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Carroll, Margaret D.

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Margaret D. Carroll

Hieronymus Bosch: Time and Transformation in The Garden of Earthly Delights

Index

Author

Margaret D. Carroll

PublisherYale University Press

Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-23185

Index

Abelard, Peter, 149n3

Abstinence Contrainte and Faux Semblant figure, 119, 120

Agrippa, Henry Cornelius: Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex, 88

Aken, van, family history

Anthonius (father), 13–14, 146n17

Goeswinnus (brother), 146n17

Jheronimus (See Bosch, Hieronymus)

Alamire, Petrus (Pierre van der Hove), 14

Alan of Lille: Plaint of Nature, 100

Alberti, Leon Battista, 104, 127–28

Albertus Magnus, 57

Alexander the Great, 17, 21–23, 22–23, 29, 34, 35, 58, 147n51

Alexander VI (pope), 114–15, 153n15

Ambrose, Saint, 36

Andrew, Saint, 25, 27

Antichrist, 20, 89, 112, 114, 119, 153n17

Apelles, 29–30

Aristotle, 4, 17, 36, 54, 58, 90, 100, 134, 152n38

Metaphysics, 13

Nicomachaean Ethics, 100, 103, 104

Politics, 102–4, 152n49

Problems, 12, 20, 155n105

Augustine, Saint, 17, 36, 37, 62, 150n27

City of God, 17

Confessions, 148n11, 148n36, 149n47

literal exposition of Genesis, 17, 42, 44–45, 47, 52, 54, 72, 148n8, 148n15, 148n30

Babylon, 111

Baldung Grien, Hans: Witches’ Sabbath, 120, 154n48

Barbari, Jacopo de’, 35

View of Venice, 35, 36–37

Bartholomaeus Anglicus

Livre des propriétés des choses (De proprietatibus rerum, tr. Corbichon), 17, 18–19, 21, 24, 24, 58, 146n37, 149n11, 150n15, 150n32, 151n43, 152n38, 152n41

Van den proprieteyten der dinghen, 148n10

Basil of Caesarea, Saint, 36, 44, 45, 58

Bax, Dirk, 5, 150n32, 154n49

Baxandall, Michael, 29

Beatis, Antonio de, 1, 12, 15, 28, 30, 93, 127

Belting, Hans, 5

Berthoze, Charles de, 16

Boethius, 146n24

Book of Hours for Engelbert of Nassau, 66, 68, 126, 127

Bosch, Hieronymus

life of, 13–14

musical involvement of, 3, 4, 14, 117

Bosch, Hieronymus, works by

Adoration of the Magi, 46, 145n3 (Ch. 1)

Mass of St. Gregory on shutters, 47

chapel decorations and stained-glass window designs, 14

Christ Presented to the People, 14, 15

Extraction of the Stone of Madness, 17, 20

Haywain triptych, 34, 77, 112, 115, 115, 139–40, 145n3 (Ch. 1)

Last Judgment (now lost), 16

Last Judgment triptych (Vienna), 58, 77, 78, 86, 88, 139–40, 151n68

Opus creationis hexaemeron mundi, 14, 36

panels (now lost) for high altar in church of St. John, Den Bosch, 36

Saint Anthony triptych, 16, 58, 120, 153n39

Saint John on Patmos, 112

Ship of Fools, 128, 128

Treeman, 124, 125–30, 127 See also Garden of Earthly Delights

Bosch Research and Conservation Project, 3, 15, 146n39

Bovelles, Charles: “God Creating the World Out of Nothing,” 47, 48

Brabant, 13, 15, 123, 127, 154n52

Brant, Sebastian: Ship of Fools, 128, 153n15, 155nn84–85

Bredemers, Henrik, 14

British Library, 3

Brotherhood of Our Blessed Lady (Illustre (or Onze) Lieve Vrouwe Broederschap), 13–14, 117

Bruegel the Elder, Pieter

Children’s Games, 95, 140, 141–43, 152n23

Dulle Griet, 141, 141

Justicia (Justice), 143, 143

Luxuria (Lust), 141, 141

Brueghel the Elder, Jan, 77

Earthly Paradise, 75, 75

Brussels: Nassau Palace, 1, 5, 12, 15, 16, 28, 93, 131, 141

Burchard, Johannes, 114

Burgundian court culture, 3–5, 8, 9, 14–16, 17, 37, 88, 90, 93, 102, 146n34, 147n43

Cadden, Joan, 155n105

candled egg, 44, 73

Canter, Jacobus, 153n26

Cantimpré, Thomas à: De natura rerum (thirteenth century), 58, 150n33

Casas, Bartolomeoa de las

Devastation of the Indies: A Brief Account, 123, 154n51

History of the Indies, 123

Certeau, Michel de, 5, 151n60

Charles V (king of France), 21, 123

Charles of Egmont, 16, 123

Charles the Bold (duke of Burgundy), 14, 22, 34

Prayer Book of, 14, 25, 26–27, 125–26, 147n63, 150n24

Christ, 8, 9, 43, 43, 46, 55, 86–89, 87–88, 89–90, 90, 104, 105, 117, 132, 136, 155n106

Christopher, Saint, 128

Cock, Hieronymus, 141

Columbus, Christopher, 57, 73–75

Comestor, Petrus (Peter): Scolastica historia, 37, 89

coral, 73, 151nn51–52

Corbichon, Jean, translator. See Bartholomaeus Anglicus Cranach the Elder, Lucas: The Judgment of Paris, 28–29

Creation narrative in the Bible, 36–45, 38–40, 48, 52–62, 75, 93, 132, 139. See also scriptural references, Genesis 1 and Genesis 2

Cyprian, 77–78, 151n72

Daniel (biblical prophet), 117

Daston, Lorraine, 21

Decembrio, Angelo: De politia litteraria, 29–30, 66–68, 128

De fino mundi, 117

Den Bosch. See ’s-Hertogenbosch

Denis (Dionysius) the Carthusian, 5

Dixon, Laurinda, 145n11 (Introduction)

dragons, 27, 56–57, 81, 149n11

dragon tree, 55, 57, 149n6

Du Bartas, Guillaume: La sepmaine, ou, création du monde, 75

Dürer, Albrecht, 126, 136

Adam and Eve before the Fall, 62, 62

Self-Portrait, 136, 136

Seven Angels with Seven Trumpets (Apocalypse series), 77

ears, amputation of, 120, 123, 154n49, 154n51

egg, transparency when candled, 44, 44, 73

encyclopedic curiosity, 4, 17–23

Engelbert II (count of Nassau), 15–16, 28, 123

Book of Hours for, 66, 68, 119, 126, 127, 155n80

Epicurean philosophy, 103, 129

Erasmus, 117, 134, 155n101

Adage, “War is sweet to the inexperienced,” 134–35

The Complaint of Peace, 134–35

“The Godly Feast,” 62, 145n13 (Ch. 1)

Handbook of the Militant Christian, 119, 134

Julius exclusus de caelis, 115

Panegyric of 1504, 147n51, 154n52

Praise of Folly, 128–29, 134, 155n79

Este, Leonello d’ (duke of Ferrara), 29–30, 147n68

Evrart de Conty, 12, 145n8 (Ch. 1)

explorers’ discoveries, 73–74, 102, 134

Falkenburg, Reindert, 5, 16, 55, 81, 150nn31–32, 155n89, 155n92, 155n107

Faux Semblant hypocrite, 119, 120

Ferrer, Vincent (saint), 117

Ficino, Marsilio, 152n37, 152n56

Fischer, Stefan, 150n32

Garden of Earthly Delights (Bosch)

fully opened, 8–9, 10, 79, 89, 92, 131, 131

location in “Great Gallery,” 131, 146n26, 152n15

SHUTTERS (CREATION OF THE WORLD), 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 34–49, 35, 42, 45, 48, 65, 68, 82, 93, 136, 139

LEFT WING (PARADISE PANEL), 4, 5, 27–28, 132–33, 134, 136

Adam and Eve, 52, 62, 86–90, 87–90, 104, 105, 136, 150n32, 155n107

animals, 56–58, 57, 59, 60–61, 62, 61, 149nn10–11

fountain, 57–58, 68

landscape, 52–62, 53–54, 57, 59, 61, 63–64, 65–66, 68, 72, 73, 79, 82, 126, 149n7, 149nn10–11, 150n30, 150n32

X-ray and infrared reflectogram, xii, 3, 60, 61

CENTER PANEL (GARDEN PANEL), 4, 9, 13, 28, 133–35

animals, 65, 81

fountain, 66, 68, 70–71

human inhabitants, 86, 90–105, 91, 93–105

landscape, 62–77, 64–67, 69–74, 81, 82, 82, 150n20, 150n33

X-ray and infrared reflectogram, xii, 3, 15–16, 16, 71, 97

RIGHT WING (APOCALYPSE PANEL), 4, 143

Birdman, 80, 81, 108, 112–13, 113, 115, 117, 119, 130, 132

fountain, 79–81, 80

landscape, 76, 77–83, 79–83

musical instruments, 110–11, 116, 117, 118, 119

Treeman, 79, 80, 81, 82, 108, 111, 129–36, 133

X-ray and infrared reflectogram, xii, 3, 125, 125

Ghent: Saint Bavo, 12

Gibson, Walter S., 5

Ginzburg, Carlo, 28

Glum, Peter, 5, 117, 153n3

Golden Age, 5, 9, 86, 94–95, 104, 108, 111, 117, 133, 136, 140, 152n46

Golden Fleece, order of, 15, 23

Gombrich, E. H., 5, 43, 63, 86, 149n54

Gossaert, Jan

Hercules and Dejaneira, 28, 93

Neptune and Amphitrite, 28, 29

Grenier, Pasquier, workshop of, 23

Scenes from the Life of Alexander the Great, 23, 23, 35

griffins, 22, 23, 27, 30, 34, 66–68, 67, 67–68, 95, 95

grisaille tradition, 46–47

Gruuthuse, Lodewijck van (Louis de Bruges), 37, 56, 58, 66, 146n34

gryllus, 123–25

Guelders wars, 123

Guillaume de Lorris: Roman de la rose. See Jean de Meun

Guillaume de Saint Amour, 154n42

Guyart (or Guiart) des Moulins: Bible historiale, 17, 37, 38–39, 40, 44, 89

Ham and his descendants, 102

Hameker, Willem, 14

Henry III (count of Nassau), 1, 5, 12, 15–16, 22, 28, 30, 93, 123, 131, 141, 145n8 (Ch. 1)

’s-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch, Bosch’s native town), 1, 3, 4, 13–14, 123

Church of Saint John, 14, 36

Hitchcock, Alfred, 83, 132–33

Hohenstaufen, Frederick II, Livre de l’art de chasser aux oiseaux, 24, 24, 58

Holy Spirit, 40, 44

Horace, 30, 129

Hours of Mary of Burgundy, 92, 111, 117, 123, 147n63, 153n5, 153n34

“inexpressibility topos,” 4, 12, 58, 74–75

Iron Age, 4, 108–36, 153n26

Isabela (island), 74

Isabella (queen of Castile), 14, 23

Isidore of Seville, 17

Etymologiae, 37, 149n11

Jacobs, Lynn, 5, 155n89

Jean de Meun: Roman de la rose (The Romance of the Rose), 5, 9, 17, 17, 94, 99, 119, 147n43, 149n3

Joanna of Castile (wife of Philip the Fair), 15, 23

John the Baptist, 25, 26

John the Evangelist, 46, 111, 112, 153n8

Josephus, Flavius: Antiquitez juives (Jewish Antiquities), 56, 56, 60, 66, 152n19

Julius II (pope), 115

Kavaler, Ethan Matt, 149n13, 155n90

Koerner, Joseph, 5, 58, 153n4

Koninklijke Bibliotheek (Netherlands), 3

Lactantius: Divine Institutes, 104, 151n72

Lalaing, Antoine de, 15–16

La Rue, Pierre de (Peter van Straten), 14

Last Judgment, 9, 77, 108, 139–40. See also Last

Judgment triptych at Bosch, Hieronymus, works by

Lathem, Lieven van, 14, 24–27, 61, 125, 126, 128, 149n9

Beheading of John the Baptist, marginal figures on page with, 25, 26

The Martyrdom of Saint Andrew, 25, 27

Prayer Book of Charles the Bold, 14, 25, 26–27, 57, 57, 126

Saint Christopher, 126, 126

Saint John on Patmos, 111, 112

Trivulzio Hours, 112

Latini, Brunetto: Livre dou trésor, 17

Lemaire de Belges, Jean: Illustrations de Gaule et singularitez de Troye, 95, 152n23, 152n57

Leonardo da Vinci, 30–31, 48, 93, 128, 136

Fetus in the Womb, 73, 74

Paragone, 30

Storm over a Valley, 30

Letter of Prester John, 73

Livre de l’art de chasser aux oiseaux, 58

Livre des merveilles du monde, 21, 21

Louis XII, 15, 146n29

Lucretius, 63, 68, 77, 94, 140, 150n36, 151n41

Luther, Martin, 108, 120, 134

Maerlant, Jacob van

De naturen bloeme (thirteenth century), 58–59, 60

Rijmbibel (thirteenth century), 89

Mander, Carel van, 12

Mandeville, John (Jean de Mandeville), 21, 21

Travels, 73, 133

Mansel, Jean: Fleurs d’histoire, 35, 35

manuscript illuminations, 3–4, 14, 17, 17–19, 23–27, 24–27, 35, 37, 38–39, 47, 56, 56–57, 56–58, 60, 68, 89, 89, 92, 92, 111, 112, 112–13, 123, 123, 126–28, 126–27. See also specific master illutrators, collectors, and titles Margaret of Austria, 88, 112, 120, 123, 152n23, 153n23, 154n56

Margaret of York, 14, 112

Marijnissen, Roger H., 5

Marmion, Simon, 24

“Adam and Eve,” 89, 89

“The Beast Acheron,” 25

The Visions of Tondal, 112, 114, 119

The World after the Flood, 35

Mary of Burgundy, 23. See also Hours of Mary of Burgundy; Master of Mary of Burgundy

Master of 1482, 58

Master of Catherine of Cleves, 149n9

Master of Mary of Burgundy, 24, 46, 47, 92, 92, 111, 123, 125, 127

Master of the Housebook, 154n65

Children of the Planets, 125

Luna, 126

Master of the Playing Cards, 149n9, 154n67

Maximilian I (emperor), 14–16, 23, 72, 114, 120, 123

Meervenne, Aleid van de (Bosch’s wife), 14

Memling, Hans, 153n32

Christ with Music-Making and Singing Angels, 43, 43

Seven Joys of the Virgin, 147n60

mendicant orders, 119, 120, 154n42

Miró, Joan: Birth of the World, 48, 49, 149n53

Morey, James, 89

mountains and volcanos, 54, 54–55, 72, 82, 132

Moxey, Keith, 5

Münzer, Hieronymus, 149n6

music, 12, 28, 117, 132, 146n24, 155n85, 155n90

musical confraternities, 3, 4, 14, 117, 132

Nebuchadnezzar’s dream, 117, 153n25

New World discoveries. See explorers’ discoveries

Nicholas of Cusa, 134

Noah, 63, 102

Nuremberg Chronicle. See Schedel, Hartman

Olmutz, Wenzel von: Roma caput mundi, 114

Ortus sanitatis (Mainz 1491), 59, 60

Os, Pieter van, 14

Ovid, 36, 63, 94, 140, 152n38

Metamorphoses, 5, 108, 150n36

Ovide moralisé, 9

owls, 62, 65, 66, 73, 133, 150n30

Pané, Ramón, 5

papacy and antipapal sentiment, 113–17, 119–20, 153n17, 153n23, 153n25

Park, Katharine, 21

Peter of Abano, 155n105

Phébus, Gaston, 150n24

Philip of Macedonia, 21

Philippe de Cleves, 145n8 (Ch. 1)

Philip the Fair (duke of Burgundy; also prince, and later king, of Castile), 14–16, 22–23, 75, 102, 114, 123, 126, 146n29, 147n51, 149n10, 154n52

Philip the Good (duke of Burgundy), 22, 34, 153n33

pineapple, 75, 151n60

Placides et Timéo, 17, 20

Platina, Bartolommeo, 113–14

Plato, 36, 94, 95, 140, 152n37

Pliny, 17, 29–30, 68, 149n11

Polo, Marco, 21, 73

Prayer Book of Charles the Bold, 14, 25, 26–27, 125–26, 147n63, 150n24

Pucelle, Jean: “December,” 119

Rabelais, François, 152n23

Pantagruel, 95

Raymond of Sabunde, 134

Renaissance artists comparing themselves to the divine Creator, 136

rivers, waters, and seas, 37, 44–46, 57, 58, 62, 72, 77, 79, 126, 128, 150n33, 151n67, 153n37

Roman d’Alexandre, 34, 133, 155n95

Roman de la rose, 17, 17, 95, 108, 120, 120

Abstinence Contrainte and Faux Semblant (c. 1490–1500), 120 See also Jean de Meun

Rudimentum novitiorum (Fr. translation Mer des hystoires), 37, 63

Savery, Roelant, 75, 77

Savonarola, 114

Schedel, Hartman: Liber chronicarum (Nuremberg Chronicle), 17, 37–40, 43, 44, 47, 55, 55, 62, 72, 151nn67–68

Schongauer, Martin, 126

Rest on the Flight into Egypt, 149n6

scriptural references

Genesis 1, 4, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 95

Genesis 2, 44, 52, 55, 62, 88

Genesis 3, 45, 132

Genesis 4, 94

Genesis 6, 5, 9, 86

Genesis 9, 43, 102

Psalm 32, 43, 44, 45, 145n1 (Ch. 1)

Psalm 148, 43

Ecclesiasticus 18, 4, 36

Isaiah 51, 82, 151n74

Ezekiel 28, 150n15

Daniel 2, 117

Matthew 23 and 24., 154n42 1

Corinthians 13, 43, 155n106 2

Peter 3, 43, 48, 82, 86

Apocalypse 9, 77, 81

Apocalypse 16, 77, 153n7

Apocalypse 18, 110, 119, 120

Apocalypse 21, 83

sea knight (zitiron), 56, 60, 66, 67, 81, 82, 135

seas. See rivers, waters, and seas

Sebastian, Saint, 117, 153n34

Second Canvas Museo del Prado, 3, 89n51, 154n63

Seneca, 151n44

serpent, 55, 62, 82, 132

sexual activity and appetites, 99–101, 110, 119, 133, 152n28, 153n35, 155n105

Sigüenza, Fra José de, 133, 150n29, 153n2

Silva Maroto, Pilar, 146n39

Silver, Larry, 5

Sint Jans, Geertgen tot

Christ as the Man of Sorrows, 136, 136

Glorification of the Virgin, 116, 117

Slatkes, Leonard, 147n76

slave trade, 102–3, 152n49

Snow, Edward, 141–43, 145n5 (Introduction)

sodomy, 99–100, 119, 133

Spierinc, Nicolas, 27, 27, 155n80

Stoic philosophy, 129

Sydrac le philosophe, 17, 20, 150n27, 152nn47–48

Taino myths, 151n53

tapestry, 22, 34, 35, 147n57, 148n10, 149n10

Tavernier, Jean le: “Hell” in Gérard de Vliederhoven, Traité des quatre dernières choses, 25

thorns, 45, 65, 82, 132

Tinctoris, Johannes, 146n24

Tizio, Sigismondo: Historia senensis, 56

Traeger, Jörg, 115

Treeman

drawing (Albertina, Vienna), 123–30, 124, 127

in Garden of Earthly Delights, 79, 80, 81, 82, 108, 111, 129–36, 133

Très riches heures du duc de Berry, 152n25

Trivulzio Hours, 112

Vandenbroeck, Paul, 5, 23, 145n15, 147n57

van Eyck, Jan, 44, 108, 139

GHENT ALTARPIECE, 8–13, 9, 46, 83, 90

Adam, 89

Adoration of the Lamb, 12, 90, 91, 145n2 (Ch. 1)

Saint John the Evangelist, 46

van Goyen, Jan, 48

van Hoogstraten, Samuel, 48

Verard, Antoine, 153n23

Vespucci, Amerigo, 74–75

Mundus novus, 74

Visions of Tondal (Marmion), 112, 114, 119

Vives, Juan Luis, 155n101, 155n103

volcanos and eruptions. See mountains and volcanos

Voustre Demeure Hours, 46, 47

Waldseemüller, Martin, 35

Warburg, Aby, 34

warfare, 120, 123, 134–35, 151n67, 154n52

Warner, Marina, 5, 145n11 (Introduction)

Wauquelin, Jean: Les faicts et les conquestes d’Alexandre le Grand, 22

Wegman, Rob C., 146n24

William of Orange (prince), 141

Wirth, Jean, 5

witchcraft, 154n41, 154n48

Wolgemut, Michael, 48, 149n6

“Garden of Eden,” 55

“God Enthroned, Creating Heaven and Earth,” 40

Wollheim, Richard, 131

wonders, 4, 12–13, 52, 101, 146n15

Zurara (or Azurara), Gomes Eanes de, 103

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