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Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
BOOKA Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Mark Laird
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32106
Inspired by the pioneering naturalist Gilbert White (1720–1793), who viewed natural history as the common study of cultural and natural communities, Mark Laird unearths forgotten historical data to reveal the complex visual cultures of early modern gardening. Ranging from climate studies to the study of a butterfly’s life cycle, this original and fascinating book examines the scientific quest for order in nature as an offshoot of ordering the garden and field. Laird follows a broad series of chronological events—from the Little Ice Age winter of 1683 to the drought summer of the volcanic 1783—to probe the nature of gardening and husbandry, the role of amateurs in scientific disciplines, and the contribution of women as gardener-naturalists. Illustrated by a stunning wealth of visual and literary materials—paintings, engravings, poetry, essays, and letters, as well as prosaic household accounts and nursery bills—Laird fundamentally transforms our understanding of the English landscape garden as a powerful cultural expression.

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Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Print publication date May 2015 (out of print)
Print ISBN 9780300196368
EISBN 9780300279078
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Illustrations 395
Print Status out of print
Publisher (out of print)
WorldCat
Google Books

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List of illustrations

  • Sketch no. 22, Azalea nudiflora (Rhododendron nudiflorum syn R. periclymenoides), detail
  • The Aurelian; or, Natural History of English Insects, pl. XX
  • Conjectural reconstruction as bird's-eye view of the oval parterre, Sayes Court
  • Portrait of Gilbert White
  • Portrait of Gilbert White
  • The African Land-Tortoise
  • South View of Selborne Church
  • Locusta Germanica (Gryllus campestris)
  • The Plan of Painshill
  • Blue Fly
  • Eye of a Fly
  • A View of Selborne from the Inside of the New Hermitage
  • Portrait of a Gentleman Netting Partridges
  • Two Gentlemen Shooting
  • The Graham Children, detail
  • A Numerical Register of all His Majesty's Houses between St. James's Street & Green Park, etc., 10 April 1769, detail
  • Trade card of James Scott at Turnham Green
  • Augusta, Princess of Wales (1719–1772)
  • Lady Reading in a Wooded Park, detail
  • Frontispiece from Dissertatio de generatione et metamorphosibus insectorum Surinamensium
  • A Painting of Butterflies
  • Helleborus fœtidus
  • The Thames during the Great Frost of 1739
  • A Park Shower; or, The Beau Mond in Distress
  • A Real Scene in St Pauls Church Yard on a Windy Day
  • Conjectural reconstruction as a bird's-eye view of the grove at Sayes Court, Deptford, based on the plan of circa 1653
  • John Evelyn
  • Plan of Sayes Court house and garden, detail
  • John Evelyn's diary entry for 3 June 1658, detail
  • Travels: Whale in the Thames, June 1658
  • A Map of Deptford, extract
  • View of the Dock Yard at Deptford taken from the opposite Side of the Thames
  • Greenwich from One Tree Hill, detail
  • Gems, stones and amulets
  • Anatomical details of the common or crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata)
  • Frontispiece to Frederik Ruysch, Thesaurus anatomicus primus
  • A Frost Fair on the Thames at Temple Stairs, detail
  • A Frost Fair on the Thames at Temple Stairs, detail
  • A Frost Fair on the Thames at Temple Stairs, detail
  • Study of a dead yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)
  • Plan of the county of Essex, detail
  • A hygroscope to detect the degrees of wett & dry, or any change of Weather
  • How to contrive a Thermoscope or Weather-Glass for a Garden
  • Plan of the southern part of the garden at Sayes Court
  • Part of the plan of the manor of Sayes Court
  • Portrait of John Evelyn: Holding my Sylva in my right hand
  • Garden tools and implements (nos. 1–35)
  • Garden tools and implements (nos. 36–70)
  • Marginal illustration of a shover
  • Garden tools and implements, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 114, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 62, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 140, detail
  • Detail showing illustration of a microscopic view of a fly’s eye
  • Illustrations in the Elysium Britannicum
  • Illustrations in the Elysium Britannicum
  • Purple crocuses, cloth of gold crocus, liverwort (double form), poppy anemones and jay
  • Seed trough
  • Florilegium, fol. 2, detail
  • Den Nederlandsten Hovenier
  • Hortus Botanicus in Amsterdam, detail
  • Veues de Gunterstein, detail showing the orangery garden and its hothouse
  • A survey of Hampton Court: a new Glass Case, completed in May 1701 (top) and the new Greenhouse or orangery, built to designs of William Talman in August 1701 (bottom)
  • Illustration of John Evelyn's design for a greenhouse with external furnace
  • Florilegium, fol. 47, detail
  • Velvet rose, unidentified rose, flaxleaf pimpernel, damask rose, water forget-me-not, and Austrian copper rose
  • Florilegium, fol. 136, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 90, detail
  • Reconstruction as elevaton of one part of the duchess of Beaufort's Badminton conservatory
  • Mary, Marchioness of Worcester and Later Duchess of Beaufort
  • Ramonda myconi, detail of 51:2
  • Pressed specimen of Ramonda myconi
  • John Evelyn's family home at Wotton, Surrey
  • Bird's-eye view of Badminton, Gloucestershire, from the north
  • Bird's-eye view of Badminton, Gloucestershire, from the east
  • Bird's-eye view of Badminton, Gloucestershire, from the north
  • Badminton The Duke of Beauford his House: the estate plan, detail
  • Badminton The Duke of Beauford his House: the estate plan, detail
  • A drawing, probably in the duchess of Beaufort's hand
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton The Duke of Beauford his House: the estate plan, detail
  • The Capel Family, detail
  • Bird's-eye view of Beaufort House, Chelsea
  • Badminton florilegium, detail of Primula auricula, possibly cv. Duchess of Beaufort
  • Badminton florilegium, detail of Primula × polyantha
  • Corolla of Duchess of Beaufort auricula
  • Snowdrop, Mezereon, Hyacinth, Margined Box, Spring Snowflake, Spring Squill and Purple Crocuses
  • Auriculas (Primula x pubescens)
  • Florilegium, fol. 25, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 122
  • Magnolia virginiana
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • William Sherard
  • Bulbine frutescens
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Specimen of Gomphocarpus fruticosus
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 132
  • Fol. 40 of forty watercolors of English natives
  • Salvia pratensis, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton from the North, Great Garden and Conservatory, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Strip'd Sedum (now Aeonium arboreum)
  • Badminton from the South, detail
  • Badminton from the South, detail
  • Badminton from the North, detail
  • A View Towards the North Front of Badminton House, Gloucestershire
  • Flowers in a Delft Jar
  • Twelve New Designs of English Butterflies, dedication page
  • Citron with a Moth and a Harlequin Beetle
  • Lantern slide of the brown hairstreak (Thecla betulae)
  • Hortus siccus, vol. XII, fol. 10
  • A New and Complete Natural History of English Moths and Butterflies, pl. 5
  • Branch of Guava tree with Army Ants, Pink-Toe Tarantulas, Huntsman Spiders, and Ruby-Topaz Hummingbird, detail
  • A Map of Great and Little Badminton in the County of Gloucestershire, detail
  • A Natural History of English Insects, pl. 55
  • Badminton florilegium, detail showing the puss moth larva or mange saule (Cerura vinula) on its willow food plant
  • A Natural History of English Insects, pl. 11
  • Florilegium, fol. 142, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 102, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail
  • Badminton florilegium, detail showing Ipomoea coccinea among other staked Convolvulus
  • Badminton florilegium, detail illustrating Pelargonium peltatum
  • Badminton florilegium, detail illustrating another Pelargonium species
  • Reconstruction as elevaton of Batty Langley's account Manner of Disposing and Planting Flowering Shrubs in New Principals of Gardening (1728)
  • Campsis radicans, the trumpet flower
  • Bison Americanus and Pseudo Acacia
  • Tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor) and mountain azalea (Rhododendron canescens)
  • Head of American Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) and bent sea-rod (Plexaura flexuosa)
  • Map of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands
  • Amorpha fruticosa (bastard indigo) and Cistus ladanifer (gum cistus)
  • Frontispiece from Robert Furber, Twelve Months of Flowers
  • Tropaeolum majus (Acriviola maxima..., double nasturitum)
  • Tropaeolum majus (double nasturitum) with Spanish Tree Germander and Dwarf Colutea
  • A Natural History of English Insects, pl. 88
  • Historia plantarum rariorum
  • Callistephus chinensis (Aster Chenopodii folio...)
  • Passiflora serratifolia or passion-flower (Granadilla Americana...)
  • Phlox carolina (Lychnidea Caroliniana...)
  • Catalpha bignonioides (The Catalpa Tree) and Icterus spurius or orchard oriole (The Bastard Baltimore)
  • Sir Charles Wager
  • Pelargonium inquinans (Geranium Africanum...)
  • The Aurelian; or, Natural History of English Insects, pl. XXIX, including Colias croceus (Clouded Yellow, m, n, and o)
  • Magnolia grandiflora, sketch no. 147
  • Magnolia grandiflora
  • A Catalogue of American Trees and Shrubs That Will Endure the Climate of England
  • Coreopsis lanceolata (Bidens Caroliniana...)
  • The Thames during the Great Frost of 1739, detail
  • Hortus europae-americanus, figures 47, 48, 49 and 50
  • Kalmia angustifolia and Rhododendron maximum
  • Collinsonia (Collinsonia canadensis), detail
  • Umbrella Tree (Magnolia tripetala), sketch no. 140
  • Umbrella Tree (Magnolia tripetala), sketch no. 141
  • Magnolia tripetala, sketch no. 145
  • Deciduous Magnolia (Magnolia acuminata), sketch no. 146
  • White spruce fir and black spruce fir, detail
  • Tree frog (Hyla cinerea cinerea) and skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus)
  • January, detail
  • September, detail
  • Reconstruction as perspective elevation of Horace Walpole's shrubbery at Strawberry Hill
  • Portrait of Coplestone Warre Bampfylde as Colonel of the Somerset Militia
  • Georg Dionysius Ehret
  • Characteres Plantarum rariorum
  • Prospect of Pan's Lodge, Panswyke (Painswick House), Gloucestershire
  • Johann Jacob Dillenius, First Sherardian Professor of Botany in Oxford
  • Rare Fruits and Seeds Collected and Drawn by G. D. Ehret, 1748, fol. 4
  • The Great Brown Locust
  • The Great Brown Locust
  • Wildflowers, a Butterfly and a Fly, detail
  • Prospect of Buenos Aires the seat of Benjamin Hyett Esq. near Panswyke (Painswick House), Gloucestershire
  • Prospect of Marybone Park, Gloucestershire, from the South West
  • Prospect of Panswyke from Pan's Lodge, Gloucestershire
  • Book of Hours (the Warburg Hours), detail of border
  • Book of Hours (the Warburg Hours), detail of border
  • Vase of Wild Flowers on a Ledge, detail
  • Temple Flower Garden of Richard Bateman's Grove House, Old Windsor, Berkshire
  • South Front of Strawberry Hill, detail
  • The Beggar's Hut in the Gardens of Delville, Dublin
  • Carolina Brown Squirrel with Birds, Butterflies and Flowers
  • Plantae et papiliones rariores, Tab. VII
  • Leonurus Canadensis..., detail
  • Ludwigia...Linn Hort. Cliff, detail
  • Aster Carolinianus..., detail
  • Lobelia (Cardinalis)..., detail
  • Arctotis..., detail
  • Martynia perennis Lin.
  • Plantae et papiliones rariores, Tab. IX
  • Deliciae botanicae, frogbit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae)
  • Glass rod for Benjamin Franklin’s electrical experiments
  • A View of Grosvenor Square, London
  • Self-Portrait
  • A Cabbage-Leaf Filled with Field-Flowers
  • Lathyrus nissolia, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Linum perenne, Lysimackia nemorum
  • A spray of Lathyrus nissolia, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Linum perenne, Lysimachia nemorum, Adonis annua and a small tortoiseshell butterfly
  • Corn Marigold and Butterfly
  • Butomus umbellatus
  • Plantae et papiliones rariores, Tab. XIII
  • Euonymus (Celastraceae) and Rose Hips (Rosa canina)
  • Sagittaria, or Arrowhead Bush and Sparganium or Burr Reed
  • Ragged Robin?, Red Campion? and a Campion? (Silene?)
  • A Bunch of Ornamental Flowers Tied with a Ribbon, Surrounded by Moths and Butterflies
  • Cornucopia
  • Study of trumpet honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens), carnation King of Prussia (Dianthus caryophyllus), black false hellebore (Veratrum nigrum)
  • View from the South West of Croome Court, Worcestershire, Seen Across the Lake
  • Sir Lawrence Dundas in a Sulky with Companions at Moor Park, Hertfordshire
  • August
  • David Garrick and his wife Eva Maria Garrick (née Veigel) by his Temple to Shakespeare at Hampton
  • Drawing for Gilbert White’s Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
  • Unpublished drawing of Hay Meadow for Gilbert White’s Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
  • St John's College and Gardens
  • St. John's College garden, detail
  • Portrait of Mary Bampfylde, Hestercombe
  • Pheasant, Lapwing, and Yellow Ham Still Life
  • The Cascade at Hestercombe
  • Sir John Shaw and his Family in the Park at Eltham Lodge, Kent
  • Prospect of Honington Hall, Warwickshire
  • Prospect of Honington Hall, Warwickshire, detail showing the Chinese Pavillion
  • Prospect of Honington Hall, Warwickshire, detail
  • Reconstruction as elevation of James Meader's diagram Disposition of Trees and Shrubs for an Evergreen Plantation in the Planter's Guide (1779)
  • The Moose
  • A Plan of Goodwood Park and Warren with the Adjacent Manors of Charlton and Singleton Belonging to His Grace the Duke of Richmond &c., detail
  • Pinus Americana (Pinus strobus), sketch 290
  • A View of the underside of the great Mud Tortoise from Pennsylvania
  • Summer Duck of Catesby
  • The Great White Owl
  • The Rattle Snake taken uppon the banks of the Gr Eg harber River
  • Racehorses Exercising at Goodwood, detail
  • Lion and Lioness
  • The 2nd Duke and Duchess of Richmond and Lennox, detail
  • Lady Emily Lennox in Masquerade Costume
  • A View of Fire-Works and Illuminations at his Grace the Duke of Richmond's at Whitehall, etc.
  • Gleanings of Natural History, pl. 223
  • Zebra
  • A Plan of the Gardens at Kew
  • View of Flower Garden and Aviary at Kew
  • A Plan of the Gardens at Kew, detail
  • Chaffinch, Cock, Hen, and Egg
  • A Natural History of Singing Birds, etc., pl. opposite page 153
  • Kew Gardens: The Pagoda and Bridge
  • Peacock Pheasant from China
  • Carthamus laevis
  • Spirea rubra
  • A View of the Pagoda, the Mosque, Alambra, & Ruins from the Temple of Victory [Kew]
  • Pheasant
  • A Repose after Shooting, detail
  • Augusta von Sachsen-Gotha, Princess Dowager of Wales
  • Scotch Paradice a View of the Bute-full Garden of Eden borough
  • The Graham Children, detail of a caged goldfinch
  • Bird of Paradise and Humming Birds
  • Racehorses Exercising at Goodwood, detail
  • Reconstruction of original flower combinations, based on the faded flowers on the back petticoat panel of the court dress designed by Mary Pendarves, 1740–41, silk embroidery on satin
  • Left half of the front petticoat panel, detail
  • Mary Pendarves (Delany)
  • Dr Patrick Delany
  • Georg Dionysius Ehret, detail
  • Margaret, Duchess of Portland
  • Syzgium suborbiculare (Eugenia suborbiculare)
  • Painted version of Sydney Parkinson's field sketch
  • The Great Bridge over Virginia Water
  • The Working Rough Map of the estate of Bulstrode, detail
  • Portland Museum, detail
  • Sketch no. 222
  • Sketch no. 220
  • Sketch no. 221
  • Sketch no. 224
  • Phallus Found at Bulstrode Nov. 12 1763 (Sketch 229/230)
  • Decorative second title page of vol. II of Icones fungorum circa Halifax sponte nascentis
  • The Working Rough Map of the estate of Bulstrode, detail
  • Bulstrode
  • The Working Rough Map of the estate of Bulstrode, detail
  • Fort St Davids Bull—drawn from the Life by MRS Delany at Bulstrode 1755
  • Grotto in the Park at Bulstrode
  • The Revd John Lightfoot
  • View of Portland Bill, Dorset
  • A Numerical Register of all His Majesty's Leasehold Houses...Between St. James's Street and Green Park, etc. 10 April 1769, detail
  • Otaheite dress
  • A Masquerade Scene at the Pantheon, detail
  • The Macaroni, a real character at the late masquerade, Pantheon Macaroni
  • Frances Boscawen
  • Map of routes from London to Luton Hoo
  • Twenty-Five Miles Round London, detail
  • Scarlet Geranium & Lobelia Cardinalis
  • Radbeckia laciniata with a yellow flower and 2 varieties of China Aster
  • The Natural History of Many Curious and Uncommon Zoophytes..., tab. 4
  • Fucus palmatus. P. 933, Pl. xxvii
  • Nigella Damascena
  • Cypripedium Purpureum
  • Meneanthes Trifoliata
  • Hottonia Palustris
  • Benjamin Stillingfleet
  • Saxifraga stolonifera
  • Eryngium alpinum
  • Magnolia grandiflora
  • A South East View of the Green Dale Oak near Welbeck
  • Quercus Robur
  • Galanthus nivalis
  • A selection of details of four studies: A: Aster Dumosus; B: Potentilla recta; C: Sigesbeckia occidentalis; D: Centaurea moschata
  • Two representations of the death's-head hawk-moth (Acherontia atropos) with caterpillar and brassy beetle
  • Twenty-Five Miles Round London
  • Gorteria rigens (Gazania rigens)
  • Portlandia grandiflora
  • Alcea Rosea
  • Geranium Inquinans, detail
  • Geranium and auricula, from the right half of the front petticoat panel, detail
  • St. James's Park, detail
  • Om Jordbranden paa Island i Aaret 1783, map of Laki lava flow
  • Orphris Spiralis
  • The meteor of Aug. 18th 1783, as it appeared...
  • The Balloon ascending from the Thuillieres at Paris with Messrs. Robert & Charles
  • British Balloon, and D***** Aerial Yacht
  • Mary Delany (née Granville)
  • Recueil de traité sur l'electricité, traduits de l'Allemand & de l'Anglois
  • A Balloon Prospect from Above the Clouds
  • The North Terrace, looking west
  • Portrait of Mrs Delany, born Granville
  • Swallow and Swift
  • The North Terrace, looking west, detail
  • Liriodendron Tulipifera, detail
  • Reconstruction as elevation of a planting plan for a Round Bed at Hartwell House, Buckinghamshire, 1799
  • Reconstruction as elevation of a planting plan for the large round old Middle Patch at Hartwell House, Buckinghamshire, 1799 (fol. 44r)
  • Digitalis purpurea, detail
  • Menyanthes trifoliata
  • Sloane's specimen of Cassis (Phalium) strigata with engraving
  • Sir Hans Sloane's collection of pearls with a vignette of the garden side of Montagu House
  • Bromley Hall Pattern Book, detail
  • One of 223 designs for printed textiles
  • Various types of shells
  • Checkered Mitre Mitra Tessellata rrr [ = very rare] Duchs Dowar of Portland
  • The Aurelian; or, Natural History of English Insects, pl. XI
  • Pelargonium peltatum
  • Calceolaria Fothergillii
  • Calceolaria Fothergilea
  • Phlox, detail
  • Phlox suaveolens
  • Phlox suaveolens
  • The Secretary
  • Egg of the oyster catcher (fig. 1), of the water rail (fig. 2), and of the land rail (Crex crex, fig. 3)
  • The Goldfinch
  • The bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula), detail
  • A History of British Birds: The Figures Engraved on Wood by T. Bewick, vol. I, p. 252
  • The black ouzel or blackbird (Turdus merula), detail
  • The Gardener
  • Plantae et papiliones rariores, tab. IV
  • Gardiners
  • Reapers
  • Gorgonian coral in the subclass Octocorallia
  • Interior of Leverian Museum: View as It Appeared in the 1780s
  • A Radish with Intertwined Growth, and a Carrot Also Intertwined
  • Sagina erecta
  • All Cloudy, no. 35 of cloud studies
  • Sketch study of Cumulo Stratus—cumulus and cirrostratus above a silhouette landscape
  • Rain hitting the ground, anvil is spread out
  • Study of Clouds
  • Pulmonaria Maritima
  • Florilegium, fol. 68, detail
  • Florilegium, fol. 68, detail
  • Snails, detail
  • The Long-Tailed Field Mouse
  • Corncake (Crex crex)
  • Topographical view of Dixton Manor, Gloucestershire, the manor belonging to James Higford, detail
  • Papaver Rhoeas, detail
  • Mowers and haymakers; studies of men and women mowing, drinking, making haycocks, etc.
  • The Graham Children
  • A Natural History of Uncommon Birds..., frontispiece
  • Front petticoat panel, detail
  • Seville orange, purple crocuses, grass snake and goat moth caterpillar, detail
  • Convolvulus arvensis
  • Convolvulus arvensis
  • Phallus impudicus
  • Saxifraga Oppositifolia
  • Saxifraga oppositifolia, detail
  • Parnassia palustris
  • Nymphæa alba
  • Blue and yellow macaws, southern hawker, wasp, unidentified bird, caterpillar and chrysalis of swallowtail butterfly, crayfish, greyhounds, cyclamen leaf, and oak eggar caterpillar
  • North East Selborne from the Short Lythe, detail
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Contents
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Contents
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32107
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Free
Acknowledgements
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Introduced to English gardens by Peter Collinson in 1734, this North American shrub, with its clusters of funnel-shaped, reddish to pale pink flowers, added a new fragrance to English gardens. Ehret, writing in German, distinguished young foliage (bright green insert) from the old...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32108
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Free
Note for the Reader
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
The scientific information contained in this plate is as important as the dedication to Lady Mary Bruce, wife of the 3rd duke of Richmond from 1757. She joined Baroness Ferrers (see pl. 306), Lady Spencer and the countess of Berkeley among Harris’s ‘encouragers’. Women comprised no less than a quarter of subscribers to Benjamin Wilkes’s English...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32109
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Introduction
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
The naturalist Gilbert White (1720–1793, pls 3a and b) wrote that compiling an index is as ‘entertaining’ as the ‘darning of stockings...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.3-25
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32110
Chapter subject tags:Gardens, English--HistoryWhite, Gilbert, 1720-1793Horticulture--Great Britain--HistoryArt and natural history--Great Britain--HistoryDelany, Mrs. (Mary), 1700-1788Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797Evelyn, John, 1620-1706Women naturalists--Great Britain--HistoryBotanical illustration--England--18th century

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1. Purity in the Parsley Bed: ​John Evelyn’s Battles with Instability in his Garden Elysium at Sayes Court​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
John Evelyn (1620–1706, pl. 25) is celebrated as a well-loved English diarist, as author of an influential work on trees, Sylva (1664, 1670, 1679 and 1706), and as a virtuoso with intimate connections to the Royal Society.The first three editions dated 1664, 1670 and 1679 were entitled Sylva; or, A Discourse on Forest-Trees, but by 1706 the publishers had adopted Silva instead. Sylva is used here in general discussions, but Silva in reference to the 1706 edition specifically. Yet his masterwork ‘Elysium Britannicum; or, The Royal Gardens in Three Books’, remaining in manuscript over a lifetime of revisions, waited until 2001 for...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.29-61
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32111
Chapter subject tags:Evelyn, John, 1620-1706Gardens, English--History--17th centuryNatural history--Great Britain--17th centuryGreat Britain--Climatic factors--HistoryGarden ecology--Great Britain--HistoryBotanical illustration--England--17th centuryConservatories--England

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2. Nursing ‘Pretty Monsters’: The Duchess of Beaufort’s Florilegium and Herbarium and the Art of Kickius​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
It has long been known that Mary Somerset (née Capel), duchess of Beaufort (1630–1715), was a pre-eminent collector and patron of horticultural science (pl. 60).For the best survey of the duchess and collecting, see Douglas Chambers, ‘ “Storys of Plants”: The Assembling of Mary Capel Somerset’s Botanical Collection at Badminton’, Journal of the History of Collections, IX/1 (1997), 49–60. An excellent account of the duchess’s legacy through her hortus siccus is given in J. E. Dandy, ed., The Sloane Herbarium (London: Natural History Museum, 1958), 209–15. In the Catalogus plantarum of 1730 she was singled out for her ‘Collection . . . of the tender Exotick Plants’ in ‘those famous Gardens of Badmington [sic...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.65-122
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32112
Chapter subject tags:Beaufort, Mary Somerset, Duchess of, 1630-1715Horticulture--Great Britain--History--17th centuryGardens, English--History--17th centuryGreat Britain--Climatic factors--HistoryBotanical illustration--England--18th centuryGreat Badminton (England)Conservatories--EnglandBotanical specimensArt and natural history--Great Britain--HistorySherard, William, 1659-1728Kickius, Everhardus

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3. Retaliating Favours and Taking Up Cudgels: Coffee House to Commerce in the Art of Mark Catesby and Jacobus van Huysum​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
What began in the physic gardens of the seventeenth century as an effort to re-create the Garden of Eden would shift by the end of the eighteenth to a colonial-cum-Edenic enterprise...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.127-165
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32113
Chapter subject tags:Catesby, Mark, 1683-1749Huysum, Jacob van, approximately 1687-approximately 1740Gardens, English--History--18th centuryArt and natural history--Great Britain--History--18th centuryMen--Societies and clubs--Great Britain--18th centuryBotanical illustration--England--18th centuryGreat Britain--Climatic factors--HistoryPublishers and publishing--Great Britain--History--18th centuryNaturalists--Great Britain--HistoryKnowlton, Thomas, 1691-1781Garden ecology--Great Britain--HistoryEhret, Georg Dionysius, 1708-1770

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4. Cornucopia: Georg Dionysius Ehret, Thomas Robins the Elder and the Paragon of Meadow and Grove​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
The shrubbery, with its ‘theatrical’ structure, was the fitting outcome of a shift from Edenic-scientific collecting in seventeenth-century physic gardens to decorative-scientific collecting...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.171-224
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32114
Chapter subject tags:Ehret, Georg Dionysius, 1708-1770Robins, Thomas, 1715?-1770Gardens, English--History--18th centuryWalpole, Horace, 1717-1797Bampfylde, Coplestone Warre, 1720-1791Art and natural history--Great Britain--History--18th centuryBotanical illustration--England--18th centuryGarden ecology--Great Britain--HistoryCoppice forestsDelany, Mrs. (Mary), 1700-1788Women artists--Great Britain--18th centuryGreat Britain--Climatic factors--History

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5. ‘Fair Play for their Lives’: The 2nd Duke of Richmond’s Menagerie at Goodwood and Princess Augusta’s Aviary at Kew​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Since the publication of The Flowering of the Landscape Garden in 1999, it has become commonplace to view the pleasure ground of the English landscape garden as a collecting ground...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.231-263
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32115
Chapter subject tags:Richmond, Charles Lennox, Duke of, 1701-1750Augusta, Princess of Wales, 1719-1772Gardens, English--History--18th centuryRoyal Gardens, KewHunter, William, 1718-1783White, Gilbert, 1720-1793Chambers, William, Sir, 1723-1796Botanical illustration--England--18th centuryBotanical specimensGreat Britain--Climatic factors--HistoryCatesby, Mark, 1683-1749Art and natural history--Great Britain--History--18th centuryAviaries--History--18th centuryBartram, John, 1699-1777

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6. Virtù: The Natural Pleasures of Mary Delany at the Duchess of Portland’s Bulstrode​
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Edmund Burke called Mrs Delany (née Mary Granville, 1700–1788) ‘the highest bred woman in the world, and the woman of fashion of all ages’.Quoted in Ruth Hayden, Mrs Delany and her Flower Collages, 2nd edn (London: British Museum Press, 1992), 129, citing what Dr Johnson heard Edmund Burke say. See also Lady Llanover, ed., The Autobiography and Correspondence of Mary Granville, Mrs Delany, 6 vols (London: Bentley, 1861–2), V, 12. Already recognized in her own times, she continued to attract admirers after Lady Llanover brought out a complete ‘autobiography and correspondence’ in the...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.267-325
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32116
Chapter subject tags:Delany, Mrs. (Mary), 1700-1788Gardens, English--History--18th centuryWomen artists--Great Britain--18th centuryBotanical illustration--England--18th centuryArt and natural history--Great Britain--History--18th centuryBulstrode (England)Banks, Joseph, 1743-1820Ehret, Georg Dionysius, 1708-1770Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809

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7. Aftermath: Natural History and Gardening Just Before and Well Beyond 1800
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
This book spans the period covered by two very different histories of English garden design...
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Related print edition pages: pp.329-385
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32117
Chapter subject tags:Gardens, English--HistoryEvelyn, John, 1620-1706Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797Art and natural history--Great Britain--History--18th centuryBotanical illustration--England--18th centuryBeaufort, Mary Somerset, Duchess of, 1630-1715Shells--Collection and preservation--18th centuryOrnithology--History--18th centuryGarden ecology--Great Britain--History

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Index
Mark Laird
Description: A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
Index
Author
Mark Laird
PublisherPaul Mellon Centre
Copyright© 2015 by Mark Laird
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-32118
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A Natural History of English Gardening: 1650–1800
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