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Index
Eik Kahng, Marianne Roland Michel
Description: Anne Vallayer-Coster: Painter to the Court of Marie-Antoinette
Anne Vallayer-Coster: Painter to the Court of Marie-Antoinette
Index
Author
Eik Kahng, Marianne Roland Michel
PublisherDallas Museum of Art
Copyright© 2002 by the Dallas Museum of Art
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-22968
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Index
Note: Page numbers in brackets indicate indirect references. For provenance, the reference numbers are the catalogue numbers (as: cat. 00).
Académie de Saint-Luc, 60, 70n. 13, 85, 91n. 44, 93n. 72, 203
Salon of, 70n. 13, 85, 88
women as members of, 87–88, 93n. 72
Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (the Académie), 56nn. 14, 15, 26, 66
Académie de Saint-Luc and, 93n. 72
admission procedures of, 17, 40–41, 56n. 11, 90n. 19, 93n. 83
AV-C and. See Vallayer-Coster, Anne, the Académie and
control of artists by, 60, 78
exhibitions as privilege and, 60, 78–79
members of, 14, 89, 91n. 49
morceau de reception, 16–17, 40, 48–49, 55n. 5, 60, 62, 197, 198
painting technique and, 42, 46, 56n. 26, 101, 102, 105, 106, 113n. 24
politics of, 80–81
reform of, 43, 59
sponsorship for aspirants and, 32n. 34, 62, 90–91n. 33
women as members of, 14, 17, 56n. 11, 59, 71, 76, 78–80, 90n. 17, 93n. 70
see also Commune General des Arts; Salon of the Académie royale
academies, regional: Lyons, 90n. 21
Marseilles, 86, 93n. 69
Toulouse, 86
Academy of Sciences, 90n. 28
Accademia di San Luca, Rome, 90nn. 21, 31
Adélaïde, Madame, portraits of, 22, 82, 228, 229, 229
Allais, Catherine-Elisabeth, 90n. 25, 92n. 61
Allais, Jenny-Augustine. See Reys-Allais, Mme
Allais, Louis-Jean, engravings by, 21, 102, 221
Ten Engravings of Flower Studies after Vallayer-Coster (pls. 71–80), 21, 29, 30, 37n. 103, 215, 222–223
No. 1. Alyssum Incanum. No. 2. Coronilla Emerus. No. 3. Cerastium Fomentosum (pl. 77)
No. 1. Convolvulus Purpureus (pl. 78)
No. 1. Primula Auricula. No. 2. Viola Grandiflora (pl. 80)
No. 1. Senecio Elegans fl. Simplex. No. 2. Senecio Elegans fl. Yslena (pl. 79)
No. 1. Solanum Pyracantum. No. 2. Cineraria Amelloides (pl. 76)
No. 1. Zinnia Hybrida (pl. 75)
Rosa Gallica (pl. 74)
untitled (roses) (pl. 71), 29
untitled (roses) (pl. 72) untitled (roses) (pl. 73)
Almanach historique et raisonné des architectes, peintres, sculpteurs, graveurs et ciseleurs (1776), 78
Angiviller, Charles-Claude Faluhaut de la Billarderie, comte d’, 73n. 79, 92n. 62
the Académie and, 17, 45, 59, 70, 80, 90n. 27
and AV-C’s lodgings in the Louvre, 68, 70n. 12
art collection of, 59, 64, 67, 70n. 6, 210
Bâtiments du roi and, 19, 57nn. 28, 39, 59, 73n. 47, 88, 226–227
commissions from, for AV-C, 21, 36n. 71, 68, 82, 89, 219, 226–227, 228
as signatory to AV-C’s marriage contract, 19, 59
Angiviller, comtesse d’, 80, 88, 93n. 75
Angoulême, duchess d’, 32, 216, 229
Argenson, comte d’, 14
Argentière, priory of L’, 68, 226, 229, 230n. 5
Artois, comte d’ (Monsieur), 28, 226, 228, 229
portraits of, 82, 91n. 38, 230
art training, eighteenth-century, 45–46, 57n. 33
Asselijn, Jan, 21
Ast, Balthasar van der, 63
Aubert (jeweler), 18
Aubriet, Claude, 14
Auguié, Adélaïde, 20, 216
portrait of, 20, 68, 82, 83, 216
Augustin, Jean-Baptiste, 35n. 55
Aved, Jacques-André-Joseph-Camelot, 84, 92n. 61
Avril, Jean-Jacques (Avril the elder), 25, 25, 26, 29
Azincourt, Berthélémy-Augustin-Blondel de, 92n. 63
Bachaumont, L. Petit de, 62
Bachelier, Jean-Jacques, 17, 20, 25, 31
Chasse à Fours, La (Bear Hunt), 35n. 61
Chasse au lion, La (Lion Hunt), 35n. 61
Bailly, Jacques, 31
Baptiste. See Monnoyer, Jean-Baptiste
Baptiste le jeune. See Monnoyer, Antoine
Barry, Mme Du, 61, 61, 64, 71n. 16, 73, 83
bas-reliefs imités, 24, 95, 99
Basseporte, Madeleine: as AV-C’s teacher, 14, 23, 81, 95
books illustrated by, 37n. 99
as dessinatrice at the Jardín des Plantes, 14, 23, 24, 81, 95
as Madeleine Vallayer’s godmother, 13
prints after, 14, 24, 25, 25, 28, 37n. 99
works: Roses tremieres, 14, 14, 81
Young Girl Caressing a Rabbit, 14
Bâtiments du roi (Department of Royal Works), 36n. 69, 228
abbé Terray and, 64
commissions from, 88, 226, 227, 228
for women artists, 81, 82, 91n. 38, 92n. 55, 226–227
comte d’Angiviller and, 19, 29, 57n. 28, 59, 88, 226–227
François Vernet and, 15, 33n. 21
marquis de Marigny and, 19, 56n. 14, 64, 88, 230n. 1
Beauharnais, Josephine, empress, 22, 29, 31, 88, 93n. 77, 220
Beaujon (financier), 18
Beaulieu, Marie-Renée-Geneviève Brossard de, 79–80, 84, 88, 90nn. 21, 24
Poetry Mourning the Loss of Voltaire, 79, 79, 80
Portrait of Lavoisier, 90n. 27
Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de, 69
Bellengé, Michel-Bruno, 23, 32, 36n. 85
Bellevue, chateau de, decorations at, 62
Belvedere, Andrea, 36n. 82
Belvedere Torso, 16, 48, 111
Berchem, Nicolaes, 21
Berjon, Antoine, 30, 54
Seashells and Coral, [54], 55
Bibliothèque nationale de France, 14; cat. 157
Bilcoq, Marc-Antoine, 68
Bocquet, Blaise, 91n. 45
Bocquet-Filleul, Anne-Rosalie. See Filleul, Anne-Rosalie
Boigne, comtesse de, 93n. 75
Boizot, Antoine, 92n. 65
Boizot, Marie, 92n. 65
Bonvin, François, 54
Boquet, Blaise, 91n. 45
Boquet, Jeanne-Angélique (Mme Louis Charny), 81, 91n. 44
Boquet, Louis-Réné, 81, 91nn. 44, 45
Bosschaert, Ambrosius, 102
Bouchardon, Edme, 48, 49
Boucher, François, 32, 44, 63, 90–91n. 33, 99
Dispatch of the Messenger, The, 44, 44
Boucher, Mme François (née Jeanne Buseau), 84, 92n. 63
Bouchy-Picon, Florence, cat. 140
Bouhébent, Elisabeth de (née Vallayer), 13, 35n. 55
portrait of, by AV-C, 33n. 5, 199
Bouhébent, Josué de, 13, 199
Bouliar, Marie-Geneviève, 92n. 61
Boulle, Andre-Charles, 20
Bouquier, Gabriel, 18
Bowes Museum, Durham, England, cat. 33
Brenet, Nicolas-Guy, Roman Farmer (L’Agriculteur romain), 66, 72n. 46
Briancourt, Mlle de, 83
Briceau, Angélique (Mme Louis-Jean Allais), 30, 37n. 102
Brissac family, 20
Brisson, Mlle, 81
Brun, Louis-Auguste, 89
Buchoz, Pierre-Joseph, 28, 37n. 98
Bouquet of Different Flowers That Bloom during the Month of September (engraving), 28, 29
Buffon, comte de, 25
Buteux (frame maker), 230
Cabinet du roi (king’s personal painting collection), 91nn. 44, 48, 92n. 50
Cadet, Mme (née Aglaé Joly), 82, 92n. 50
Campan, Mme, 20, 68, 216
Campana, Marie-Christine, 92n. 50
Campana, Vittoriano, 82, 89, 92n. 50, 227
canvas, 96–99, 100, 112n. 7
Capet, Marie-Gabrielle, 87
Presumed Portrait of Madame Elisabeth, 87
Carmontelle, Louis de, Portrait of Charles-Louis de Beauchamp, comte de Merle, 67
Carriera, Rosalba, 62, 68, 85, 90n. 17, 93n. 70
Carron, Marie-Joseph, 93n. 69
cartouche, from frame of AV-C’s portrait of Madame Sophie, 230, 231n. 27
catalogue, sale, 56n. 13, 61, 61, 64, 64, 71n. 16, 73
Catherine the Great, 80
Caylus, Anne-Claude-Philippe de Tubières, comte de, 42, 44, 56n. 15, 57n. 57, 90n. 17, 90–91n. 33
Cazes, Pierre-Jacques, 41, 45
Centre de Recherche et de Restauration, Musées de France, 96, 103
Cezanne, Paul, 39, 45
Chalgrin, Emilie, 91n. 44
chalk, uses of, 100, 101, 101, 103
Chamisso, comtesse de, 200
Chantilly porcelain factory, 31
Chardin, Jean-Siméon, 21S
AV-C and, 16, 17, 22, 34nn. 29, 32, 40, 41–42, 45–54, 59, 60, 62, 69, 95, 106, 109–110, 111–112
art training of, 41–42
attributions to, 197, 204, 217, 224
Cochin and, 41–42, 44–45, 48, 56n. 14, 57n. 28
Diderot on, 16, 39, 42, 46, 48, 49, 53, 95, 111
as an exemplar, 16, 18, 22, 33n. 19, 39, 46, 47, 54, 62
influences on, 18, 45
Mariette on, 42, 44, 53, 57n. 45
as member of the Académie de Saint-Luc, 60
obituary of, 44, 56n. 14
palette depicted by, 102, 103
Pierre and, 57n. 28
reputation of, 39, 42, 43, 44
supports used by, 96, 98
technique of, 45, 53, 109, 110
grounds used by, 99, 100, 101, 110
pigments used by, 103, 113nn. 35, 40
working methods of, 42, 46, 99, 105, 111
works: Attributes of Music, The, 16, 40, 48
Attributes of the Arts, The, 16, 40, 481
Attributes of the Arts and Their Rewards, The, 102, 102, 103
Basket of Grapes with Three Apples, a Pear and Two Marzipan, 51, 57
Boy Blowing Soap Bubbles, [53], 57n. 45
Fast Day Meal, 46, 47
Flowers in a White and Blue Porcelain Vase (pl. 81), 50–51, 50 (detail), 95, 98, 105, 224
Jar of Apricots, 47–48, 48
Pheasant, The, 224
Singe Peintre, Le, 101
Skate, The, 112
Smoker’s Box, The, 98
Still Life with Game (Two Rabbits, a Pheasant, and a Seville Orange on a Stone Ledge) (pl. 82), 224
Young Student Drawing, 38, 53–54, 54, 99
Charlotte von Hesse-Darmstadt, princess, 21, 36n. 72, 221
Charny, Louis, 91n. 44
Chateaubriand, Lucile de, 226
Châtelet, marquis du, 20
Châtelet, marquise du, 89n. 13
Chazal, Antoine, 29–30, 30, 37n. 104
Chelsea porcelain factory, 37n. 111
Chéreau (publisher), 27
Chéron, Sophie, 56n. 11, 93n. 70
Chevillet, Juste, 25
Chevreul, Michel-Eugène, 106
Chevreuse, duchesse de, 36n. 91
Chimay, princess de. See Fitz-James, Laure de
Choffard, Pierre-Philippe, 14
Choiseul, Etienne-François, due de, 67
Choiseul sale, 21
Choisy, chateau de, decorations at, 15, 16, 48, 62, 93n. 81
Claesz, Pieter, 63
Clavel, Anne-Antoinette. See Saint-Huberty, Mme de
Cleveland Museum of Art, The, cats. 7, C
Clodion (pseud. Claude Michel), 18, 21, 24, 199
Clothilde, Madame, 227
Cochin, Charles-Nicolas, 19, 56n. 14, 57n.28, 85, 90n. 17
AV-C and, 34n. 32
Chardin and, 41–42, 44–45, 48, 56n. 14, 57n. 28
on painting, 44, 45, 47nn. 30, 34, 56n. 22, 105
Coicy, Mme de, Les Femmes comme il convient de les voir, 77, 78
Coigny, Anne-Françoise-Aimée de Franquetot, AV-C’s portrait of, 68–69
Coigny, Gabriel-Augustin de Franquetot, comte de, 68–69
Coigny, Marie-François-Henri de Franquetot, due de, 68
Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 43
collectors, eighteenth-century French, 59, 60, 63–68, 69–70
see also Vallayer-Coster, Anne, clientele of
Collin de Vermont, Hyacinthe, 90n. 33
Collot, Marie-Anne, 85
Portrait of Mary Cathart, 86
color: art training in use of, 45, 46, 56n. 26, 113n. 24
Cochin on, 45, 57n. 34
of grounds, 99–100
simultaneous contrast in, 106
commissions, royal, 48, 88, 226
for women painters, 81, 82, 91n. 38
see also Bâtiments du roi
Commune General des Arts, 81, 91nn. 35, 36
see also Société Populaire et Républicaine des Arts
Conti, Louis-François-Josephde Bourbon, prince de, art collection of, 18, 21, 23, 41, 56n. 13, 63–64, 63
AV-C’s works in, 41, 56n. 13, 61, 62, 70, 198
sale catalogue for, 64
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution, cat. 149
copies: of AV-C’s paintings, 196, 199, 204, 208, 210, 215, 216
royal portraits as, 81–82, 226, 227
of sculpted models, 213
copying, as an inferior teaching method, 41–42, 44
see also self-copying Corneille, Jean-Baptiste, 99
Coster, Jean-Louis, 35n. 54
Coster, Jean-Pierre-Silvestre, 19, 21, 59
portrait of (pl. 64), 219, 219
Coster, Joseph-François, 35n. 54
Coster, Mario, portraits of, 209, 211
Coster, Sigisbert-Etienne, 35n. 54
Coster de St. Victor, 88, 93n. 77
Courbet, Gustave, 54
Courmont, M. de, 34n. 91, 200
Courtois, Marie, 92n. 64
Coypel, Anne, 92n. 66
Coypel, Charles-Antoine, 92n. 66, 92n. 67
Coypel, Noel-Nicolas, 41, 92n. 67, 99
craft manufactories, prints as models for, 23, 30–31
Créqui, marquis and marquise of, painted by AV-C, 35n. 55, 73n. 81
criticism. See Diderot; Vallayer-Coster, Anne, critics on
Daël, Jan Frans van, 31
Flowers in a Vase (oil on canvas), 31, 32
Flowers in a Vase (on porcelain), 31, 32
Dagoty. See Gautier Dagoty, Jean-Baptiste-André
Dallas Museum of Art, Texas, cats. 36, 37
Danloux, Henri-Pierre, 84, 92n. 61
dauphin, of France, 19, 209
David, Jacques-Louis, 43, 44, 57n. 29, 84, 91n. 40, 100, 220
Oath of the Horatii, 43, 43, 56n. 22
Portrait of the Sisters Zenaide and Charlotte Bonaparte, 100
dead coloring, 104, 105, 105
Demarteau, Gilles, 25, 26, 27, 37n. 96
Demarteau, Gilles-Antoine, 37n. 96
Denizard, Mlle, 92n. 59
Denmark, king of, 28
Denon, Dominique Vivant, 20, 22, 37n. 114, 210
Désarnod, Joseph-François, 226, 229–230
Descamps, Jean-Baptiste, 33n. 19, 46
Desportes, Claude-François, 17, 18, 20, 63, 96, 111, 208, 213
Deyrolle (weaver), 32
Flowers in a Blue Vase with Dead Canary (pl. 70), 32, 223
Flowers in a Vase and Two Plums (pl. 69), 32, 223
Dézallier d’Argenville, Antoine-Nicolas, 66
Diderot, Denis, 14, 45, 59
on AV-C, 17, 62, 68, 216, 229
on Boucher, 44
on Chardin, 16, 39, 42, 46, 48, 49, 53, 95, 111
on commissioning artworks, 63
Dihl and Guerhard porcelain factory, 31
Doré, Marie-Jeanne, 83, 84, 92n. 60
Girl Holding a Rose, 84, 84
Doyen, Gabriel-François, 19, 93n. 75
Drouais, Anne-Françoise (née Doré), 83, 83, 84, 84
Drouais, François-Hubert, 83, 92n. 59, 93n. 69, 93n. 81, 227
Portrait of Madame Drouais, 83
Drouais, Germain-Jean, 84, 84 Dubos (engraver), 14
Duchemin, Catherine, 80
Ducreux, Joseph, 81, 92n. 68, 227
Madame Adélaïde, 229, 229
Madame Victoire, 229, 229
Ducreux, Rose-Adélaïde, 85, 92n. 68
Self-Portrait with a Harp, 74, 85
Dumont, François, 35n. 55, 82, 85, 89, 91n. 49
AV-C’s works owned by, 19, 34n. 50
works: Anne Vallayer-Coster (pl. 85), 18, 22, 82, 224
Portrait of Anne Vallayer, 18, 18, 22
Portrait of Marguerite Gerard (sometimes identified as Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun), 86
Dumont, Mme François (née Nicole Vestier), 85, 85, 92n. 68, 93n. 83
Duparc, Françoise, 86
Head of a Young Woman, 87
Duplessis, Joseph-Siffred, 19, 35n. 53, 81, 84, 92n. 61
Dupont de Nemours, 34n. 46, 71n. 3
Duquesnoy, François, Children with a Goat, 18
Duret, abbé Pierre, 228
Dutertre (artist), 209
Duvivier (director of the Savonnerie Manufactory), 20
Elements (tapestry suite; Gobelins), 32
Elisabeth, Madame, 68
portrait of, 82, 87, 91 n. 38, 206
engravings, 14, 15, 23, 25–29
see also prints
Estrades, comtesse d’, 208
Etablissement Thermal de Vichy, 229; cats. 122, 124
Eugene, prince, 22
exhibition: venues of, for women artists, 69–70, 77, 78, 79, 87–88, 90n. 30, 91nn. 37, 40
see also Académie de Saint-Luc; Salon de la Correspondance; Salon of the Académie royale
Exposition de la Jeunesse, 77, 79, 84, 88, 90n. 30
Exposition du Colisée, 88
Falconet, Etienne-Maurice, 85
Fantin-Latour, Henri, 54
Fenoyl, Marie-Madeleine de Gayardon de, 68, 226, 228, 229–230, 230n. 4
Fessard (engraver), 37n. 98
Figure, representation of the, 17, 45, 59, 93n. 70
Filleul, Anne-Rosalie (née Bocquet), 81, 82, 91nn. 44, 45
Louis-Antoine d’Artois, duc d’Angoulême, 83
Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, cat. 49
Fitz-James, Laure de, princesse de Chimay, 36n. 71, 68, 219
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, cat. 32
Flanders, painting in. See Northern painting
Fleury, marquis de, 68
Flora Dánica service, 31
flower painters: and the craft manufactories, 25, 27, 30–32
technique of, 102, 105, 107, 109
flower painting, 50–51
see also Vallayer-Coster, Anne
Forquenot de la Fortelle, 208
Fragonard, Jean-Honoré, 21, 68, 85, 90n. 20, 96, 109
Adoration of the Shepherds, The, 34n. 47
Bolt, The, 34n. 47
Lock, The (Le Verrou), 68
Fragonard, Marie-Anne (née Gerard), 84, 85, 92n. 63
Unknown Girl, An, 85
frames: original to AV-C’s paintings, 32, 71n. 16, 73, 201, 203, 207, 208, 217, 230, 231n.27
trompe-l’oeil, 98, 106, 203
François, Jean-Charles, 82
François, Marie-Cathérine (née Frédou), 82
François, Mlle, engravings after, 37n. 98
Frédou, Jean-Martial, 82
French Academy (Rome), 43
Frey, Franz-Bernhard, Madame Sophie, 227, 221
Gabiou, Marie-Elisabeth, 92n. 62
Galerie Grismondi, Paris, cat. 28
Garde-Meuble, 230
garden, botanical, 28–29
Gauffier, M.-L., 93n. 69
Gauffier, Pauline (née Chatillon), 83, 84, 93n. 69
Gautier Dagoty, Jean-Baptiste-André, 89
Gazette de France, 19
George-Juillard, Mme, 210
Gerard, François, 91n. 40
Gerard, Marguerite, 19, 68, 85, 90n. 20
Gilbert-Voisin, 20
Girardot, Haller et Cie, 69
Girardot de Marigny, Jean, 19, 78n. 79
as collector of AV-C’s work, 69–70. 204, 207, 208
Girodet de Roucy Trioson, Anne-Louise, 92n. 62
Giroust, Suzanne (Mme Alexandre Roslin), 16, 17, 78, 80, 90n. 17, 92n. 61
Portrait of Dumont Le Romain, 78
Giroust-Roslin, Marie-Suzanne. See Giroust, Suzanne
Glain, Leon, 227
Gobelins Manufactory, 35n. 62, 92n. 65
AV-C’s father as goldsmith at, 13
AV-C’s models for tapestries woven at, 32, 196, 208, 217, 223
flower painters at, 25, 27, 32
influence of, on AV-C, 14
Montullé and, 66, 67
Godefroid, Marie-Eléonore, 91n. 40
Godefroy, Mme, 81, 91n. 40
Goncourt, Edmond and Jules de, 39, 75–76, 90n. 32
Goulard (director, domain of Versailles), 20
Greuze, Anne-Geneviève, 84
Greuze, Jean-Baptiste, 19, 34n. 46, 41, 55n. 10, 66, 68, 79, 84
Septimius Severus and Caracalla, 55–56n. 10
Silence!, 72n. 52
grounds, 99–101, 100, 109, 110
Guélard, Jean-Baptiste, 37n. 99
Guéménée, princesse de, 68
Gueret sisters, 92n. 61
Guérin, Pierre-Narcisse, 20
Guichard (writer), 17
Guilbert, Mme M.-J., 93n. 69
guild. See Académie de Saint-Luc
Hallé, Marie-Rosalie, 91n. 45
Haller, Rodolphe-Emmanuel, 69
Hannong, Joseph, 31
Hannong, Paul, 31
Hardy, Simon-Prosper, 69
Harrison, Mlle, 33n. 19, 46
Haudry, Elisabeth, 66
Hazon, Barthélemy-Michel, 21, 36n. 69
Heem, Jan Davidsz de, 21, 36n. 82, 63, 100
Hémery de Lingée, Mme, 93n. 69
Herault, Charles-Antoine, 92n. 67
Herault, Marie-Catherine (Mme Louis Silvestre), 85, 92n. 67
history painting, 17, 42, 43, 57n. 29, 59, 66, 93n. 70
Hoefnagel, Georg, 31
Holladay, Wallace and Wilhelmina, cat. 72
Hondecoeter, Melchoir de, 210
Hortemels, Madeleine, 37n. 99
Hortense, queen, 22
Horvitz, Jeffrey E., cat. 10
Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 69
Hubert, Pomponne, 88
Hüet, Jean-Baptiste, 27
Huysum, Jan van, 23, 24, 31, 36n. 82, 62
Basket of Flowers with Butterflies, A, 67, 67
Infroit, E.-L., 32, 201, 207, 208
inscriptions, 14, 89, 99, 197, 205, 206, 219, 222, 228, 230
Jacques, Maurice, 27, 32
Nouveau livre de fleurs, 27, 27
Nouveau livre de roses d’après M. Jacques, 26, 27
Roses de Provins from, 27, 27
Jardin, Nicolas-Henri, 21, 36n. 69
Jardin des Plantes, 31, 37n. 104
Madeleine Basseporte and, 14, 23, 24, 81, 95
Redouté and, 23, 24
Van Spaendonck and, 23, 24
Jeaurat, Etienne, 228
Joly, M, 92n. 51
Josephine, empress. See Beauharnais, Josephine
Journal de Paris, 79, 90n. 30
Journal general de France, 79
Julien, Mme, 196
Julien (sculptor), 21
Jullienne, Jean de, 18–19, 66, 85, 93n. 78
Jullienne, Mme Jean de, 85, 88
Krantzinger, Joseph, 81, 89
Kucharsky (artist), 216
Labille-Guiard, Adélaïde, 19, 84, 92n. 50, 107, 230
the Académie and, 34n. 35, 78, 80, 81, 90nn. 27, 32, 90–91n. 33
the Académie de Saint-Luc and, 60, 70—71n. 13
AV-C and, 62
comtesse d’Angiviller and, 88
as a miniaturist, 87
reputation of, 76, 78, 85
royal commissions for, 82, 88
works: Self-Portrait with Two Pupils, 77
Ladey, Jean-Marc, 20, 35n. 62
La Ferté, comte de, 20
La Fontaine, Fables, 25
La Fontaine, J.-H,, 113n. 46
La Font de Saint-Yenne, 43, 44, 56n. 26
Lagrenée, Louis (Lagrenée the elder), 19, 60
La Hyre, Philippe de, 113n. 46
Lairesse, Gérard de, 113n. 46
La Live de Jully, Ange-Laurent de, 23, 60, 92n. 63
Langlois (publisher), 25
Largillièrre, Nicolas de, 46
La Tour, Maurice Quentin de, 84, 92n. 55, 92n. 61
Lawrence, Miss, 37n. 104
Le Brun, Charles, 43, 57n. 33
Le Brun, Mme, 91n. 46
Ledoux, Jeanne-Philiberte, 84
Legrand, Augustin, 23,24, 27–28
Legrand, Pierre-François, 28
Lemoine, Agathe (née Bonvallet), 91n. 48
Lemoine, Marie-Victoire, 92n. 62
Atelier of Madame Vigée-Le Brun and, Her Pupils, 101
Interior of the Atelier of a Woman Painter, 92n. 62
Lenorment de Tournehem, Charles-François-Paul, 230n. 1
Lépicié, Bernard, 85
Lépicié, Renée-Elisabeth (née Marlier), 85
Leszczyńszka, Marie, queen of France, 35n. 54, 66, 83, 88, 230n. 2
Leszczyńszki, Stanisław, king of Poland, 19, 28, 35n. 54
Letellier, Charles-François, engraving after AV-C’s Artist’s Self-Portrait, The (pl. 86), 18, 222
Lévêque, Pierre-Charles, 49
Leverd (sculptor and frame maker), 32, 203
Lévy-Freitag, Anne and Pierre, cat. 155
Loir, Marianne, 86
Portrait of Antoine-Vincent-Louis-Barbe Duplaa, 87
Loo, Louis-Michel van, 81
Lorraine, Jean-Baptiste de, 15
Louise, Madame, portrait of, 228
Louise von Hesse-Darmstadt, princess, 21–22, 36nn. 70, 72
Louis XV, 28, 63, 93n. 82, 230n. 1
Louis XVI, 73nn. 79, 81, 226, 227, 229
aunts of. See Mesdames
Louis XVII, 91n. 48
Louis XVIII, 22, 213
Louis-Philippe, king of France, 205, 206, 228
Loutherbourg, Philippe-Jacques de, 21
Louvre: lodgings for artists in, 19, 21, 35n. 53, 59, 68, 80, 81, 89, 93n. 83, 204
Salon Carre, 78
see also Musée du Louvre; Musée Napoleon; Palais National des Arts
Lusurier, Catherine, 83, 84
Portrait of Germain-Jean Drouais, 84, 84
Machy, Pierre-Antoine de, 73n. 79
Vue prise du Pont-Neuf, Une, 73n. 79
Madrid, academy in, 93n. 69
Maison du roi (Household of the King), 67, 68, 81, 91n. 41, 226
Manet, Edouard, 54
manière de crayon. 25, 27, 37n. 96
manière fondue, la, 49, 50
manière heurtée, la, 49–50, 53
manière, la, 43, 44, 46, 54, 56n. 22
mannerism, Diderot on, 44
Marie-Antoinette, queen of France, 34n. 35, 91n. 49, 205, 227
and AV-C’s lodgings in the Louvre, 19, 21, 68, 81
and AV-C’s marriage, 19, 59, 68
commissions from, 68, 92n. 55
patronage of, 79, 82, 88–89, 93n. 83
portraits of, 82, 83, 91nn. 45, 46, 48, 92n. 50, 92n. 59, 93n. 81, 205
by AV-C, 21–22, 36nn. 71, 72, 68, 89, 92n. 50
copied, 81, 92n. 59
by Vigée-Le Brun, 88, 91n. 38
Vigée-Le Brun and, 34n. 35, 76, 81, 90–91n.33
Marie-Josephe de Saxe, dauphine, 85
Marie-Louise, empress, 32
Mariette, Pierre-Jean, 44, 53, 56n. 16, 56n. 27, 59n. 2
Marigny, Abel-François Poisson de Vandières, marquis de, 34n. 32
art collection of, 32, 198, 201, 215
Bâtiments du roi and, 19, 56n. 14, 64, 88, 230n. 1
Mayer, Marie-Françoise-Constance, 84
Meissen porcelain factory, 37n. 111
Ménageot, François-Guillaume, 84, 92n. 62
Menus-Plaisirs, 13, 81–82;, 83, 91nn. 44–46, 226
Mérard, Pierre, Portrait Bust of Louis-François de Bourbon, prince de Conti, 63
Mercure de France, 79, 82–83, 88, 90n. 24
Merian, Maria Sybilla, 31
Merle, Charles-Louis de Beauchamp, comte de, 18, 67–68, 67
Merlen, Mme Van, 81
Mesdames (daughters of Louis XV), 14, 20, 81, 88, 226–230 see also Adélaïde, Madame; Sophie, Madame; Victoire, Madame
Metropolitan Museum of Art, The, New York, cats. 61, 158
Micaud, Jacques-François, 31
Michel, Claude. See Clodion
Mignard, Pierre, 21
Mille, Mlle, 93n. 69
miniatures, 22, 30, 82, 87, 92nn. 63, 64, 93n. 72, 124
of royalty, as gifts, 36n. 70, 81, 82, 91n. 49
Ministry of the Interior, confiscation of artworks by, 20
Mobilier de la couronne (Royal Furniture), 228
model, working from the, 41–42
Monnoyer, Antoine (Baptiste le jeune), 23, 37n. 92
Monnoyer, Jean-Baptiste (Baptiste), 23, 25, 28, 31, 36n. 82, 37n. 92
Two Studies of Roses, 28
monograms, 211, 213
Monsieur. See Artois, comte de
Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, baron de, Persian Letters, 89
Montullé, Jean-Baptiste-François de, 18, 62, 66–67
Montullé, Mme de, 67
Moreau le jeune, 209
Mosnier, Jean-Laurent, 82, 91n. 49
Moulonguet family, cat. 70
Mourlot, Fernand, 29
Murillo, Bartholomé Esteban, 113n. 60
Musée Carnavalet, Paris, cat. 142
Musée départemental d’Art Ancien et Contemporain des Vosges, Epinal, cat. 17
Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris, cats. 152, 153
Musée des Beaux-Arts, Bordeaux, cat. E
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Carcassonne, cat. 109
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Narbonne, cat. 143
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg, cat. 82
Musée des Beaux-Arts, Nancy, cats. 25, 135, 147, 148
Musée des Beaux-Arts, Reims, cat. 8
Musée de Tessé, Le Mans, cat. 80
Musée du Carmel de Saint-Denis, 228
Musée du Louvre, Paris, cats. 6, 11, 12, 99
Musée municipal de Châlons-en-Champagne, cats. 138, 139
Musée Napoleón (formerly the Louvre), 20
Musée national des Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon, cats. 46, 55, 59, 60
Musée Nissim de Camondo, Paris, 196; cat. 14
Musée Rodin, Paris, 67
Musées d'art et d’histoire, Ville de Genève, cat. 81
Museo Nacional de San Carlos, Mexico City, cat. 103
Museum d’Histoire naturelle, 14. 64
Nancy, France, AV-C and, 19, 35n. 55
Napoleonmuseum Arenenberg, Salenstein, Switzerland, cat. 146
National Gallery of Art, Washington, cat. B
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, cat. 130
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, cat. A
Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, 34
Natoire, Charles-Joseph, 85, 90n. 33
Natoire, Jeanne, 88, 93n. 78
Nattier, Jean-Marc, 90n. 33, 92n. 64, 226
nature, debate over painting from, 44, 45, 46
Navarre, Geneviève, 87, 92n. 62
Necker, Louis Germany de, 69
Netherlands, the, painting in. See Northern painting
Nivelon, Anne-Baptiste, 91n. 44
Nivelon, Mme, 81, 91n. 44
Nivernois, due de, 82
Noailles, hôtel de, AV-C’s paintings in, 34n. 51
Noailles-Mouchy, 20
Northern painting, as influence, 23, 39, 45, 47, 51, 57n. 31, 95, 100, 102, 103
Nystad, Mr. and Mrs. Saam, 83
Ollivier, Faronne-Marie-Madeleine (née Lefebvre), 93n. 69
Ollivier, Michel-Barthélémy, 93n. 69
Opstal, Gerard van, 17–18
Orsay, comte d’, 20
Oudry, Jean-Baptiste, 25, 46, 63, 85, 113n. 24
technique of, 96, 99, 101, 106
Oudry, Marie-Marguerite (née Froissé), 85, 92n. 65
overdoors, 16, 48, 62
Owen-Pontez, Abigail, cat. 95
Pahin de la Blancherie, Mammès-Claude, 69–70, 88
Paillet, Charles, 21, 22, 35n. 65
paint. See color; pigment; Vallayer-Coster, Anne, technique of
Palais National des Arts (formerly the Louvre), 20
palette, AV-C’s depiction of, 102–103, 111
see also Vallayer-Coster, Anne, technique of, palette
Papillon de la Ferté, Denis-Pierre-Jean, 91n. 46
Parpette, Philippe, 31, 37n. 108
Parrocel, Jeanne-Françoise, 78, 90n. 19
Parrocel, Joseph-François, 90n. 19
Parrocel, Marie, 78, 90n. 19
Parrocel, Thérèse, 78, 90n. 19
patronage, royal, 59, 68, 70n. 4, 79, 88, 182
see also women, as collectors and patrons
Paulmy d’Argenson, marquis, 87
pension, royal, 14, 19
Pépin, Claude, 32, 217
Pérignon, Alexis-Nicolas, 23
Pérignon (art dealer), 21
Perrot, Catherine, 93n. 72
Peyrenc de Moras, Abraham, 67
Peyrenc de Moras, Anne-Marie, 67
Piccinni, Niccolò, Didon, 209
pied, defined, 73
Piedmont, prince of, 227
Pierre, Jean-Baptiste-Marie, 57n. 28, 67, 73n. 79, 90n. 24
the Académie and, 44, 80, 90n. 32, 90n. 33, 93n. 72
AV-C and, 17, 19, 21, 79
royal commissions and, 21, 82
Pigalle, Elisabeth, 85
Pigalle, Jean-Baptiste, 17, 85
pigments, 113n. 60
AV-C’s, 95, 102–112, 113n. 40
Chardin’s, 103, 113n. 35
Piles, Roger de, 46, 56n. 26, 102–103
Pillement, Jean-Baptiste, 15, 24
Pinard, Mme (engraver), 37n. 98
Pithou, Nicolas-Pierre, 31
Study of a Rose, 31
Pluche, abbé, 37n. 99
Poilly, Nicolas de, 25
Polignacs, the, 68
porcelain manufactories: botanical services produced by, 31, 37n. 111
prints used as models in, 25, 30–31
pouce, defined, 73
Poussin, Nicolas, 43, 56n. 26
Prévost, brother of Jean-Louis, 23
Prévost, Jean-Louis, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 36n. 79
Flowers in a Vase with Bas-Relief, 24
Vingt-unième cahier de fleurs, 23, 23
prices, attained for paintings, 21, 35n. 57, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73n. 81
see also Vallayer-Coster, Anne, prices attained by
prints, 14, 24–30
see also engravings
Provenance: Angoulême, duchesse de, cats. 122, 124
Balleroy, château de, cat. 95
Barathier, Mathieu, cat. 143
Beaulieu bequest, cat. 135
Belay sale, cat. E
Benedict, Dr., cat. 4
Bertrand bequest, cats. 137, 138
Binney, Dr. Edward, III, cat. 54
Courmont, M de, cat. 25
David-Weill, David, cat. B
Desachée, M., cat. 54
Dubarry sale, cats. 11, 13
Duplessis bequest, cats. 147, 148
Eugénie, empress, cat. 146
Falcon, M., cat. 111
Ganay, comtesse, cat. 136
Gold, Rege, cat. 44
Guérin, Marcel, cat. 142
Hasson, Mrs. James, cat. 24
Hortense, queen, cat. 146
Illife, E. L., cat. 123
Karoline Luise, margravine, cat. D
Kent, Lady, cat. 86
La Motte-Beuvron, chateau de, cat. 99
Larremendy, M., cat. 111
Lastic, comte de, cats. 132, 133
Ling, James, cat. 44
LTV Steel Corp., cat. 44
Méry, marquis de, cat. 72
Morgan, J. Pierpont, cat. 61
Nystad, Saam, cat. 83
Paris, marquise de, cats. 51, 52
Polo, Mr. and Mrs. Roberto, cat. 30
Roche, Michel, cats. 38, 39
Saint-Palais, baronne de, cats. 21, 73, 87
Samuel H. Kress Foundation, cat. B
Sperling, Harry G., cats. 49, 54
Stijernsward, Mrs. B., cat. 7
Tourzel, duchesse de, cat. 58
Vissitier, Mme, cats. 41, 44
Weinberger, A., cat. 49
Wyrouboff, Mme, cat. 62
named collections: Accoyer, cat. 53
Angiviller, comte d’, cat. 80
Atthalin, baronne Laurent, cat. 10
Aubert, cat. 102
Aubry, Charles, cat. 50
Audeoud, James, cat. 81
Aved, cat. A
Axel Rydén cat. 7
Balsan, Consuela Vanderbilt, cat. 117
Barré, Emile, cat. 22
Bayser, Mme Patrick de, cat. 18
Beaujon, cat. 14
Bécherel, cat. 20
Belvalette, cat. 5
Benito Pardo, cat. 112
Bergh, Sidney J. van den, cat. 114
Bessereau, Victor, cat. 56
Beurdeley, A., cat. 130
Beurnonville, baron de, cat. 127
Boas, Denise, cats. 51, 52
Boer, P. de, cat. 114
Bõhler, Julius, cats. 110, 128
Brod, cat. 114
Broughton, cats. 32, 108
Cailleux, cat. 97
Cecil Lewis, cat. 11
Cesare Lanza, cats. 43, 63
Chabert, vicomte G., cats. 41, 44
Chaix d’Est Ange, cat. 15
Chamisso, cat. 25
Chaudenay, de, cat. 96
Clavière, cat. 81
Coblentz, L., cat. 83
Coincy, cat. 104
Companini-Bonomi, cat. 110
Conti, prince de, cat. 11
Cournerie, cats. 9, 16, 24, 36, 37, 42, 47, 54, 61, 83, 96, 125, 136, 147, 148
Courval, vicomtesse L. de, cats. 62, 94, 136, 159
Cuny, Mme de, cat. 72
David-Weill, cat. 2
Doistau, F., cats. 22, 24, 54, 83, 125
Doucet, Jacques, cat. 110
Drey, A. S., cat. 22
Duits, Clifford, cats. 42, 47
Durand, cats. 53, 57
Edward VII, king, cat. 111
Ephrussi de Rothschild, cats. 26, 31
Eugène Feral, cat. 96
Floriet, cats. 23, 34
Fould, Achille, cats. 65, 69
Fribourg, Mrs. Jules, cat. 54
Fribourg, René, cats. 42, 47
Ganay, comte André de, cat. 123
Ganay, comtesse de, cat. 136
Gardere, Theodore, cat. E
Giorgini, cat. 71
Girardot de Marigny, Jean, cats. 48, 65, 69
Goudstikker, cat. 54
Grange, cat. 129
Greene, Edward B., cat. C
Guillaumont, cat. 136
Haviland, cat. 104
Helft, sons of Leon, cat. 5
Herzog, baron, cat. 7
Hodgkin, Eliot, cat. 134
Hoentschel, Georges, cat. 61
Homberg, Octave, cat. 137
Houget, Fernand, cat. 66
Josephine, empress, cat. 146
Jumilhac, comte P. de, cats. 42, 47
Kling, Osborn, cat. 7
La Béraudière, comte de, cats. 26, 31
Lacroix, Henri, cats. 36, 37
Lagerfeld, cat. 20
Larramendy, Pierre, cat. 111
Lasquin, G. B., cat. 83
Laveissière, cat. 92
Le Boeuf, cat. 30
Leeb, cat. 71
Lefèvre-Bougon, cat. 84
Lemonnier, cat. 119
Lesseps, de, cat. 92
Levy, Etienne, cats. 38, 39, 95, 106, 155
Levy, Máxime, cat. 5
Louis XVIII, cat. 99
Lowenthal, John, cat. 117
Marcille, cats. 103, 112, A
Marie-Antoinette, cat. 53
Marigny, marquis de, cats. 14, 25, 29
Marlborough, cat. 117
M. Marcel Midy, cat. 44
Mme Veuve L. Doucet, cat. 28
Montullé, cats. 36, 37
Mouchy Douairière, madame la duchesse de, cat. 94
Nystad, cats. 34, 114
Ommeren, M. Ph. van, cats. 34, 83
Oulmont, Dr. Paul, cat. 17
Oustrac, d’, cat. 91
P. de B. (Lisbon), cats. 42, 47
Poix, princesse de, cat. 94
Polo, Roberto, cats. 11, 96
Ponsort, baron de, cat. 72
Porges, Mme Jules, cat. F
Potin, Mme, cats. 41, 44
Price Blackwood, major, cat. 11
Prouvost, cat. 45
Rambourg, Mme, cat. 84
Reber, Nicolas, cat. 81
Revilliod, Gustave, cat. 81
Ricketts, Charles, cat. 11
Rothan, cat. 111
Ruby, Mme, cat. 84
Sauvage, cats. 107, 108
Scharf, Dr. A., cat. 121
Sedelmeyer, cat. 9
Seligmann, cat. 107
Sibilla, cats. 51, 52, 64
Simon, Dr. James, cat. 22
Stettiner, cat. 41
Stumm-Holzhausen, baron, cat. 110
Sussmann, Alfred, cats. 53, 57
Terray, abbé, cats. 24, 30
Thaw, Eugene Victor, cat. 30
Thorsten Laurin, cat. 7
Trugger, Carl, cat. F
Van Dieman, cat. 54
Vernet, Joseph, cat. 19
Viefville, president de, cat. 152
Vitale-Bloch, cat. 34
Wildenstein, cat. 72
Prussian blue, 103
Rafael Valls, Ltd., cat. 19
Rameau, Charlotte-Louise (Mme Joseph-Benoit Suvée), 84, 92n. 62
Raoux, Jean, 68
Read, Mlle [Catherine], 82, 91n. 38, 92n. 55
Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (Madrid), 93n. 69
Reboul, Marie-Thérèse. See Vien, Mme Joseph-Marie
Redouté, Pierre-Joseph, 23, 24, 27, 29, 37n. 96, 89, 93n. 84
Redouté Rose, The, 29, 29
Regnault, Jean-Baptiste, 84
Remy, Pierre, 61
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste, 106
Renou, Antoine, 80, 90n. 30
Resnick, Lynda and Stewart, cat. 91
Restout, Jean, 90n. 33
Restout, Jean-Bernard, 19
Revolution, French, 20, 75–76, 77, 81
Reys-Allais, Mme (née Jenny-Augustine Allais), 30, 215
Ricourt, Charles, La Douleur (Pain or Sorrow), 20
Ring, Pieter de, 100
Still Life with a Golden Goblet, 100
Robert, Hubert, 17, 19, 21
Robert, Nicolas, 14, 23, 31
Robert, Paul-Ponce-Antoine. See Robert de Séri, P.-P.
Robert de Séri, P.-P. (Paul-Ponce-Antoine Robert), 14
Rochemore, Mlle de, 27
rococo, reaction against, 44
Roessig (publisher), 37n. 104
Roettiers, Joseph-Charles, 19, 204
AV-C’s portrait of (pl. 23), 204
Roland Delaporte, Horace-Henri, 53, 95, 111, 112
Orange Tree, The (pl. 83), 224
Still Life with Jar of Apricots and Hurdy-Gurdy (pl. 86), 53, 224
Still Life with Silver Coffeepot, 53, 54
Rome, art academy in. See Accademia di San Luca; French Academy
Rosenberg, Michael L., cats. 67, 144, 145
roses, publications on, 25–30, 37n. 104
Roslin, Alexandre, 16, 17, 19, 34n. 35, 90–91n. 33
Portrait of Anne Vallayer-Coster, (pl. 87), 18, 76, 102, 225
Portrait of Joseph-Marie Terray, abbé de Molesmes, ministre, 65
Portrait of Madame Joseph-Marie Vien, 78
Roslin, Mme Alexandre. See Giroust, Suzanne
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 76
royalty: AV-C as painter of, 21–22
gifts from, 13, 21, 81, 82, 91n. 49
gifts to, 19, 205, 213
influence of, and admission to the Académie, 81, 90–91n. 33, 93n. 83
patronage by, 59, 60, 68, 70n. 4, 79, 182
portraits of, procedures for painting, 227
Rubens, Peter Paul, 45, 56n. 26
Rust, Marina, cats. 78, 79
Ruysch, Rachel, 23
Saint-Aignan, sale of collection of, 63
Saint-Aubin, Charles-Germain de, 24
Les Fleurettes series, 36n. 91
Mes Petits bouquets series, 24, 25, 36n. 91
Saint-Aubin, Gabriel de, 56n. 13, 203
Saint-Huberty, Mme de [pseud. Anne-Antoinette Clavel], 208, 209
St. Martin, Mlle de, 85
Salbreux, Perrin de, 89
sale, Coster estate, 21, 35n. 65
AV-C’s works in, 16, 21, 22, 23, 30, 36n. 75, 61; cats. 27, 28, 71, 72, 74, 75, 83, 92, 95, 131, 132, 133, 147, 148, 150, 151, 157
miscellaneous artworks in, 20, 21, 35n. 65
Vernet’s works in, 33n. 16
Salon de la Corréspondance, 77, 79, 84, 88
exhibition of AV-C’s work at, 69–70
Salon of the Académie royale, 18, 31, 48, 49, 64–66
AV-C’s works exhibited at, 32
1771, 17, 22, 59, 60, 61, 198
1773, 22, 33n. 5
1775, 18, 22, 62, 65, 66
1776, 23
1777, 19, 34n. 46, 60, 72n. 47
1779, 18, 19, 34n. 46, 67, 68, 69
1781, 68, 208, 216, 227, 228, 229
1783, 19, 61, 69, 208
1785, 19, 43, 56n. 21, 57n. 46, 61, 69
1787, 59, 63
1804, 22
1817, 22, 36n. 75
art marketing and, 60–62
Chardin and, 18, 39, 48, 49
critics and, 43
exhibitions of, and women painters, 77, 81, 91n. 37
see also Académie de Saint-Luc, Salon of; Salon de la Corréspondance
Sauvage, Piat-Joseph, 19, 24, 62, 213
Savonnerie Manufactory, 20, 31–32, 215, 217
Saxony, daughters of the elector of, 92n. 67
Schabol, abbé Roger, 66, 72n. 51
Seghers, Samuel, 36n. 82
Segoura Collection, cat. 45
self-copying, 46, 51
Sevres Manufactory: botanical services produced by, 31
prints used as models in, 25, 30
shells, in AV-C’s work, 64
signatures, AV-C’s, 47, 106, 213, 215
see also monograms
silk manufactories, prints used as models in, 25, 30
Silvestre, Louis, 85
Silvestre, Marie-Maximilienne, 85, 92n. 67
Silvestre, Mme Louis. See Herault, Marie-Catherine
Snyders, Frans, 111
Société Populaire et Républicaine des Arts, 91n. 36
see also Commune General des Arts
Sophie, Madame, 226, 227, 227, 229, 230n. 2
AV-C’s portraits of, 21, 68, 73n. 81, 82, 91n. 38, 228, 229, 230
full-length version, 73n. 81, 206, 226, 228, 229, 230
Sorin, Mme, 34n. 51
Soyer (artist), 28, 28
Spaendonck, Corneille van, 31
Spaendonck, Gérard van, 19, 23, 31, 35n. 53
as AV-C’s rival, 23, 61, 62, 71n. 31
engravings after, 24, 28, 29–30
Rose à cent feuilles (One Hundred Petal Rose), 29, 30
Rose unique, 30
sponsorship: for admission to the Académie, 34nn. 32, 35, 40, 55n. 10, 80, 84, 90–91n. 33
AV-C’s lack of apparent, 39–40, 90–91n. 33
artistic, 88
Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, cat. D
Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemäldegalerie, cats. 4, 128
Städtische Kunstsammlungen, Dusseldorf, cat. 8
Stanisłas I. See Leszczyńszki, Stanisław
Starobinski, Jean, The Invention of Liberty, 76
still-life painting: AV-C’s, 16, 51, 76, 95, 99, 100, 101, 106, 109–111
Chardin’s, 39, 44
Dutch, 99, 100, 101
eighteenth-century, 43–46, 62, 95
see also flower painting
strainers, 38, 99, 99
Stressor, Anne-Marie-Renée, 93n. 72
supports, used by AV-C, 96–99, 100, 112n. 7
Suvée, Joseph-Benoit, 84, 92n. 62
Suvée, Mme Joseph-Benoit. See Rameau, Charlotte-Louise
tapestry, AV-C’s work as models for, 16, 31–32, 37n. 114, 47, 47, 196, 208, 215, 217, 223
Tardieu, Elisabeth-Claire, 91n. 35
Tardieu, Jacques-Nicolas, 15
Tardieu, Pierre-François, 26, 27, 27
Teniers, David, the younger, 21, 57n. 31
Denial of Saint Peter, 67–68
Terray, Joseph-Marie, abbé, 18, 64–66, 65, 70, 72n. 46, 200, 201
Tessier, Louis, 25–27, 32
Livre de fleurs, 26
Livre de six bouquets, 26
Roses doubles, 26, 29
Therbouche, Anna-Dorothea Liziewska-, 78, 90n. 27
Self-Portrait, 79
Thierry, 19, 34n. 51
Titian, 46, 111
Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio, cats. 65, 69
Tourzel, duchesse de, 19, 206
trompe-l’oeil, 17–18, 21, 98, 106, 107
see also bas-reliefs imités
Turpin de Crissé, marquis Lancelot de, 66
Vagliengo, Marie-Christine (Mme Campana), 82
Vallayer, Anne. See Vallayer-Coster, Anne
Vallayer, Elisabeth. See Bouhébent, Elisabeth de
Vallayer, Joseph (father), 13–14, 33n. 4
Vallayer, Madeleine, 13
Vallayer, Mme (mother), 13, 14
Vallayer, Simone, 13
Vallayer-Coster, Anne: the Académie and, 16–18, 22, 34n. 32, 39–41, 55n. 7, 59, 60, 79, 80, 90–91n. 33
allegory by, 22, 48, 60, 62, 66
art collection of, 14, 100
see also sale, Coster estate
art studies of, 14–15, 16, 23, 33n. 9, 81, 95
attributions to, 208, 214, 225
bas-reliefs imités by, 17–18, 24, 51, 95, 99, 101, 106–107, 109
see also plates 8, 11, 19, 20
Chardin and, 16, 17, 22, 34nn. 29, 32, 40, 41–42, 46–54, 59, 60, 62, 69, 95, 106, 109–110
clientele of, 14, 18–19, 21–22, 23, 56n. 13, 59–60, 61, 63, 64, 66–70 passim, 70n. 6, 73n. 81
colors used by. See pigments; Vallayer-Coster, Anne, technique of, palette
commissions for, 21, 36n. 71, 68, 82, 89, 91n. 38, 219, 226–227, 228
condition problems in works of, 111
critics on, 17, 18, 22–23, 32., 34n. 46, 36n. 85, 40, 55n. 7, 62, 65, 68, 69, 70n. 3, 73, 216, 227, 229
death of, 21
dimensions of paintings by, 98, 197, 208, 216
early life, 13–14
early work of, 16, 22, 46–47
empress Josephine and, 88, 93n. 77
engravings after, 21, 29, 37n. 102
exhibition of work by, 55n. 4, 69–70
see also Salon of the Académie royale
as a figure painter, 52–53, 62, 68
firescreens by, 36n. 75, 215
as a flower painter, 22–23, 32, 50, 51–52, 62, 101–109
passim formats used by, 96, 96, 98–99, 100, 101, 231n. 21
the French Revolution and, 20
gender and, 18, 39, 55n. 7, 62, 65, 70n. 3
genre paintings by, 34n. 46, 59, 61, 62
income and assets of, 20, 35n. 57, 73n. 81
influence of, 30, 31, 46, 54
influences on, 14–15, 22, 23, 36n. 79, 53
see also Chardin, Jean-Siméon
Joseph Vernet and, 14–16, 41, 46, 84
lodgings of, in the Louvre, 19, 20–21, 59, 68, 70n. 12, 81, 89
marketing of work by, 60, 61–62, 70
marriage contract of, 19–20, 34n. 47, 59, 68
marriage of, 19–20, 59, 68
miniatures by, 87, 92n. 50, 96, 221
as patron, 82
patronage for, 19, 62, 68, 79, 88, 89
payment to, in artworks, 20
portraits by, 18, 20, 21–22, 33n. 5, 36nn. 70–72, 62–63, 68–69, 70, 73n. 81, 91n. 38, 226–229
of Marie-Antoinette, 82, 89, 92n. 50
of the marquis and marquise de Créqui, 35n. 57, 73n. 81
of Mlle Coigny, 68–69
of her sisters, 199–200
techniques of, 101, 107
of an unidentified woman (attrib.), 219
see also Vallayer-Coster, Anne, as a figure
painter portraits of (pl. 87), 18, 18, 35n. 55, 76, 82, 102
prices attained by, 61, 64, 68, 70, 72n. 59, 73n. 81
prints as models for, 25, 28
Queen Marie-Antoinette and. See Marie-Antoinette
replicas by, 95, 106, 107, 212, 213, 216, 216 (cats. 122–124), 229
reputation of, 76, 85
self-portraits by, 16, 18, 49, 200, 219
still lifes by, 16, 76, 95, 100, 101, 106, 109–111
studio practices of, 23, 102
supports used by, 96–99, 100, 101
tapestries modeled on works by, 16, 31–32, 37n. 114, 47, 47, 196, 208, 215, 217, 223
as a teacher, 30
technique of, 95–112
accomplished, 16, 42, 46, 47, 95, 110
alla prima, 106, 109, 110
brushwork, 48, 49–50, 49, 50, 51–52, 53, 106, 107, 107, 109, 110, 111
composition, 32–33, 48–49, 101, 106, 107, 109
drawing, 102
glazes used by, 104–110 passim
grounds used by, 99–101, 109, 113nn. 15, 16
impasto, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112
imprimatura, 100–101, 110, 111
paint handling, 106–112
palette, 47, 49, 51–52, 53, 102–112, 113n. 40
pentimenti and, 109, 113n. 59
precision in, 29, 30
preliminary sketches, 101–102
range, 22–23, 63, 106, 109, 112
reflections painted by, 16, 48, 52, 52, 103, 106, 111, 112
underdrawing, 101
wet-in-wet, 107, 110, 111
watercolors by, 102, 104, 105
works: Alabaster Bowl Trimmed in Bronze with Peaches, An, 209
Animaux de Basse-Cour, 70n. 6
Attributes of Hunting and Gardening, The, 22, 53, [64], 65, 65, 66, 72n. 46, 200
Attributes of Music, The (pl. 5), 16, 17, 40, [48], 49, 49 (detail), 50, [62], 198
technique of, 49, 49, 95–99, 106, 110–111, 112, 113n. 15
Attributes of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture, The, 16, 17, 40, 41, 48–49, [62], 94, 196–197
technique of, 95–106, 96, 97, 110, 111, 113n. 15
Autumn Daisies (pl. 59), 220–221
technique of, 96, 102
Autumn. See Summer Basket of Grapes (pl. 12), 51, 200
technique of, 95, 97, 99, 100, 111
Basket of Grapes, A, 209
Basket of Grapes, Apples, and Partridge, 198
Basket of Peaches with Melon (pl. 9), 199
Basket of Plums (pl. 2), 197
technique, 99
Basket of Plums and Grapes, 16, 34n. 29
Bas-Relief, 213
Bouquet of Dahlias (pl. 56), 22, 23, 220
Bouquet of Flowers, 220
Bouquet of Flowers, A, 213
Bouquet of Flowers and Fruit (1808, cat. 152) (pl. 65), 221
Bouquet of Flowers and Fruit (1808, cat. 153) (pl. 66), 221
Bouquet of Flowers in a Blue Porcelain Vase (pl. 79), 24, [66], 104 (detail), 105 (detail), 108 (detail), 202
technique of, 95, 97, 98, 99–100, 101, 103–105, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 113n. 15
Bouquet of Flowers in a Terracotta Vase, with Peaches and Grapes (pl. 20), 24, [66], 104 (detail), 105 (detail), 108 (detail), 202
technique of, 95, 97, 98, 99–100, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 113n. 15
Bouquet of Flowers in an Alabaster Vase, 51, 52 (detail), 212
Bouquet of Flowers with a Purse (pl. 15), 200
Bouquet of Flowers with Grapes and Apples (pl. 76), 207
Bowl of Apples, A, 200
Brioche, La, 196
Bust of a Young Vestal (pl. 25), 19, 68, 88–89, 205, 206
Bust of Minerva with Military Attributes, [60], 203, 203
Children at Play—Spring. See Satyrs and Putti Playing with a Panther
Children Playing (Jeux d’enfants), 17, 34n. 39
Children’s Game. See Spring (Children’s Game)
Children with a Goat, 18, 213
Decoration for a Salon (Seasons and Arts) (attrib.), 208
Dessert, The, 16, 47, 47, 196
Dessert (Le Service à crème) (tapestry), 196
Female Faun and Putti (1773) (pl. 8), 18, 21, 199
technique of, 95, 98, 99, 106
Female Faun and Putti (1774) (pl. 77), 18, 21, 106–107, 200
Figure of a Young Arab Girl, 61, [73]
Five Peaches, 214
Flowers and Fruit with Blue Curtain (pl. 31), 207
Flowers in a Basket, 214
Flowers in a Blue Porcelain Vase (1778 or 1780), 205
Flowers in a Blue Porcelain Vase (1782) (pl. 32), 208
Flowers in a Blue Porcelain Vase (unlocated), 18
Flowers in a Blue Vase (1776), 202
Flowers in a Blue Vase (1801), 212
Flowers in a Blue Vase (n.d.), 214
Flowers in a Blue Vase with Dead Canary (tapestry) (pl. 70), 32, 223
Flowers in a Brown Porcelain Vase (pl. 46), 214
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (1775), 207
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (1786; cat. 76) (pl. 36), 209)
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (1786; cat. 77), 209–210
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (1789) (pl. 42), 211
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (n.d., cat 107), 214
Flowers in a Crystal Vase (n.d., cat. 155) (pl. 68), 53, 222
Flowers in a Glass (1778 or 1780), 205
Flowers in a Glass (n.d.), 214
Flowers in a Glass Vase (1776), 202
Flowers in a Glass Vase (1777), 51, 52 (detail), 204
Flowers in a Glass Vase (1806) (pl. 44), 213
Flowers in a Glass Vase (n.d.), 213
Flowers in a Lapis Blue Vase, 207
Flowers in a Lapis Vase, 67, [68]
Flowers in a Vase and Two Plums (tapestry) (pl. 69), 32, 223
Flowers in a Vase with Shell, 212
Fruit and Flowers, 211
Hare, Partridge, and Ham, 16, 197
Hound with Dead Game in a Landscape, A, 61, 208
Loin of Mutton, A, 16
Lunch, The, 16, 47, 47, 196
Lunch (La Brioche) (tapestry), 196
Madame de Saint-Huberty in the Rôle of Dido (pl. 35), 53, 56n. 21, 61, 62–63, [69], 208–209
Mario Coster Building a House of Cards, 211
Meal, A, 200
Medallion Bust Portrait of a Woman in Profile (pl. 62), 219
Melancholy, 205, 206
Musical Instruments (pl. 47), 214–215
Musical Instruments Firescreen, 215
Partridges (pl. 37), 210
Pâté, Liqueur et Raisins, [69], 204
Peaches, 215
Peaches and Cherries, 16, 34n. 29, 197
Peaches and Grapes (tapestry), 275
Peaches and Silver Goblet, 212
Peaches and Various Objects, 215
Peaches, Bread, and Wine, 215
Peaches, Grapes, and Bread, 215
Pears, Grapes, and Eggplants, 205
Plums, a Lemon, and a Knife (pl. 48), 204, 205
Plums and Almonds (n.d., cat. 118), 215
Plums and Almonds (n.d., cat. 119), 215
Plums, Glass, and Almonds, 216
Plums on a Ledge, 216
Portrait de Mme B., Le, 199
Portrait of a Boy, 19, 206
Portrait of a Woman, 67, 72n. 59
Portrait of a Woman Writing and Her Daughter (pl. 17), 201
Portrait of a Young Violinist (pl. 10), 200
Portrait of Jean-Pierre-Silvestre Coster, Parliamentary Lawyer (pl. 64), 219
Portrait of Joseph-Charles-Roettiers (1692–1779) (pl. 23), 53, 204
technique of, 95, 98, 100, 106, 107, 113n. 15
Portrait of Madame Adélaïde, 216, 229, 231n. 21
Portrait of Madame Auguié, 53, 53, 68, 82, 83, 216
Portrait of Madame Victoire, 216, 229, 231n. 21
Portrait of Marie-Adélaïde-Louise de France (1732–1800), called Madame Adélaïde (pl. 28), 22, 107 (detail), 206, 228–229
technique of, 96, 98, 99, 100, 107, 107, 113n. 15
Portrait of Marie-Louise-Thérèse-Victoire de France (1733–1799), called Madame Victoire (pl. 27), 22, 206, 228–229
technique of, 96, 98, 99, 100, 107
Portrait of Mme de Béricourt, 199
Portrait of Mme de Bouhébent, 199
Portrait of Queen Marie-Antoinette (pl. 63), 21–22, 36n. 71, 72, [82], 219
Portrait of Sophie-Philippe-Elisabeth-Justine de France (1734–1782), called Madame Sophie (pl. 26), 21, 35n. 57, 68, 73n. 81, 82, 205–206, 226–227, 228–229
technique of, 96, 98, 99, 99, 100, 104, 107
Portrait of the Artist’s Sister (pl. 61), 218
Presumed Portrait of Little Mario Coster, 209
Rooster and a White Chicken on a Stone Ledge, A (pl. 39), 20, 37n. 114, 59, 210
Roses (pl. 58), 23, 29, 220
technique of, 96, 102, 104
Roses in a Glass (1772), 199
Roses in a Glass (1809) (pl. 67), 199, 221
Roses in a Glass and Grapes, 213
Roses, Snowballs, Peonies, and Hyacinths in a Glass, 216
Satyrs and Putti Playing near a Term. See Winter
Satyrs and Putti Playing with a Panther (Children at Play—Spring) (pl. 21), 203; see also Summer
Seasons, set of, 203, 204
Self-Portrait (pl. 60), 18, 219
Service à crème, Le, 196
Some Flowers in an Alabaster Vase, 212
Spring, 203; see also Summer
Spring (Children’s Game), 217
Still Life: Flowers and Fruit (pl. 40), 210
Still Life with a basket of Fruit, Rifles, and Hare on a Table, 217
Still Life with a basket of Peaches and a Silver Goblet, 69, 69, 204
Still Life with a Frugal Repast, 53, 54, 217
Still Life with a Vase of Flowers with Peaches and Grapes, 212
Still Life with Brioche, Fruit, and Vegetables (pl. 18), 202
Still Life with Dead Hare (pl. 3), 16, 197
technique of, 95, 97, 97, 98, 110, 111, 113n. 15
Still Life with Duck, 210
Still Life with Fruit and Bottles, 217
Still Life with Game (pl. 34), 19, 69, 208
technique of, 96, 106, 111
Still Life with Glasses and Mackerels (pl. 41), 211
Still Life with Ham, 16, 22, 41, 41, 46–47, 196
Still Life with Ham, Bottles, and Radishes (pl. 1), 16, 196
Still Life with Lobster (1781) (pl. 33), 52, 52 (detail), 69, 201
technique of, 96, 100, 106, 107, 111
Still Life with Lobster (1817) (pl. 45), 22. 213
technique of, 96, 100, 106, 112
Still Life with Military Musical Instruments, 60, 61, 62, [73], 198
Still Life with Minerals, 211
Still-Life with Peaches and Grapes (pl. 49), 215, 217
Still Life with Plums and a Lemon (pl. 24), 204, 215
Still Life with Porcelain Vase, Marine Plants, Shells, and Various Mineralogical Specimens (pl. 22), [60], 203
Still Life with Porphyry Vase, Basket of Peaches, Grapes, and Plums (pl. 43), 212-213
Still Life with Seashells and Coral (pl. 4), 17, 41, 56n. 13, [61], [62], [64], [73], 197–198
technique of, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100–101, 100, 103, 106, 110
Still Life with Silver Pitcher, frontispiece, 16, 47–48, 48, 196
Still Life with Urn, Fruits, and a Lobster, 62, 66
Study of a Bouquet of Flowers with Daffodils (pl. 54), 220
Study of a Bouquet of Flowers with Tulips (pl. 55), 220
Study of a Bouquet of Gillyflowers (pl. 57), 23, 217
Study of Hyacinths, 217
Study of Red Hollyhocks (pl. 53), 23, 217
Study of Roses, 218
Study of Two Roses (pl. 57), 29, 221
Study of White Hollyhocks (pl. 52), 23, 218
Summer (Satyrs and Putti Playing with a Panther) (Spring) (Autumn), 203
Tableau de gibier avec des attributs de chasse, Un, 208
Trompe l’Oeil of a Terracotta Bas-Relief (after La Rue) Pinned to a Wooden Panel (pl. 7), 18, 199
Trophies of the Hunt (1774; cat. 28) (pl. 13), 201
Trophies of the Hunt (1774; cat. 29) (pl. 14), 19, 201
Trophies of the Hunt (1787), 51, 51, 211
Trophies of the Hunt (exh. 1785), 19
Two Red Partridges, 210
Two Studies for Roses, 221
Two Studies for Roses on a Brown Background, 221
Urn with Fruit and Lobster, 19
Vase, Minerals, Crystals, and Three Vials of Spirit Alcohol on a Table, A, 56n. 13, [61], [62], [64], [73], 198
Vase of Flowers (1780) (pl. 29), 50 (details), 51, 206
technique of, 96, 107–108, 109, 111, 113n. 15
Vase of Flowers (n.d.) (pl. 50), 218
technique of, 96, 109, 113n. 15
Vase of Flowers and a Book, 202
Vase of Flowers and Bird’s Nest, 218
Vase of Flowers and Fruits, 61
Vase of Flowers and Grapes (1781), 207
Vase of Flowers and Grapes (1793), 211
Vase of Flowers and Two Plums on a Marble Tabletop, A (pl. 30), 51, 52 (detail), 207–208
technique of, 96, 96, 98, 99, 100, 105, 107, 109
Vase of Flowers, Bird’s Nest, and Purse, 207
Vase of Flowers, Nest, and Dead Canary, 203
Vase of Flowers with a Bust of Flora, 22 51, 52, [64]–66, 65–66, 65, 72n. 46, 207
Vestal, A, 218
Vestal Crowned with Roses and Holding a Basket of Flowers, A, 206
White Hen, A (pl. 38), 210
White Soup Tureen, The (pl. 6), 198
Winter (Satyrs and Putti Playing near a Term), 204
Woman Arranging Flowers, A, 216
Young Vestal Showing the Bust of Vesta, A, 204–205
Valori, Caroline de (née d’Ette), 84
Vandières, marquis de, 14
Vaudreuil, Joseph-Hyacinthe-François, comte de, 68
Vauquer, Jacques, 23, 25, 31
Véalle, Jean-Guillaume, 16, 196
Velazquez, Diego, 113n. 60
vellum, paintings on (veilins du roi), 14, 23, 24
Venus Pudica, 56n. 21
Vergennes, Charles-Gravier, comte de, 68
Véri-Raionard, Louis-Gabriel, marquis de, 18, 19, 34n. 47, 68
Vernet, Antoine, 15
Vernet, Antoine (Antoine-Ignace), 15
Flowers in a Glass, 15, 15
Vernet, Carle, 35n. 53
Vernet, François (Antoine-François), 15, 33n. 21
Vernet, Joseph (Claude-Joseph), 60
AV-C’s holdings of works by, 21, 35n. 67
as AV-C’s teacher, 14–15, 41, 84, 95
AV-C’s works owned by, 18, 19, 107, 199
fees charged by, 69
Girardot de Marigny and, 19, 69
lodgings of, in the Louvre, 19, 35n. 53
as a teacher, 15–16, 17, 33nn. 18, 19, 46
Vigée-Le Brun and, 33n. 18
works: Pêche du thon, La (View of the Gulf of Bandol), 20
Seaport: Sunset, 67
Tulip, 12, 14–15, 15
View of Naples with a Rainbow, 67
Verrue, comtesse de, 66
Vestals, as subject matter, 205
Vestier, Antoine, 92n. 68
Mademoiselle Nicole Vestier at Her Easel, 85
Victoire, Madame, 88, 228
portraits of, 22, 82, 228, 229, 229
Vien, Joseph-Marie, 14, 17, 33n. 9, 35n. 53, 80, 84, 88, 90n. 33, 92n. 61
Vien, Mme Joseph-Marie (née Marie-Thérèse Reboul), 19, 78
as member of the Académie, 14, 17, 78, 80–81, 90n. 27
work of, 23, 90n. 17
Vigée-Le Brun, Elisabeth-Louise, 68, 86, 93n. 76, 96, 209
the Académie and, 34n. 35, 68, 70n. 4, 80, 81, 84, 90n. 27, 90n. 32, 93n. 83
the Académie de Saint-Luc and, 60, 70n. 13
AV-C and, 62
reputation of, 76, 77–78, 85
on the role of women in society, 76
royal commissions for, 82, 89, 91n. 38
technique of, 101, 101, 107
Vernet and, 33n. 18, 84
works: Marie-Antoinette and Her Children, 88, [91n. 38]
Self-Portrait (1790), 77
Self-Portrait (1800), 101, 101
Villa Ephrussi de Rothschild—Instituí de France, Saint-Jean Cap Ferrat, cats. 26, 31
Villa Moricet, Versailles, cat. 70
Villers, Marie-Denise, 92n. 62
Vincennes porcelain manufactory, 30
Vissitier, Mme, 60, 203
Volland, Sophie, 14
Vollon, Antoine, 54
Voltaire, 89n. 13
Dialogue de Pégase et du vieillard, 66, 72n. 48
Vouet, Simon, 63
Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, work by AV-C in, 21, 36nn. 70, 72
War of Independence (America), French financiers of, 69
Watteau, Antoine, 66, 85, 103
Plaisirs du bal, Les, 72n. 52
Weyler, Jean-Baptiste, 92n. 50
Wille, Jean-Georges, 40, 55n. 7
Wille, Pierre-Alexandre, Return to Virtue, 64
women: ambition in, as impropriety, 77, 89n. 13
as artists, 18, 62, 76, 77, 78, 81–87, 90n. 30, 91n. 38, 92n. 25, 226–227
as collectors and patrons, 82, 85, 88–89, 93n. 75
exhibition of work by, 55n. 4, 77, 81, 91nn. 37, 41
as genre painters, 85, 86
history painting and, 17, 59, 93n. 70
as members of the Académie de Saint-Luc, 87–88, 93n. 72
as members of the Académie royale, 14, 17, 56n. 11, 59, 62, 71, 76, 78–80, 90n. 17, 93n. 70
as members of the Commune General des Arts, 81, 91nn. 35, 36
perceptions of eighteenth-century, 75–76
roles of, in shaping culture, 76–77, 82–86, 89
royal employment for, as artists, 81–86
Xavery, Mlle, 87
Zuylen, Belle de, 92n. 61