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List of illustrations

  • Coffin (Sarcophagus)
  • Portrait of Emperor Marcus Aurelius
  • Portrait Head of a Woman, Probably the Empress Faustina Minor
  • Head of a Boy
  • Statue of a Seated Cybele with the Portrait Head of her Priestess
  • Portrait of a Matron in the Guise of Venus
  • Grand Camée de France
  • Sarcophagus of an Imperial Official and his Wife
  • Column of Trajan, Scene 86: Trajan Sacrifices to the Gods on His Way to Dacia
  • Tombstone in the Form of a Double Door
  • Porticus of Livia, plan
  • Porticus of Eumachia, plan
  • House of Livia, Palatine, Wall Painting
  • Ara Pacis Augustae, Inner Precinct Wall with Garlands
  • House of Livia, Prima Porta, Wall Painting, Garden Room
  • Wall paintings on black background from the imperial villa of Boscotrecase, detail of portrait roundel
  • Wall paintings on black background from the imperial villa of Boscotrecase, detail of portrait roundel
  • Sestertius of Antony and Octavia with Quadriga of Hippocamps, obverse
  • Sestertius of Antony and Octavia with Quadriga of Hippocamps, reverse
  • Portrait of Livia
  • Portrait of a young girl
  • Ara Pacis Augustae, South Frieze, Livia, Octavia, and Other Members of the Imperial Family
  • Funerary Monument for Sextus Maelius Stabilio, Vesinia Iucunda, and Sextus Maelius Faustus
  • Funerary Relief
  • Funerary Relief
  • Marble Portrait of Marciana, sister of the Emperor Trajan
  • Portrait of Matidia
  • Portrait of Sabina
  • Portrait of Faustina the Elder
  • Portrait of Faustina the Younger
  • Portrait of Faustina the Younger
  • Portrait of Lucilla
  • Portrait of Commodus as Crown Prince
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (Matidia the Younger?)
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (Domitia Paulina?)
  • Portrait of Hadrian
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (Domitia Lucilla?)
  • Portrait of Marcus Aurelius
  • Portrait of Lucius Verus
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (Cornificia?)
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (a Sister of Lucius Verus?)
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (a Daughter of Faustina the Younger?)
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman (a Daughter of Faustina the Younger?)
  • Roman Woman
  • Portrait of an Unknown Woman
  • Portrait of Livia
  • Head of Caesar Augustus
  • Portrait of a Young Roman Nobleman
  • Emperor Tiberius
  • Sestertius of Antony and Octavia with Quadriga of Hippocamps, obverse
  • Sestertius of Antony and Octavia with Quadriga of Hippocamps, reverse
  • Denarius of Augustus with Portraits of Julia, Gaius Caesar, and Lucius Caesar, obverse
  • Denarius of Augustus with Portraits of Julia, Gaius Caesar, and Lucius Caesar, reverse
  • As of Tiberius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, obverse
  • As of Tiberius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, reverse
  • Bronze Dupondius of Tiberius, obverse
  • Bronze Dupondius of Tiberius, reverse
  • Dupondius of Tiberius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, obverse
  • Dupondius of Tiberius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, reverse
  • Dupondius from Rome, obverse
  • Dupondius from Rome, reverse
  • Bust of Antonia the Younger
  • Portrait of Caligula
  • Portrait of Agrippina the Younger
  • Portrait Head of Agrippina the Younger
  • Statue of the Young Nero Wearing a Toga
  • Sestertius of Agrippina the Elder with Funerary Carpentum, obverse
  • Sestertius of Agrippina the Elder with Funerary Carpentum, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Gaius/Caligula, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Gaius/Caligula, reverse
  • Aureus of Claudius with Portraits of Claudius and Agrippina the Younger, obverse
  • Aureus of Claudius with Portraits of Claudius and Agrippina the Younger, reverse
  • Gold Coin of Nero, obverse
  • Gold Coin of Nero, reverse
  • Gold Aureus of Nero, obverse
  • Gold Aureus of Nero, reverse
  • Marciana (?)
  • Portrait of Hadrian
  • Bust of a Woman
  • Gold Aureus of Hadrian, obverse
  • Gold Aureus of Hadrian, reverse
  • Portrait Head of Emperor Antoninus Pius
  • Portrait Head of a Woman, Probably the Empress Faustina Minor
  • Portrait of Emperor Marcus Aurelius
  • Head of Venus
  • Portrait of Lucius Verus
  • Portrait of Avidia Plautia (mother of Lucius Verus)
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, reverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, obverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, reverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, obverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, reverse
  • Aureus of Faustina II, Empress consort of Marcus Aurelius from Rome , obverse
  • Aureus of Faustina II, Empress consort of Marcus Aurelius from Rome, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Antoninus Pius, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, reverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, obverse
  • Dupondius of Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome from Rome, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, reverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, obverse
  • Bronze Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, reverse
  • Bronze Medallion of Lucilla, obverse
  • Bronze Medallion of Lucilla, reverse
  • Bust of Empress Julia Domna
  • Bust of Emperor Septimius Severus
  • Portrait of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla)
  • Caracalla
  • Portrait Head of Plautilla
  • Gold Aureus of Septimius Severus, obverse
  • Gold Aureus of Septimius Severus, reverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, obverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, reverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, obverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, reverse
  • Denarius of Julia Domna Augusta from Roman Empire, obverse
  • Denarius of Julia Domna Augusta from Roman Empire, reverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, Caracalla, obverse
  • Silver Denarius of Septimius Severus, Caracalla, reverse
  • Denarius of Septimius Severus, Emperor of Rome; Caracalla, Roman Emperor from Rome, obverse
  • Denarius of Septimius Severus, Emperor of Rome; Caracalla, Roman Emperor from Rome, reverse
  • Seated Dancer
  • Fragmentary bowl with cupid on a column between couples making love
  • Relief of a Potter and His Wife
  • Vaginal Speculum
  • Scalpel handle
  • Wool Textile Fragments with Colored Pattern
  • Loom Weight; Spindle and Spindle Whorl
  • Textile, gold thread
  • Sub-lease Agreement
  • Deed of Sale
  • Statue of a Seated Cybele with the Portrait Head of her Priestess
  • Relief Fragment with Head of a Woman
  • Bust of Isis
  • Lar
  • Hexagonal Flask with Jewish Symbols
  • Jug with Christian Symbols
  • Fragment of Flask (ampulla) showing Thecla and Menas
  • House of the Silver Wedding, Atrium, Pompeii
  • Dionysus and Ariadne in Procession, Wall Painting from the Tablinum of the House of Lucretius Fronto
  • Grave Stela
  • Villa of Settefinestre, Pompeii
  • House of the Labyrinth, Pompeii
  • House of the Prince of Naples, Pompeii
  • Punishment of Dirce, Wall Painting from the House of the Vettii
  • Woman Having Hair Dressed, Wall Painting, Villa of the Mysteries
  • Portrait of a Roman Matron
  • Tombstone of Aurelia Philematium
  • Portrait of Livia
  • Portrait of a Husband and Wife, Wall Painting from Pompeii
  • Funerary Monument for Sextus Maelius Stabilio, Vesinia Iucunda, and Sextus Maelius Faustus
  • Biographical Sarcophagus, right side
  • Fragmentary bowl with cupid on a column between couples making love
  • Banqueting Scene, Wall Painting from Pompeii
  • Funerary Inscription
  • Figure of a Woman
  • Portrait of a Man
  • Portrait Head of a Young Woman
  • Portrait of a girl
  • Bust of a girl
  • Head of a child
  • Head of a Boy
  • Portrait bust of a boy
  • Roman Matron
  • Head of a Mastiff with Studded Collar
  • Child's Finger Ring
  • Bone Dolls and Detached Arms
  • Doll
  • Model of a biga
  • Money box
  • Bee-hive Savings Bank
  • Gold Glass Medallion with a Mother and Child
  • Table
  • Fulcrum from a couch with Dionysus' head and head of a dog
  • Engagement Ring
  • Wedding Ring
  • Necklace with Gold Marriage Medallion and Hematite Amulet
  • Marriage Contract
  • Loan Agreement
  • Divorce Agreement
  • Incantation Bowl
  • Stylus and one panel of a writing tablet (Tabula)
  • Fragment of a Waxed Tabula and Modern Reconstruction of the Original
  • Inkstand, lid
  • Inkstand
  • A Poetical Translation of the Elegies of Tibullus; and of the Poems of Sulpicia, by James Grainger, M.D. (vol. 2)
  • Ring
  • Spindle and Spindle Whorl
  • Textile (Needle book)
  • Wool Fragment with Bands of Color
  • Knit Textile Fragment
  • Wool Fragment with Colorful Pattern
  • Silk Fragment with Pattern
  • Wool Rug Fragment with Pile
  • Hexagonal Bottle with Stopper
  • Head-Vase of Dionysos or Attis
  • Comb
  • Hair Pin
  • Pin with hand as finial
  • Mirror and Cover
  • Balsamarium (Double Cosmetic Tube)
  • Bronze spoon
  • Bronze spoon
  • Cosmetic Pyxis
  • Pyxis with Geometric and Plant Motifs
  • Wig from a Portrait of a Roman Lady
  • Portrait of a young girl
  • Portrait of a Woman
  • Portrait Bust of the Empress Claudia Octavia
  • Funerary Portrait of a Woman
  • Portrait of a Woman
  • Marble Portrait of a Young Woman
  • Head of a girl, possibly an acolyte to a priestess
  • Portrait Head of a Young Woman
  • Severan Female Portrait
  • Portrait of a Woman
  • Pair of ball-shaped earrings
  • Pearl Earrings
  • Ring with Image of Fortuna
  • Ring with the Portrait of a Woman (Faustina the Younger?)
  • Ring with the Portrait of a Woman
  • Gold Mesh Bracelet
  • Jet and Gold Bracelet
  • Necklace
  • Gold Necklace
  • Necklace
  • Necklace of Coins Bearing Imperial Portraits
  • Portrait of Claudia Semne
  • Cameo with Livia Holding a Bust of Augustus (?)
  • Portrait of Livia as Ceres
  • Portrait of Marcia Furnilla as Venus
  • Bronze Medallion with Portrait of Julia Domna as Abundance, obverse
  • Relief from the Arch of Portugal: apotheosis of Sabina
  • Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina
  • Funerary Relief of Ulpia Epigone
  • Funerary Altar
  • Sarcophagus with the Myth of Alcestis
  • Kline Monument with a Reclining Girl
  • Mummy Portrait of a Young Woman
  • Funeral Wreath
  • Portrait of a Roman Matron
  • Portrait of a Boy
  • Portrait of a Girl
  • Portrait Bust of a Girl
  • Marble Funerary Altar of Cominia Tyche
  • Funerary Monument for Sextus Maelius Stabilio, Vesinia Iucunda, and Sextus Maelius Faustus
  • Tomb Relief of Petronia Hedone and Her Son, Lucius Petronius Philemon
  • Pediment of a Funerary Altar: Woman and Two Sons
  • Marble cinerary urn with lid
  • Cinerary Urn
  • Cinerary Box with Cover
  • Cinerary Urn of Nicanor
  • Cinerarium (ash urn)
  • Columbarium Inscription, obverse
  • Columbarium Inscription, reverse
  • Funerary Inscription
  • Opistograph with two Epitaphs, obverse
  • Opistograph with two Epitaphs, reverse
  • Candelabrum
  • Biographical Sarcophagus, left side
  • Biographical Sarcophagus, right side
  • Biographical Sarcophagus
  • Marble sarcophagus fragment: marriage scene
  • Season Sarcophagus with a Portrait of a Woman
  • Marble sarcophagus fragment
  • Sarcophagus Fragment with Bacchic Thiasus
  • Grave Stele for Helena
  • Funerary Inscription
  • Funerary Inscription
  • Funerary Inscription
  • Augustus and the Julio-Claudian Dynasty
  • Trajan, Hadrian, and the Antonine Dynasty
  • The Severan Dynasty
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Contents
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PublisherYale University Art Gallery
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Lenders to the Exhibition
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
It is with a special sense of pride and the greatest enthusiasm that the Yale University Art Gallery presents I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome. This major’loan exhibition, the Gallery’s first in this field, brings some of the most important works of Roman art in North America together for the first time. As we see these magnificent images of...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Free
Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
From its inception, I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome has been a magical collaboration. It came from our dream to mount an exhibition on Roman women that would be visually exciting, contextually rich, and seminal to our understanding of the major impact Roman women had on their world and on western civilization. Inspired by our joint effort to augment...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Entry Contributors
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome focuses on Roman women, their multifaceted lives, and their significant contribution to Roman society and western civilization. It explores the public and private lives of these women as revealed through the visual culture of Roman art. While historians have examined surviving written sources for the evidence of Roman...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.11-13

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
I, Claudia brings together the material traces of Roman women. In works of art depicting women, objects of everyday use connected with women, and reconstructions of the spaces through which women passed, we have the chance to understand something about who Roman women were and what their lives were like...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.14-25

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Part One
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
By contemporary standards, Roman women were not liberated; they could not vote or hold public office. Nonetheless, unlike their earlier Greek counterparts, they played an active role in public and private life. Roman women could own property, inherit estates, and run family businesses. They were largely responsible for the education of their children, both male and female, who sometimes rose to...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.28-41

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Part Two
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Because the written texts of the past come down to us as a chorus of male voices, we turn with the greater expectation to the evidence of material culture to redress the gender balance...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.104-115

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
The length, detail, and careful style of the inscription suggest relative wealth and social status, but the woman’s father and husband are not identified...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.116-125

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Roman male pronouncements about females are marked by an all too familiar mixture of bluster, prejudice, and inconsistency. Of course, Romans did...
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.126-138

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Part Three
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Sometime during the first half of the second century, during the principate of the emperor Trajan or his successor Hadrian, a woman named Claudia Semne died....
PublisherYale University Art Gallery
Related print edition pages: pp.182-193

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Catalogue, Section Three
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Related print edition pages: pp.195-213

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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Glossary
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Suggestions for Further Reading
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Abbreviations
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Selected Bibliography
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Description: I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
Photographic Credits
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I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome
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