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David Bindman (Editor), Henry Louis Gates Jr. (Editor)
Description: The Image of the Black in Western Art, Volume V: The Twentieth Century, Part 1: The...
The Image of the Black in Western Art, Volume V: The Twentieth Century, Part 1: The Impact of Africa
Index
Author
David Bindman (Editor), Henry Louis Gates Jr. (Editor)
PublisherHarvard University Press
Copyright© 2014 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00145.019
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-17723
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Index
Page numbers in italics indicate illustrations. Page numbers in italics and in parentheses indicate details of illustrations.
Abolition of Slavery, The (Cela), 228–229, 229–230
Adekom, Scotsborough, Negro Number (Links Richten cover) [Oorthuys], 186, 186, 188
Adventures of Two Dutch Dolls and a Golliwogg, The (Upton), 28, 28–29
advertisements: A. & F. Pears Limited, 29, 30–31
Aunt Jemima pancakes, 35, 35, 37
Benetton advertisement (Toscani), 38, 38–39
On the Terrace (Hatterman), 188–189, 189–190
Visitez le Pavillon des Tabacs/Exposition Coloniale (Bosse), 148, 148
AF/Afweerfront (Oorthuys), 186, 188
A. & F. Pears Limited advertisement, 29, 30–31
African Head (Picasso), 258–259, 259–260
African Race, The (Hoffman), 69, 71
Africans: African Venus (Cordier), 64, 64–65
Anthropometric Form and, 68, 70–71
Aspects of Negro Life … (Douglas), 2, 3
Child Beside a Hut… (Picasso), 94, 94
Distress (Ward), 64–65, 66
Duggan-Cronin’s photographs of, 57–59, 59
Evan-Pritchard’s photographs of, 51, 52, 55, 56
Famine in Sudan (Carter), 38, 38–39, 40
48 savage women … (Steiner), 42–43, 42–43
Hobley’s photographs of, 55, 57
King’s throne (Königsthron), 127, (128)
Malik Ambar, xv, xvi
Mangbetu Woman (Hoffman), 71–74, 73
Mangbetu woman photograph and, 71–73, 74
Middlebrooks (?) photographs of, 48–49, 48–49
Negro Dancing Girl… (Hoffman), 71, 72–73, 74
nude black women and, 80, 82–83, 83–89, 97
Rattray’s photographs of, 50, 50–51, 53, 62, 62
Schapera’s photographs of, 53, 54–55
Seated Negro (Picasso), 94, 94–95, 96
Shilluk Warrior, 69, 71, 72–73
Three Swazi Girls (Stern), 184–185, 184–185. See also postcards of Africans
African Venus (Cordier), 64, 64–65
AfrikanischePlastik (Einstein), 153, 154–155
Afro-Cuban Dance (Carreño), 250–251, 251
Agassiz, Louis, 12–14
Agosta, the Winged Man, … (Agosta, der Flügelmensch …) [Schad], 167, 167–168
Akyem, Ras, 220, 221
albinism, 224–225, 225
All Coons Look Alike to Me (sheet music illustration), 30–31, 30–31
Allegory of the Departure of Dom Pedro II… (Anonymous), 228, 229
Alligator Bait (postcard), 25, 31, 33
Amaral, Tarsila do: Black Woman (A Negra), 232, 232, 233–234
Carnaval em Madureira, 234, 234–235
Andrade, Oswald de, 232, 234, 236, 239
Annunciation, The (Greaves), 208, 209
Anthropometric Form, 68, 70–71
Anthropophagite Manifesto (Andrade), 234, 236
antisemitism: Degenerate Art exhibition poster (Hermann), 170–171, 171–172
Jonny spielt auf, 170, 170–171
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 77, 92, 102–103, 135
apostles, 128, 128–129
Araujo, Emanoel, Totem de Xangô, 254, 254
Artists Milly and Sam in Kirchner’s atelier…, The (Kirchner), 114, 115
“Ashanti” (photograph) [Guenther], 82–83, 83, 85
Aspects of Negro Life (Douglas). See Douglas, Aaron, Aspects of Negro Life
Aunt Jemima pancakes (advertisement), 35, 35, 37
Ayón, Belkis, The Sentence no. 1, 252–253, 253
 
Babanki-Tungo Region (workshop), Leopard Stool (Leopardenhocker), 122, 122–123
Baker, Josephine: Jazz Baby (Covarrubias), 146–147, 147
Josephine Baker 1 (Calder), 150, 150–151
Josephine Baker (Dunand), 150, 150–151
Josephine Baker at the Negro Ball (Van Dongen), 162, 163
The Negress (Matisse), 152, 152
Negro Sculpture (Höch), 156-157, 157–158
photograph of, 163–164, 164
Le Tumulte noir (Colin), 146, 149, 150
ballet costumes, 140, 140–141, 234
Banana plantation (Bananal) [Segall], 241, 241
Barco Negreiro (Mendive), 239, 239
Barr, Alfred H., Jr.: Cubism and Abstract Art, 99, 100–101
on Kirchner, 103
Basuto Woman (photograph) [Stratz], 80, 83, 82–83
Bathers (Vlaminck), 102, 102
Bearer (Trägerin) [Heckel], 107–109, 108–109
Benetton advertisement (Toscani), 38, 38–39
Bertrand, Alexandre, Untitled, 214–215, 215
blackamoor figures, 34–35, 34–35
Black Magic (Magique Noir) [Hyppolite], 206, 206
Black Man in a Cap (White), 200, 200–201
Black Occupation, The (Die schwarze Besatzung) [Gulbransson], 158–159, 159–160
Black Shadows (Jordaan), 176, 176–177
Black Woman (A Negra) [Amaral], 232, 232, 233–234
Blanche et la noire, Le (Vallotton), 92–93, 93
Blazin I (Butcher), 210, 210–211
Blue Girl’s Head… (Blauer Mädchenkopf…) [Schmidt-Rottluff], 132–133, 132–133
“Bobos, Les” (Fortier), 82–83, 83–85, 97
Boccasile, Gino, Italia liberata, 34, 34–35
Bois Caiman’s Foreign Policy… (Omari Ra), 220–221, 220–221
Bosse, P., Visitez le Pavillon des Tabacs/Exposition Coloniale, 148, 148
Bowl with figures (Schale mit Figuren) [Fungom Region, Cameroon workshop], 106, 106–107
boxers, 138, 139, 179, 180–181, 181
Brancusi, Constantin, White Negress, 141, 142–143
breast-feeding: black woman with black child, 168, 168–169
black woman with white child, 38, 38–39, 121, 122–123
Broadway Melody (film), 141, 144, 144
Brocos, Modesto, The Redemption of Cain, 230–231, 230–231
Broodhagen, Karl, Patricia, 205, 205
Brown, Everald, Victory over Satan, 208, 209
Burke, Alex, The Spirit of the Caribbean, 195, 195
Burton, Richard Francis, A Mission to Gelele…, 89–90, 91, 93–94
Bust of a Man (Picasso), 100, 100–101
Butcher, Ras Ishi, Blazin I, 210, 210–211
 
Calder, Alexander, Josephine Baker 1 (Danse), 150, 150–151
Campbell, George, 211
Candombe (Figari), 243–245, 244–245
caricatures. See racial caricatures
Carnaval em Madureira (Amaral), 234, 234–235
Carreño, Mario, Afro-Cuban Dance, 250–251, 251
Carter, Kevin, Famine in Sudan, 38, 38–39, 40
Caryatid (Picasso), 108–109, 109–110
caryatid objects: Bowl with figures (Fungom Region, Cameroon workshop), 106, 106–107
Caryatid (Picasso), 108–109, 109–110
Female Nude in Tub (Kirchner), 123–124, 124
Leopard Stool (Babanki-Tungo Region workshop), 122, 122–123
Three Nudes (Kirchner), 123, 123
Castaway, The (Cozier), 221, (222–223)
Cavalcanti, Emiliano Di, Cinco moças de Guaratinguett, 239, 240–241, 241
Cela, R. Brandão, The Abolition of Slavery, 228–229, 229–230
Césaire, Aimé: African Head (Picasso) in Corps Perdu, 258–259, 259–260
“Mot” title page in Corps Perdu, 259, 260
poetry of, 200, 257–258
Chamisso, Adalbert von, 130–131
child, black: A. & F. Pears Limited advertisement, 29, 30–31
Alligator Bait (postcard), 25, 31, 33
black woman breast-feeding and, 168, 168–169
Child Beside a Hut… (Picasso), 94, 94
Mother and Child (Watson), 213, 214
Mother and Child Figure, North Yoruba Nigeria, 126, 126
small girl at play… (photograph) [Schapera], 53, 54–55
Venda girls filling granaries (photograph) [Duggan-Cronin], 58, 59
child, white: A. & F. Pears Limited advertisement, 29, 30–31
black woman breast-feeding and, 38, 38–39, 121, 122–123
children’s toys, 28, 28–29
Chong, Albert, Seated Presence, 221, 223, 224
Chosrova, Honore, Séance, 206, 207
Christ (Kristus) [Schmidt-Rottluff], 132–133, 133
Chronicle of the Artists (Chronik der Brücke) [Kirchner], 107, 128, 130, 130
Cinco moças de Guaratinguett (Cavalcanti), 239, 240–241, 241
circus performers: Agosta, the Winged Man, … (Schad), 167, 167–168
Circus Workers (Sander), 165, 166–167, 167
Clarke, LeRoy, In the Maze…, 218–219, 219–220
coin banks, 35, 36–37, 37
Colin, Paul: La Revue Nègre au Music-hall…, 135, 137
Tumulte noir, Le, 146, 149, 150
colonialism and colonial troops: Die Wacht am Rhein/Die Schwarze Schande (Goetz), 43–44, 44–45, 46
Simplicissimus (magazine cover), 42, 42
Veronica Frutescens (Mazerine) [Gardner], 224, 224–225
Visitez le Pavillon des Tabacs/Exposition Coloniale (Bosse), 148, 148
Colson, Jaime, Merengue, 247, 248
Cordier, Charles, African Venus, 64, 64–65
Corps Perdu (Césaire): African Head in, 258–259, 259–260
“Mot” title page in, 259, 260
Covarrubias, Miguel, Jazz Baby, 146–147, 147
Cozier, Chris, The Castaway, 221, (222–223)
Cravan, Arthur, 138, 139
Creation of the World, The (Léger), 140, 140–141, 234
Creole Portraits (Gardner), 224, 224–225
Crouching Woman (Hockende) [Kirchner], 124, 125
 
Danbala (Liautaud), 212, 212
dancers, black: Afro-Cuban Dance (Carreño), 250–251, 251
Candombe (Figari), 243–245, 244–245
Di Real Big Man (Patterson), 226, 226
Green Dancer/Dancing Negress (Sluyters), 177–178, 178–179
Israëls’s drawings and, 176–177, 177
Negro Dancer [Kornfeld collection] (Kirchner), 116–117, 117
Negro Dancer [Würth Collection] (Kirchner), 116–117, 117
Negro Dancing Girl of the Sara Tribe (Hoffman), 71, 72–73
Negro with a Dancer (Mueller), 120–121, 121
Untitled Male Nude (Holder), 216, 216
“Danse barbare, La” (Picasso), 83, 89, 90, 90, 92
Degenerate Art exhibition (Entartete Kunst Ausstellung), 170–171, 171–172, 172–173
De Kom, Anton, 186–189, 188
Demoiselles d’Avignon, Les (Picasso), 56, 77, 78–79, 80, 83–89, 96–98
Study for Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (Picasso), 77, 79
“Deux nus” (Picasso), 87–88, 87, 89, 202
Di Real Big Man (Patterson), 226, 226
Distress (Ward), 64–65, 66
Dix, Otto, To Beauty (An die Schönheit), 160–161, 161–163
Documents (journal), 141, 144, 144
Douglas, Aaron, Aspects of Negro Life: An Idyll of the Deep South, 2, 3
The Negro in an African Setting, 2, 3
From Slavery Through Reconstruction, 2–3, 3
Song of the Towers, 3, 4
Douglass, Frederick, 19–21, 20–21
Drana (photograph) [Zealy], 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
Drinker; Self-Portrait, The (Der Trinker; Selbstbildnis) [Kirchner], 130–131, 130–131
Dryad (Nude in the Forest) [Picasso], 110, 110–111
Du Bois, W. E. B., 176
Duggan-Cronin, A. M., and photographs of African women, 57–59, 58–59
Dulce de Membrillo (Figari), 245, 246–247
Dunand, Jean, Josephine Baker, 150, 150–151
Duval-Carrie, Edouard Retable des 9 Eslaves, 194–195, 195
 
Earl (Stoddart), 224–225, 225
Einstein, Carl: Afrikanische Plastik, 134, 153, 154–155
Negerplastik, 102, 109, 128, 132–134, 140, 154–155, 157–158, 172
Evans-Pritchard, E., and photographs of Africans, 51, 52, 55, 56
Eve (Manley), 201, 201–202
 
Famine in Sudan (Carter), 38, 38–39, 40
Female Nude in Tub (Weibliche Akt im Tub) [Kirchner], 123–124, 124
Figari, Pedro: Candombe, 243–245, 244–245
Dulce de Membrillo, 245, 246–247
Flanner, Janet, 135
folklore, 255, 255–256
Fortier, Edmond, “Les Bobos,” 82–83, 83–85, 97
50 Savage Women … (50 Wilde Kongoweiber…) (Steiner), 42–43, 42–43
Four Continents, representation of, 260, 260
Four Evangelists (Die vier Evangelisten) [Schmidt-Rottluff], 128, 128–129
Fox, Margaret, 19
freedom: Allegory of the Departure of Dom Pedro II…(Anonymous), 228, 229
Revolt (Williams), 218, 218
Frobenius, Leo: caryatid objects and, 108
Die Masken und Geheimbünde Afrikas, 77, 80, 80–81, 93–94
From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried (Weems). See Weems, Carrie Mae, From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried
Fruit Bowl (Obstschale) [Kirchner], 123, 124
Fungom Region, Cameroon (workshop), Bowl with figures (Schale mit Figuren), 106, 106–107
 
Gardner, Joscelyn E„ Creole Portraits, 224, 224–225
Veronica Frutescens (Mazerine); 224, 224–225
Garvens, Herbert, Schmidt-Rottluff Negerkunst, 133, 133
Goetz, Karl, Die Wacht am Rhein/Die Schwarze Schande (Black Shame medals), 43–44, 44–45, 46
Goll, Ivan, 163
golliwog figures, 28, 28–29
Gonzales, Christopher, Mountain Head (Woman of Zion), 208, 208
Gordon (army private), 20–21, 21–22
Gordon, Leah, Mulâtre from the Caste Series, 196, 196–197
Greaves, Stanley, The Annunciation, 208, 209
Green Dancer/Dancing Negress (Groen danseres/Dansende negerin) [Sluyters], 177–178, 178–179
Griaule, Marcel, “Masque ‘jeune fille,”’…, 60–61, 60–61
Grohmann, Will: Das Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 103–104
Zeichnungen von Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 103
Guayasamín, Oswaldo, The Lovers, 243, 243
Guenther, Karl, “Ashanti,” 82–83, 83, 85
Guillén, Nicolas, 247, 250
Gulbransson, Olaf, The Black Occupation (Die schwarze Besatzung), 158–159, 159–160
 
Haardt expedition, photographs taken during, 71–73, 72–74, 147
Harootian, Koren der, 211
Hatterman, Nola, On the Terrace…, 188–189, 189–190
Havelaar, Just, 179, 181
Hawkins, Kathleen, Plantation Workers on Their Way Home, 198, 199
Heckel, Erich: on African art, 108
Bearer (Trägerin), 107–109, 108–109
Five wood sculptures photograph (Kirchner [?]), 109, 110
Standing Child (Stehendes Kind), 76, 104, 105
Heckel, Sidi Riha, 115, 115
Hergé (Georges Remi), Tintin au Congo, 32–33
Hermann, Rudolf, Degenerate Art exhibition (Entartete Kunst Ausstellung), 170–171, 171–172
History Lesson, The (Huie), 204–205, 205
Hobley, Charles W., photograph of African man (possibly Ondun), 55, 57
Höch, Hannah: Love in the Bush (Liebe im Busch), 159–160, 160
Negro Sculpture (Negerplastik), 156–157, 157–158
The Sweet One (Die Süsse), 158–159, 158–159
Hoffman, Malvina: The African Race 69, 71
Anthropometric Form, 68, 70–71
Mangbetu Woman, 71–74, 73
Negro Dancing Girl…, 71, 72–73
Shilluk Warrior, 69, 71, 72–73
Holder, Boscoe, Untitled Male Nude, 216, 216
Huie, Albert, The History Lesson, 204–205, 205
Huiswoud, Otto, 189
Humanité Féminine, L’ (journal), 82–83, 84, 85–86
Hyppolite, Hector, Black Magic (Magique Noir), 206, 206
 
I Am (Lam), 251–252, 252
independence of Brazil, 228, 229
Interior II (Interieur II) [Kirchner], 124, 125
In the Maze… (Clarke), 218–219, 219–220
Invitation to a Dada Evening (Janeo), 155, 155–156
Israels, Isaac, drawing of dancer, 176–177, 177
Italia liberata (Boccasile), 34, 34–35
 
Jack (photograph) [Zealy], 12, 13, 47–48
Jack Johnson (Van Dongen), 179, 180–181, 181
Jacob, Max, 77
Janeo, Marcel: Invitation to a Dada Evening, 155, 155–156
Untitled (Mask for Firdusi), 156–157, 156–157
Jarry, Alfred, 98
Jazz (Masereel), 170–171, 171
Jazz Baby (Covarrubias), 146–147, 147
jazz musicians: Aspects of Negro Life, Song of the Towers (Douglas), 3, 4
Jazz (Masereel), 170–171, 171
Jonny spielt auf, 170, 170–171
Jem (photograph) [Zealy], 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
Jerônimo, wearing Cape 5 (Oiticica), 255, 255–256
Johnson, Jack, 138, 139, 179, 180–181, 181
Jolly Nigger Bank (Stevens), 35, 36–37, 37
Jonny spielt auf, 170, 170–171
Jordaan, L. J., Black Shadows, 176, 176–177
Josephine Baker (Dunand), 150, 150–151
Josephine Baker 1 (Danse) [Calder], 150, 150–151
Jungle, The (Lam), 247, 248–249, 250–251, 257–258
Junkanoo Ribbons (Malone), 212–213, 213
Junyer, Sebastià, 92–93, 93
 
Kapo (Mallica Reynolds), Revival Goddess Dinah, 206, 207
Khokho (Joseph René-Corail), Untitled, 208, 209
King’s throne (Königsthron), 127, (128)
Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig: The Artists Milly and Sam in Kirchner’s atelier…, 114, 115
Barr on, 103
Chronicle of the Artists (Chronik der Brücke), 107, 128, 130, 130
Crouching Woman (Hockende), 124, 125
The Drinker; Self-Portrait (Der Trinker; Selbstbildnis), 130–131, 130–131
Female Nude in Tub (Weibliche Akt im Tub), 123–124, 124
Fruit Bowl (Obstschale), 123, 124
Interior II (Interieur II), 124, 125
Milly Sleeping (Milly schlafend), 118, 118–119, 120
Negro Dancer (Negertänzerin) [Kornfeld collection], 116–117, 117
Negro Dancer (Negertänzerin) [Würth Collection], 116–117, 117
Nelly and Sidi Heckel/Riha dancing…, 115, 115
Portrait of a Woman (Frauenbildnis), 118, 118
Program of the Künstlergruppe Brücke, 106–107, 106–107
Schlemihl in the Solitude of His Room (Schlemihl in der Einsamkeit des Zimmers), 130–131, 131
Stool I (Stuhl I), 154, 154–155
Three Nudes (Drei Akte), 123, 123
Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig (?), Five wood sculptures (Heckel) photograph, 109, 110
Kneeling Mother and Child (Kniende Mutter mit Kind an der Brust) [Modersohn-Becker], 121, 122–123
 
Lam, Wifredo: I Am, 251–252, 252
The Jungle, 247, 248–249, 250–251, 257–258
Lavrador de café, O (Portinari), 236, 236–237, 239
League of Nations, Colonies, and Labor Movement (Sluyters), 181–182, 182
Léger, Fernand, Creation of the World, The, 140, 140–141, 234
Leopard Stool (Leopardenhocker) [Babanki-Tungo Region workshop], 122, 122–123
Lewis, Wyndham, 134
Liautaud, Georges, Danbala, 212, 212
Liberation of the Peon, The (Rivera), 242, 242
Libestans (Riefenstahl), 173, 174
Light and Dark Skin (Helle und Dunkle) [Stratz], 82–83, 83–84, 87–89
Links Richten cover (Oorthuys). See Adekom, Scotsborough, Negro Number (Links Richten cover)
Little War’s First Birthday (Sluyters), 180, 181
local culture: The Annunciation (Greaves), 208, 209
Black Man in a Cap (White), 200, 200–201
Dulce de Membrillo (Figari), 245, 246–247
O Lavrador de café (Portinari), 236, 236–237, 239
Mother and Child (Watson), 213, 214
Plantation Workers on Their Way Home (Hawkins), 198, 199
Untitled (Bertrand), 214–215, 215
Love, Bessie, 141, 144, 144
Love and Responsibility (Taylor), 208, 208
Love in the Bush (Liebe im Busch) [Höch], 159–160, 160
Lovers, The (Guayasamín), 243, 243
Lucky, Jimmy (Jimmy Van der Lak), 188–189, 189–190
 
magazine covers, 42, 42
maid/servant, black. See servant/maid, black
Mais, Roger, 211
Malik Ambar, xv, xvi
Malone, Brent, Junkanoo Ribbons, 212–213, 213
Man, Woman, and Cat (Mann, Frau, und Katze) [Nolde], 127, 127
Mangbetu woman, 71–73, 74, 148, 148
Mangbetu Woman (Hoffman), 71–74, 73
Mankind Holding the Symbol of Peace (Picasso), 260, 260
Manley, Edna, Eve, 201, 201–202
Man Ray, Noire et blanche (II), 141, 143
Marquardt, Carl, Schaustellung “Das Sudanesendorf,” 115–116, 116
Masereel, Frans, Jazz, 170–171, 171
Masken und Geheimbünde, Die (Frobenius), 77, 80, 80–81, 93–94
masks and masked figures: Invitation to a Dada Evening (Janeo), 155, 155–156
Die Masken und Geheimbünde Afrikas (Frobenius), 77, 80, 80–81, 93–94
“Masque ‘jeune fille,’” … (Griaule), 60–61, 60–61
The Missionary (Nolde), 126–127, 127
Negro Sculpture (Höch), 156–157, 157–158
Noire et blanche (Man Ray), 141, 143
The Sweet One (Höch), 158–159, 158–159
Untitled (Mask for Firdusi) [Janeo], 156–157, 156–157
“Masque ‘jeune fille,’”… (Griaule), 60–61, 60–61
Matisse, Henri: on African art, 100
The Negress, 152, 152
Reclining Nude I (Aurora), 103, 103
Still Life with African Sculpture, 77, 79
Maube Seller (Payne), 206, 207
May, Karl, 162
McGill, Urias Africanus, 18, 18–19
McPherson & Oliver, Private Gordon: “The Scourged Back,” 20–21, 21–22
medals, Black Shame (Goetz), 43–44, 44–45, 46
Mekana (photograph) [Evans-Pritchard], 55, 56
Mendive, Manuel, Barco Negreiro, 239, 239
Merengue (Colson), 247, 248
Mes Modèles (journal), 84, 85, 86
Mestiço, O (Portinari), 236, 236
Middlebrook, J. E. (?), Portrait, Zulu woman, South Africa, 48–49, 48–49
Middle Passage: Barco Negreiro (Mendive), 239, 239
Navio negreiro (Portinari), 238–239, 239
Retable des 9 Eslaves (Duval-Carrie), 194–195, 195
The Spirit of the Caribbean (Burke), 195, 195
Midonz (Moody), 202, 202
Milly (model), 114, 115, 118, 118–119, 120
Milly Sleeping (Milly schlafend) [Kirchner], 118, 118–119, 118–120
minstrelsy: All Coons Look Alike to Me (sheet music illustration), 30–31, 30–31
Aunt Jemima pancakes (advertisement), 35, 35, 37
To Beauty (Dix), 160–161, 161–163
Love in the Bush (Höch), 159–160, 160
Negerrevue (Nesch), 164–165, 164–165
Missionary, The (Der Missionar) [Nolde], 126–127, 127
Mission to Gelele…, A (Burton), 89–90, 91, 93–94
model, black: The Artists Milly and Sam in Kirchners atelier… (Kirchner), 114, 115
Milly Sleeping (Kirchner), 118–119, 118–120
Negro Dancer [Kornfeld collection] (Kirchner), 116–117, 117
Nelly and Sidi Heckel (Riha) dancing… (Kirchner), 115, 115
Portrait of a Woman (Kirchner), 118, 118
Modersohn-Becker, Paula, Kneeling Mother and Child (Kniende Mutter mit Kind an der Brust), 121, 122–123
Moody, Ronald, Midonz, 202, 202
Moore, Henry P., Sweet Potato Planting-Hopkinson’s Plantation, 22–23, 22–23
Moore, Philip, 1763 Monument, 202, 202
Mother and Child (Watson), 213, 214, 215
Mother and Child Figure, North Yoruba Nigeria, 126, 126
“Mot” title page (Picasso) in Corps Perdu (Césaire), 259, 260
Mountain Head (Woman of Zion) [Gonzales], 208, 208
Mueller, Otto, Negro with a Dancer (Neger und Tänzerin), 120–121, 121
Mulâtre from the Caste Series (Gordon), 196, 196–197
Mulatto (Nolde), 126, 126, 172
Mulattoes, Circus Workers (Sander), 165, 166–167, 167
O Mestiço (Portinari), 236, 236
Mulâtre from the Caste Series (Gordon), 196, 196–197
Mulatto (Nolde), 126, 126, 172
Portrait of Tonia Stieltjes (Sluyters), 182, 182–183, 184
The Redemption of Cain (Brocos), 230–231, 230–231
 
Naked Figure from Behind (Philpot), 7–8, 8
Navio negreiro (Portinari), 238–239, 239
Negerplastik (Einstein), 102, 109, 128, 132–134, 140, 154–155, 157–158, 172
Negerrevue (Nesch), 164–165, 164–165
Negress, The (Matisse), 152, 152
Negro Dancer (Negertänzerin) (Kirchner): in Kornfeld collection, 116–117, 117
in Würth Collection, 116–117, 117
Negro Dancing Girl… (Hoffman), 71, 72–73
Negro in Jungle (Sluyters), 179, 179, 181
Negro Mother (Neuschul), 168, 168–169
Negro Sculpture (Negerplastik) [Höch], 156–157, 157–158
Negro with a Dancer (Neger und Tänzerin) [Mueller], 120–121, 121
Nelly and Sidi Heckel/Riha dancing… (Kirchner), 115, 115
Nesch, Rolf, Negerrevue, 164–165, 164–165
Nettoyant les métaux de cuisine (Vianna), 232–233, 233
Neuschul, Ernst, Negro Mother, 168, 168–169
Noire et blanche (II) [Man Ray], 141, 143
Nolde, Emil: Degenerate Art exhibition (Entartete Kunst Ausstellung) photograph, 172, 172–173
Man, Woman, and Cat (Mann, Frau, und Katze), 127, 127
The Missionary (Der Missionar), 126–127, 127
Mulatto, 126, 126, 172
nude, black man: Jack Johnson (Van Dongen), 179, 180–181, 181
Jem (photograph) [Zealy], 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
Naked Figure from Behind (Philpot), 7–8, 8
Negro in Jungle (Sluyters), 179, 179, 181
Negro with a Dancer (Mueller), 120–121, 121
Seated Negro (Picasso), 94, 94–95, 96
Untitled Male Nude (Holder), 216, 216
nude, black woman: African, 80, 82–83, 83–89, 97
Drana (photograph) [Zealy], 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
Milly Sleeping (Kirchner), 118–119, 118–120
Negro Dancer [Würth Collection] (Kirchner), 116–117, 117
Parody of Olympia… (Picasso), 92–93, 93
Reclining Nude I (Matisse), 103, 103
nude, white man, 92–93, 93
nude, white woman: Female Nude in Tub (Kirchner), 123–124, 124
Jazz (Masereel), 170–171, 171
Negro with a Dancer (Mueller), 120–121, 121
 
Oceanian-inspired art, 132–133, 132–133
Oiticica, Hélio, Jerônimo, wearing Cape 5, 255, 255–256
Omari Ra, Bois Caimans Foreign Policy…, 220–221, 220–221
Ondun (?) (photograph) [Hobley], 55, 57
O’Neill, Eugene, 176
On the Terrace, Jimmy van der Lak (Op het terras) [Hatterman], 188–189, 189–190
Oorthuys, Cas: Adekom, Scotsborough, Negro Number (Links Richten cover), 186, 186, 188
AF/Afweer-front, 186, 188
Orpheus myth, 258–259, 259–260
Osborn, Max, 160
 
Parboosingh, Karl, Ras Smoke I, 210, 210–211
Parisienne and Exotic Figures, La (Picasso), 96, 96–97
Parody of Olympia … (Picasso), 92–93, 93
Patricia (Broodhagen), 205, 205
Patterson, Ebony G., Di Real Big Man, 226, 226
Payne, Ivan, Maube Seller, 206, 207
Philpot, Glyn: Naked Figure from Behind, 7–8, 8
Portrait of Henry Thomas, 7–8, 8
photojournalist images, 38, 38–39, 40
photomontage design: Adekom, Scotsborough, Negro Number (Links Richten cover) [Oorthuys], 186, 186, 188
We Slaves of Suriname (Wij slaven van Suriname) cover design (Zwart), 186–187, 188–189
Picasso, Pablo: African Head in Corps Perdu (Césaire), 258–259, 259–260
Bust of a Man, 100, 100–101
Caryatid, 108–109, 109–110
Child Beside a Hut…, 94, 94
“La Danse barbare,” 83, 89, 90, 90, 92
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 56, 77, 78–79, 80, 83–89, 96–98
“Deux nus,” 87–88, 87, 89, 202
Dryad (Nude in the Forest), 110, 110–111
Mankind Holding the Symbol of Peace, 260, 260
“Mot” title page in Corps Perdu (Césaire), 259, 260
La Parisienne and Exotic Figures, 96, 96–97
Parody of Olympia …, 92–93, 93
Seated Negro, 94, 94–95, 96
Standing Figure with Raised Arms, 96–97, 97
Study for Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 77, 79
Three Figures Under a Tree, 77, 81
Pietà figure, 242, 242
Plantation Workers on Their Way Home (Hawkins), 198, 199
political critiques: Allegory of the Departure of Dorn Pedro II… (Anonymous), 228, 229
League of Nations, Colonies, and Labor Movement (Sluyters), 181–182, 182
Portinari, Cándido: O Lavrador de café, 236, 236–237, 239
O Mestiço, 236, 236
Navio negreiro, 238–239, 239
Portrait of Anton de Kom (Zwart), 188, 188–189
Portrait of a Woman (Frauenbildnis) [Kirchner], 118, 118
Portrait of Henry Thomas (Philpot), 7–8, 8
Portrait of Tonia Stieltjes (Sluyters), 182, 182–183, 184
postcards of Africans: “Les Bobos” (Fortier), 82–83, 83–85, 97
Fortiers photographs on, 82–83, 83–85, 97
Schaustellung “Das Sudanesendorf” (Marquardt), 115–116, 116
Types africains, 32, 32–33
Types de femme, 48–49, 49. See also Africans
posters: boxing match, 138, 139
Degenerate Art exhibition (Hermann), 170–171, 171–172
50 Wilde Kongoweiber… (Steiner), 42–43, 42–43
Italia liberata (Boccasile), 34, 34–35
Jonny spielt auf 170, 170–171
La Revue Nègre au Music-hall… (Colin), 135, 137
Program of the Künstlergruppe Brücke, 106–107, 106–107
 
Queen Mother of Tafu and her family (photograph) [Rattray], 62, 62
 
Races of Mankind, Hall of the (Field Museum), 63–69, 71–73, 73–74
racial caricatures: golliwog figures, 28, 28–29
Italia liberata (Boccasile), 34, 34–35
Jonny spielt auf 170, 170–171
Negerrevue (Nesch), 164–165, 164–165
Tintín au Congo (Hergé), 32–33
Wacht am Rhein, Die/Die Schwarze Schande (Goetz), 43–44, 44–45, 46
Ras Smoke I (Parboosingh), 210, 210–211
Rastafari iconography: Ras Smoke I (Parboosingh), 210, 210–211
Victory over Satan (Brown), 208, 209
Rattray, R. S., and photographs of Africans, 50, 50–51, 53, 62, 62
reclining black woman, 118–119, 118–120
Reclining Nude I (Aurora) [Matisse], 103, 103
Reconstruction era image, 2–3, 3
Redemption of Cain, The (Brocos), 230–231, 230–231
Remi, Georges (pen name Hergé), Tintín au Congo, 32–33
René-Corail, Joseph (Khokho), Untitled, 208, 209
Retable des 9 Eslaves (Duval-Carrie), 194–195, 195
Revival Goddess Dinah (Kapo aka Mallica Reynolds), 206, 207
Revolt (Williams), 218, 218
Revue Nègre au Music-hall…, La (Colin), 135, 137
Reynolds, Mallica (Kapo), Revival Goddess Dinah, 206, 207
Řezníček, Ferdinand von, Tête-à-tête, 120–121, 121
Riefenstahl, Leni, Libestans, 173, 174
RIP (Georges Thenon), 146, 149
Rivera, Diego, The Liberation of the Peon, 242, 242
Roumaine, Jacques, 199
Russwurm, Sarah McGill (?), 17, 17–18
 
Salmon, André, 77, 110
Sam (model), 114, 115, 130–131, 130–131
Sander, August, Circus Workers (Zirkusarbeiter), 165, 166–167, 167
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 260
Schad, Christian, Agosta, the Winged Man, … (Agosta, der Flügelmensch …), 167, 167–168
Schapera, Isaac, and photographs of Africans, 53, 54–55
Schaustellung “Das Sudanesendorf” (Marquardt), 115–116, 116
Schlemihl in the Solitude of His Room (Schlemihl in der Einsamkeit des Zimmers) [Kirchner], 130–131, 131
Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl: Blue Girl’s Head… (Blauer Mädchenkopf…), 132–133, 132–133
Christ (Kristus), 132–133, 133
Degenerate Art exhibition artworks by, 172, 172–173
Four Evangelists (Die vier Evangelisten), 128, 128–129
Schmidt-Rottluff Negerkunst (Garvens), 133, 133
“Scourged Back, The” (McPherson & Oliver), 20–21, 21–22
Séance (Chosrova), 206, 207
Seated Negro (Picasso), 94, 94–95, 96
Seated Presence (Chong), 221, 223, 224
Segall, Lasar, Banana plantation (Bananal), 241, 241
self-representation: African Head (Picasso) in Corps Perdu (Césaire), 258–259, 259–260
To Beauty (Dix), 160–161, 161–163
The Drinker; Self-Portrait (Der Trinker; Selbstbildnis) [Kirchner], 130–131, 130–131
Parody of Olympia… (Picasso), 92–93, 93
Revolt (Williams), 218, 218
Sentence no. 1, The (Ayón), 252–253, 253
servant/maid, black: Le Blanche et la noire (Vallotton), 92–93, 93
“La Danse barbare” (Picasso), 83, 89, 90, 90, 92
Nettoyant les métaux de cuisine (Vianna), 232–233, 233
1763 Monument (Moore), 202, 202
sheet music illustration, 30–31, 30–31
Shilluk Warrior (Hoffman), 69, 71, 72–73
Simplicissimus (magazine cover), 42, 42
skin color, 239, 240–241, 241
slavery: Barco Negreiro (Mendive), 239, 239
Bois Caimans Foreign Policy… (Omari Ra), 220–221, 220–221
Dulce de Membrillo (Figari), 245, 246–247
Navio negreiro (Portinari), 238–239, 239
The Redemption of Cain (Brocos), 230–231, 230–231
Retable des 9 Eslaves (Duval-Carrie), 194–195, 195
Revolt (Williams), 218, 218
The Spirit of the Caribbean (Burke), 195, 195
Totem de Xangô (Araujo), 254, 254
Sluyters, Jan: Green Dancer/Dancing Negress (Groen danseres/Dansende negerin), 177–178, 178–179
League of Nations, Colonies, and Labor Movement, 181–182, 182
Little War’s First Birthday (Oorlogken isjarig), 180, 181
Negro in Jungle, 179, 179, 181
Portrait of Tonia Stieltjes, 182, 182–183, 184
soldiers: Private Gordon: “The Scourged Back” (McPherson & Oliver), 20–21, 21–22
Simplicissimus (magazine cover), 42, 42
Die Wacht am Rhein/Die Schwarze Schande (Goetz), 43–44, 44–45, 46. See also colonialism and colonial troops
South, the, 2, 3
Standing Child (Stehendes Kind) [Heckel], 76, 104, 105
Steiner, Josef, 50 Wilde Kongoweiber… (50 Savage Women …), 42–43, 42–43
Stern, Irma: Three Swazi Girls (Drei Swasi Mädchen), 184–185, 184–185
Umgababa, 160, 160
Stevens, J. E„ Jolly Nigger Bank, 35, 36–37, 37
Stieltjes, Tonia, 182, 182–183, 184
Still Life with African Sculpture (Matisse), 77, 79
Stoddart, Roberta, Earl, 224–225, 225
Stool I (Stuhl I) [Kirchner], 154, 154–155
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 117–118
Stratz, Carl Heinrich: Basuto Woman, 83, 82–83
Light and Dark Skin (Helle und Dunkle), 82–83, 83–84, 87–89
Naturgeschichte des Menschen, 88–89
“Zulu Girls,” 83, 82–83
Sweet One, The (Die Süsse) [Höch], 158–159, 158–159
Sweet Potato Planting-Hopkinson’s Plantation (Moore), 22–23, 22–23
 
Taylor, Max, Love and Responsibility, 208, 208
Tête-à-tête (Řezníček), 120–121, 121
Thenon, Georges (pen name RIP), 146, 149
Thomas, Henry, 8, 8
Three Figures Under a Tree (Picasso), 77, 81
Three Nudes (Drei Akte) [Kirchner], 123, 123
Three Swazi Girls (Drei Swasi Mädchen) [Stern], 184–185, 184–185
Tintín au Congo (Hergé), 32–33
To Beauty (An die Schönheit) [Dix], 160–161, 161–163
Toscani, Oliviero, Benetton advertisement, 38, 38–39
Totem de Xangô (Araujo), 254, 254
Towle, S. K., 22
Truth, Sojourner, 23–25
photograph of (“I Sell the Shadow…”), 24
Tumulte noir, Le (Colin), 146, 149, 150
Two Targui women (“Deux jeunes filles Targui”) [photograph], 82–83, 84
Types africains. Competition of smiles (Concours de sourires), 32, 32–33
Types de femme (postcard), 48–49, 49
 
Umgababa (Stern), 160, 160
Uncivilized Races, The (Wood), 89, 91
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), 117–118
Untitled Male Nude (Holder), 216, 216
Upton, Florence, The Adventures of Two Dutch Dolls and a Golliwogg, 28, 28–29
 
Vallotton, Le Blanche et la noire, 92–93, 93
Van der Lak, Jimmy (Jimmy Lucky), 188–189, 189–190
Van Dongen, Kees: Jack Johnson, 179, 180–181, 181
Josephine Baker at the Negro Ball (Josephine Baker au Bal Nègre), 162, 163
Veronica Frutescens (Gardner), 224, 224–225
Vianna, Armando, Nettoyant les métaux de cuisine, 232–233, 233
Victory over Satan (Brown), 208, 209
Vidal, Sebastiá Junyer, 92–93, 93
Vili figure, 75, 79, 84
Visitez le Pavillon des Tabacs/Exposition Coloniale (Bosse), 148, 148
Vlaminck, Maurice de: on African art, 100–101
Bathers, 102, 102
 
Wacht am Rhein, Die/Die Schwarze Schande (Goetz), 43–44, 44–45, 46
Ward, Herbert, Distress, 64–65, 66
Wardal, Madiana (Audré), 145
Washington, Augustus: on blacks in North America, 16–17
photograph of Sarah McGill Russwurm (?), 17, 17–18
photograph of Urias Africanus McGill, 18, 18–19
Watson, Barrington, Mother and Child, 213, 214
Watson, Osmond, Peace and Love, 204–205, 205–206
Weems, Carrie Mae, From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried: “An Anthropological Debate,” 14, 14–15, 16
“From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried,” 14, 14, 16
“Negroid Type,” 14, 14–15, 16
“A Photographic Subject,” 14, 14–15, 16
“You Became a Scientific Profile,” 14, 14, 16
We Slaves of Suriname (Wij siaven van Suriname) (De Kom): as political manifesto, 186–189, 188
Zwart’s cover design, 186–187, 188–189
White, Golde, Black Man in a Cap, 200, 200–201
White Negress (Brancusi), 141, 142–143
Williams, Aubrey, Revolt, 218, 218
woman, white: “Deux nus” (Picasso), 87–88, 87, 89
Dulce de Membrillo (Figari), 245, 246–247
Jazz (Masereel), 170–171, 171
White Negress (Brancusi), 141, 142–143
woman as allegorical figure: The Abolition of Slavery (Cela), 228–229, 229–230
Allegory of the Departure of Dom Pedro II… (Anonymous), 228, 229
Wood, Rev. R. J., The Uncivilized Races, 89, 91
 
Zealy, Joseph T.: Portrait of Drana…, 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
Portrait of Jack …, 12, 13, 47–48
Portrait of Jem, 12–13, 13–14, 47–48
“Zulu Girls” (photograph) [Stratz], 82–83, 83
Zulu woman, portrait of (Middlebrook?), 48–49, 48–49
Zwart, Piet: Portrait of Anton de Kom, 188, 188–189
We Slaves of Suriname (De Kom) cover design, 186–187, 188–189