zaju, 84
Yu Hao, 234
Yu Xin, 42, 62, 67
Yuan Henanzhi, 98
Yuan Jingshen, xxviii
yudao, 204
Yue Ke, 76
yueliang. See crescent(-moon)-shaped beam
yuetai, 326
“Yufuzhi,” of Songshi, 311
Yuhua Hall, of Yongshousi, 214
Yulou chunsi, 309
Yungang, 104, 105
cave 5, pagoda of, 108
caves 5 and 6, 105, 108
cave 6, 83, 109, 110, 111, 115, 116, 128, 131
caves 7 and 8, 103
cave 9, 69, 83, 105, 106, 108
caves 9 and 10, 103, 105, 107, 108, 115
cave 10, 83, 105, 106, 117
cave 12, 73, 74, 108, 112, 112, 113, 115
caves 16–20, 83 (see also Tanyao caves)
cave 21, 118
cave 39, 113
Yunlu manchao, 309
Yuquan Daoist Monastery, main hall of, 71, 72
yūri odaruki, 287, 288, 291
yuwu, 253
Yuzi shanji, 42
zanzao, 2
zaojing, 311
Zen style (architecture), xxix, 244, 274
zezhong, xxxi
zha, 298, 300
Zhakou White Pagoda, 235
zhang (Buddhist interior shrine), 84
Zhang Bo, xxx
Zhang Heng, 98
Zhang Jun, 277
Zhang Yu, 203
Zhang Zeduan, 297
Zhangdefu zhi, 84
zhanggan, 224, 244
Zhanghuai, Prince, tomb of, 170
zhangsheng, 318
Zhao Boju, 309
Zhao Daheng, 309
Zhao Yanwei, 309
zhaochen, 25, 26
Zhaoqing Gate, 204
Zhaoxun Gate, 194
Zhaoyang Hall, in Ye, of Northern Qi, 122
Zhaozong, Emperor, of Tang, 169
zhaqian, 192, 287, 289
zhechuanban, 288
zhejian, 203, 203, 204
Zhejiang minju, xxvi
Zhenguo Pagoda, of Kaiyuan Monastery, 285, 286
Zhenru Monastery, main hall of, 244, 245, 246
zhenshan, 321
zhi, 154, 162, 188, 209, 210, 280
zhilingchuang. See grill window(s)
Zhongbu village, Tang tombs in, in Xi’an, 181, 183
Zhongguo dabaike quanshu, xxix
Zhongguo gudai jianzhu shi, xxvi, xxviii
Zhonghuamen. See Great Ming Gate
Zhongxiu Kongmiaotu, 309
Zhongxiu Zhongyuemiao bei, 309
Zhu Bao, 243
Zhu Changwen, 312
Zhu Ci Rebellion, 168
Zhu Mei, 169
Zhu Wei, funerary shrine of, 66, 72, 73
Zhu Yun, 203
zhujiaofang, 130
Zhuque Gate, in Chang’an, of Tang, 197
zhutoufang, 254, 275, 282
zhuwang. See column network
Zichen Hall, 194, 196, 197, 204, 205
ziliaoliang, 213
Zizhi tongjian, xxv, 39, 99, 129
zongjia, 24, 105, 267, 270
zucai, 134, 155, 162, 188, 209, 246
zucaigong, 209. See also huagong
Zuo Si, 76